William Gedney1

M, #69782
Last Edited16 Aug 2008
     William Gedney married Margaret Knyvet, daughter of Sir John Knyvet Knt., of Southwick, Northants, etc. and Elizabeth Clifton, after 1439.1

Family

Margaret Knyvet b. c 1412, d. b 12 May 1458

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Chamberlain 11: p. 196. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.

Joan Danvers1

F, #69783
FatherSir John Danvers Knt., of Calthorpe1 b. b 1382, d. c 1448
MotherJoan Bruley2
Last Edited6 Sep 2008

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Chamberlain 12: p. 196. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.
  2. [S1490] Genealogics Website (oiginated by Leo van de Pas, continued by Ian Fettes), online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Joan Bruley: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00219060&tree=LEO. Hereinafter cited as Genealogics Website.

Richard Danvers1

M, #69784
ReferenceGKJ17
Last Edited6 Sep 2008
     Richard Danvers married Agnes Brancaster, daughter of Sir John Brancaster Knt., of Colthorp.2,1

     GKJ-17.

; van de Pas cites: The Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Edinburgh, 1977, Paget, Gerald, Reference: Q 114955.1

Family

Agnes Brancaster
Child

Citations

  1. [S1490] Genealogics Website (oiginated by Leo van de Pas, continued by Ian Fettes), online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Richard Danvers: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00082447&tree=LEO. Hereinafter cited as Genealogics Website.
  2. [S1490] Genealogics Website, online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Agnes Brancaster: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00082448&tree=LEO

Alexander Champernoun Esq., of Bere Ferrers1,2

M, #69785, b. circa 1382, d. 30 June 1441
FatherSir Richard Champernoun Knt., of Modbury, Devon1,3 b. 29 Jun 1344
MotherAlice de Astley1,3
Last Edited16 Aug 2008
     Alexander Champernoun Esq., of Bere Ferrers was born circa 1382; Richardson says "aged 40 in 1422."2 He married Joan Ferrers, daughter of Martin Ferrers, in November 1384.4,1,2

Alexander Champernoun Esq., of Bere Ferrers died on 30 June 1441.2
      ; van de Pas cites: The Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Edinburgh, 1977, Paget, Gerald, Reference: Q 117925.1

Citations

  1. [S1490] Genealogics Website (oiginated by Leo van de Pas, continued by Ian Fettes), online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Alexander Champernoun, of Bere Ferrers: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00028620&tree=LEO. Hereinafter cited as Genealogics Website.
  2. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Champernoun 11: p. 197. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.
  3. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Richardson PA, Champernoun 10: pp. 196-197.
  4. [S1490] Genealogics Website, online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Joan Ferrers: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00385474&tree=LEO

Joan Ferrers1,2

F, #69786
FatherMartin Ferrers; Eldest daughter3,2
Last Edited16 Aug 2008
     Joan Ferrers married Alexander Champernoun Esq., of Bere Ferrers, son of Sir Richard Champernoun Knt., of Modbury, Devon and Alice de Astley, in November 1384.1,4,2

      ; van de Pas cites: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists who came to America bef.1700, 7th Edition, 1992, Weis, Frederick Lewis, Reference: 54.1

Citations

  1. [S1490] Genealogics Website (oiginated by Leo van de Pas, continued by Ian Fettes), online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Joan Ferrers: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00385474&tree=LEO. Hereinafter cited as Genealogics Website.
  2. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Champernoun 11: p. 197. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.
  3. [S1490] Genealogics Website, online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Martin Ferrers: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00385473&tree=LEO
  4. [S1490] Genealogics Website, online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Alexander Champernoun, of Bere Ferrers: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00028620&tree=LEO

Martin Ferrers1

M, #69787
Last Edited16 Aug 2008
      ; van de Pas cites: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists who came to America bef.1700, 7th Edition, 1992, Weis, Frederick Lewis, Reference: 54.1

Family

Child

Citations

  1. [S1490] Genealogics Website (oiginated by Leo van de Pas, continued by Ian Fettes), online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Martin Ferrers: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00385473&tree=LEO. Hereinafter cited as Genealogics Website.
  2. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Champernoun 11: p. 197. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.

Sir Thomas Champernoun Knt., of Modbury, Devon1

M, #69788
Last Edited16 Aug 2008
     Sir Thomas Champernoun Knt., of Modbury, Devon married Eleanor Rohaut, daughter of Sir Roger Rohaut Knt., of Kincote, Leicestershire.1

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Champernoun 10: pp. 196-197. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.

Eleanor Rohaut1

F, #69789
FatherSir Roger Rohaut Knt., of Kincote, Leicestershire1
Last Edited16 Aug 2008
     Eleanor Rohaut married Sir Thomas Champernoun Knt., of Modbury, Devon.1

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Champernoun 10: pp. 196-197. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.

Sir Roger Rohaut Knt., of Kincote, Leicestershire1

M, #69790
Last Edited16 Aug 2008

Family

Child

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Champernoun 10: pp. 196-197. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.

Katherine Daubeney of South Ingleby, Lincolnshire1

F, #69791
FatherSir Giles Daubeney Knt., of South Ingleby, Lincolnshire1 d. 24 Jun 1386
MotherAlianore de Wilington of Umberleigh, Devon1 d. 6 Aug 1400
Last Edited16 Aug 2008
     Katherine Daubeney of South Ingleby, Lincolnshire married Sir Richard Champernoun Knt., of Modbury, Devon, son of Sir Thomas Champernoun Knt., of Modbury, Devon and Eleanor Rohaut, before 13 August 1394
; his 2nd wife.1

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Champernoun 10: pp. 196-197. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.

Sir Giles Daubeney Knt., of South Ingleby, Lincolnshire1,2

M, #69792, d. 24 June 1386
FatherSir Ralph Daubeney KB, 7th of South Petherton, Kt Banneret3 b. bt 3 Mar 1304 - 1305, d. a Dec 1378
MotherAlice de Montagu3
Last Edited16 Aug 2008
     Sir Giles Daubeney Knt., of South Ingleby, Lincolnshire married Alianore de Wilington of Umberleigh, Devon, daughter of Sir Henry de Wilington of Umberleigh, Devon and Isabel de Walesbreu of Lamellen and Lancarfe, Cornwall, after 5 January 1359.3,2,1

Sir Giles Daubeney Knt., of South Ingleby, Lincolnshire died on 24 June 1386.3
      ; SIR GILES DAUBENEY, 8th of South Petherton, and of Ingleby, licensed 14 Oct 1351 to s to his f's lands although b abroad, bought the Manors of Tottenham, Middlesex, and Kempston, Beds, Oct 1357, High Sheriff of Beds and Bucks 1379, MP for Somerset 1382, 1383 and 1384; m. p. 5 Jan 1358-9, Alianore (d 6 Aug 1400), dau of Sir Henry de Wilington, of Umberleigh, Devon, by his wife Isabel, dau of Sir John de Walesbreu, of Lamellen and Lancarfe, Cornwall, and d 24 June, 1386.3

; van de Pas cites: The Complete Peerage, 1936 , Doubleday, H.A. & Lord Howard de Walden, Reference: IV 98.2 Sir Giles Daubeney Knt., of South Ingleby, Lincolnshire was also known as Sir Giles Daubeney 8th of South Petherton.3

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Champernoun 10: pp. 196-197. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.
  2. [S1490] Genealogics Website (oiginated by Leo van de Pas, continued by Ian Fettes), online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Sir Giles Daubenay: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00140395&tree=LEO. Hereinafter cited as Genealogics Website.
  3. [S1396] Burke's Peerage & Gentry Web Site, online http://www.burkes-peerage.net/sites/peerageandgentry/sitepages/home.asp, Daubeney formerly of South Petherton Family Page. Hereinafter cited as Burke's Peerage & Gentry Web Site.

William Bikebery of Bigbery, Devon1

M, #69793
Last Edited16 Aug 2008
     William Bikebery of Bigbery, Devon married Elizabeth Paulet
; his 2nd wife.1

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Champernoun 12: p. 197. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.

Elizabeth Paulet1

F, #69794
Last Edited16 Aug 2008
     Elizabeth Paulet married William Bikebery of Bigbery, Devon
; his 2nd wife.1

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Champernoun 12: p. 197. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.

John Dudley of Atherington1

M, #69796, d. 6 February 1502
FatherSir John VI de Sutton (Or Dudley) Knt., KG, 1st Lord Dudley1,2 b. 25 Dec 1400, d. 30 Sep 1487
MotherElizabeth de Berkeley1,2 d. b 8 Dec 1478
Last Edited11 Sep 2008
     John Dudley of Atherington married Elizabeth Bramshot.3

John Dudley of Atherington died on 6 February 1502.1
      ; van de Pas cites: 1. The Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Edinburgh, 1977, Paget, Gerald, Reference: Q 115581
2. A Genealogical History of the dormant, abeyant, forfeited and extinct peerages of the British Empire, London, 1866, Burke, Sir Bernard, Reference: 521.1

Family

Elizabeth Bramshot d. 12 Oct 1498
Child

Citations

  1. [S1490] Genealogics Website (oiginated by Leo van de Pas, continued by Ian Fettes), online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, John Dudley, of Atherington: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00042970&tree=LEO. Hereinafter cited as Genealogics Website.
  2. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Dudley 13: p. 278. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.
  3. [S1490] Genealogics Website, online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Elizabeth Bramshot: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00042971&tree=LEO
  4. [S1490] Genealogics Website, online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Edmund Dudley: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00042975&tree=LEO

Anne Windsor1

F, #69797, d. 1530
FatherThomas Windsor Esq., of Stanwell, Middlesex1,2,3 b. c 1441, d. 29 Sep 1485
MotherElizabeth Andrews1,4 d. 1542
Last Edited4 Jan 2009
     Anne Windsor married Edmund Dudley, son of John Dudley of Atherington and Elizabeth Bramshot, in 1495
; his 1st wife.1,5
Anne Windsor died in 1530.1
      ; van de Pas cites: The Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Edinburgh, 1977, Paget, Gerald, Reference: P 57792.1

Family

Edmund Dudley b. c 1472, d. 2 Aug 1510
Child

Citations

  1. [S1490] Genealogics Website (oiginated by Leo van de Pas, continued by Ian Fettes), online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Anne Windsor: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00105242&tree=LEO. Hereinafter cited as Genealogics Website.
  2. [S1490] Genealogics Website, online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Sir Thomas Windsor: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00105243&tree=LEO
  3. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Ludlow 14: p. 476. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.
  4. [S1490] Genealogics Website, online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Elizabeth Andrews: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00105244&tree=LEO
  5. [S1490] Genealogics Website, online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Edmund Dudley: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00042975&tree=LEO

Thomas Ingaldesthorpe Esq., of Borough Green and Sawston, Cambridgshire1

M, #69798
Last Edited17 Aug 2008
     Thomas Ingaldesthorpe Esq., of Borough Green and Sawston, Cambridgshire married Margaret de la Pole, daughter of Sir Walter de la Pole Knt., of Dernford and Elizabeth Bradestone.1

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Cherleton 13: p. 200. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.

Catherine Pershall1

F, #69799
Last Edited17 Aug 2008
     Catherine Pershall married Sir John Blount, son of Sir Thomas Blount of Kinlet and Anne Croft.1,2

      ; van de Pas cites: The Complete Peerage, 1936 , Doubleday, H.A. & Lord Howard de Walden, Reference: XII/1 603.1

Family

Sir John Blount b. 1484, d. 1524
Child

Citations

  1. [S1490] Genealogics Website (oiginated by Leo van de Pas, continued by Ian Fettes), online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Catherine Pershall: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00247797&tree=LEO. Hereinafter cited as Genealogics Website.
  2. [S1490] Genealogics Website, online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Sir John Blount: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00247796&tree=LEO

Elizabeth Burley1

F, #69800
FatherSir William Burley of Bromscroft2 b. c 1400
MotherEllen Grendon3
Last Edited6 Oct 2017
     Elizabeth Burley married Thomas Trussell of Kibblestone, son of Sir William Trussell of Warmincham, Leicestershire and Margery Ludlow.1

      ; van de Pas cites: The Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Edinburgh, 1977, Paget, Gerald, Reference: Q 116298.1

Family

Thomas Trussell of Kibblestone b. 1419, d. 1471
Child

Citations

  1. [S1490] Genealogics Website (oiginated by Leo van de Pas, continued by Ian Fettes), online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Elizabeth Burley: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00058670&tree=LEO. Hereinafter cited as Genealogics Website.
  2. [S1490] Genealogics Website, online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, William Burley, of Bromscroft: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00058671&tree=LEO
  3. [S1490] Genealogics Website, online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Ellen Grendon: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00058671&tree=LEO
  4. [S1490] Genealogics Website, online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, William Trussel, of Kibblestone: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00058666&tree=LEO

Jennie Higginbotham1

F, #69801
FatherCol. George Washington Higginbotham1 b. 20 Dec 1786, d. 30 Apr 1863
MotherJoanna/Johannah Croxton Higginbotham1 b. 26 Jan 1794, d. 4 Sep 1860
Last Edited19 Oct 2017

Citations

  1. [S2354] Ancestry.Com Web Site, online http://search.ancestry.com/, History of the Higginbotham name seen on the Oliver Higginbotham family tree Ancestry.com on 19 Oct 2017 at: Found: https://www.ancestry.com/mediaui-viewer/tree/5407581/person/-1457480964/media/405545c0-5871-4a6b-be00-51d2e3304c3e. Hereinafter cited as Ancestry.Com Web Site.

William Trussell of Kibblestone1

M, #69802, d. 22 June 1481
FatherThomas Trussell of Kibblestone1 b. 1419, d. 1471
MotherElizabeth Burley1
Last Edited19 Aug 2008
     William Trussell of Kibblestone married Margaret Kyme.2

William Trussell of Kibblestone died on 22 June 1481.1
      ; van de Pas cites: The Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Edinburgh, 1977, Paget, Gerald, Reference: P 58149.1

Citations

  1. [S1490] Genealogics Website (oiginated by Leo van de Pas, continued by Ian Fettes), online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, William Trussel, of Kibblestone: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00058666&tree=LEO. Hereinafter cited as Genealogics Website.
  2. [S1490] Genealogics Website, online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Margaret Kyme: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00058667&tree=LEO
  3. [S1490] Genealogics Website, online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Edward Trussel, of Kibblestone: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00058663&tree=LEO

Margaret Kyme1

F, #69803
Last Edited19 Aug 2008
     Margaret Kyme married William Trussell of Kibblestone, son of Thomas Trussell of Kibblestone and Elizabeth Burley.1

      ; van de Pas cites: The Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Edinburgh, 1977, Paget, Gerald, Reference: P 58149.1

Citations

  1. [S1490] Genealogics Website (oiginated by Leo van de Pas, continued by Ian Fettes), online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Margaret Kyme: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00058667&tree=LEO. Hereinafter cited as Genealogics Website.
  2. [S1490] Genealogics Website, online http://www.genealogics.org/index.php, Edward Trussel, of Kibblestone: http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00058663&tree=LEO

John Hoton Gent.1

M, #69804
Last Edited19 Aug 2008
     John Hoton Gent. married Isabel Trussell, daughter of Sir William Trussell of Warmincham, Leicestershire and Margery Ludlow, circa 8 February 1448
; her 2nd husband; date of license.1

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Chetwode 11: p. 203. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.

Mary (?)1

F, #69805
Last Edited19 Aug 2008
     Mary (?) married Henry Etwell LLD, of London.1

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Chetwode 12: pp. 203-204. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.

Elizabeth Webb1

F, #69806, d. before 17 May 1511
FatherJohn Webb Esq.1
Last Edited19 Aug 2008
     Elizabeth Webb married Fulk Wodhull Esq., of Warkworth, co. Northampton, son of John Wodhull Esq., of Warkworth, Northamptonshire and Joan Etwell of London,
; her 1st husband.1 Elizabeth Webb married Robert Cheyne of Chesham Bois.1

Elizabeth Webb died before 17 May 1511.1

Family 1

Robert Cheyne of Chesham Bois d. 9 Dec 1552

Family 2

Fulk Wodhull Esq., of Warkworth, co. Northampton b. 1459, d. bt 1508 - 1509

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Chetwode 13: p. 204. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.

John Webb Esq.1

M, #69807
Last Edited19 Aug 2008

Family

Child

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Chetwode 13: p. 204. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.

Robert Cheyne of Chesham Bois1

M, #69808, d. 9 December 1552
Last Edited19 Aug 2008
     Robert Cheyne of Chesham Bois married Elizabeth Webb, daughter of John Webb Esq.1

Robert Cheyne of Chesham Bois died on 9 December 1552.1

Family

Elizabeth Webb d. b 17 May 1511

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Chetwode 13: p. 204. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.

Agnes Harewell1

F, #69809
FatherJohn Harewell Esq., of Wootton Wawen, Warwickshire1
Last Edited19 Aug 2008
     Agnes Harewell married Sir John Smith Baron of the Exchequer.1

Family

Sir John Smith Baron of the Exchequer
Child

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Chetwode 15: pp. 204-205. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.

John Harewell Esq., of Wootton Wawen, Warwickshire1

M, #69810
Last Edited19 Aug 2008

Family

Child

Citations

  1. [S2261] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 1st edition (n.p.: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), Chetwode 15: pp. 204-205. Hereinafter cited as Richardson PA.