Person Page - 2096

     Federico von Hohenstaufen Prince of Antioch, Count of Alba, Celano and Loreto was born between 1221 and 1222; Leo van de Pas says b. 1229; Med lands says b. 1221.^1,2,4 He married Margherita de Poli, daughter of Giovanni de Poli Senator of Rome, before 1239 at Rome, Città Metropolitana di Roma Capitale, Lazio, Italy (now).^1,2

Federico von Hohenstaufen Prince of Antioch, Count of Alba, Celano and Loreto died in 1256 at Foggia, Provincia di Foggia, Puglia, Italy (now); Killed inbattle. Leo van de Pas says d. 1258.^1,2,4
      ; [natural by Maria/Mathilde N] Federico, Pr of Antioch, General Vicar of Ancona 1244, Podesta of Florence and General Vicar of Toscana II.1246, Ct of Alba 1247, Ct of Celano and Loreto 1252, *1221/22, +Foggia 1256; m.Roma before 1239 Margherita de Poli (*Roma ca 1220 +1246/49), dau.of Giovanni de Poli, Senator of Rome.¹

; Leo van de Pas cites: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: I 5.²

     ; Per Med Lands:
     "KONSTANTIN ROGER FRIEDRICH von Staufen, son of Emperor HEINRICH VI & his wife Constance of Sicily (Iesi, Ancona 26 Dec 1194-Castel Fiorentino near Lucera, Foggia, 13 Dec 1250, bur 25 Feb 1251 Palermo Cathedral). He was elected as king of Germany at Wurzburg 25 Dec 1196. He succeeded his father in 1197 as FEDERIGO I King of Sicily, under the regency of his mother, crowned 17 May 1198 at Palermo cathedral. He declared himself of age 26 Dec 1208. Emperor Otto IV invaded Naples, became master of continental Sicily by 1211 and was preparing to invade the island of Sicily with Pisan support, when Friedrich was again elected as FRIEDRICH II King of Germany 5 Dec 1212 at Frankfurt-am-Main, crowned at Mainz 9 Dec 1212 and at Aachen 25 Jul 1215. He was crowned as Emperor FRIEDRICH II in Rome 22 Nov 1220. He declared himself FRIEDRICH King of Jerusalem at Brindisi 9 Nov 1225. He replaced Eudes de Montbéliard as regent of Jerusalem by Thomas of Aquino Count of Acerra in 1226[627]. He sailed from Brindisi 8 Sep 1227 for Jerusalem but fell ill at Otranto, where Ludwig IV Landgraf of Thuringia had been put ashore due to sickness, and postponed his journey while recuperating[628]. He embarked again at Brindisi 28 Jun 1228, although his second wife had meanwhile died which put in doubt his right to the kingdom of Jerusalem, and landed in Cyprus in Jul 1228[629]. He left Cyprus for Acre 3 Sep 1228, and after lengthy negotiations signed a ten year peace treaty with Sultan al-Kamil 18 Feb 1229 under which the city of Jerusalem was returned to the kingdom of Jerusalem[630]. He made his ceremonial entry to Jerusalem 17 Mar 1229, and crowned himself king the next day in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, before sailing back to Europe from Acre 1 May 1229 after appointing Eudes de Montbéliard as Constable of Jerusalem and Balian of Sidon and Garnier the German as baillies. He landed at Brindisi 10 Jun 1229[631]. Friedrich was excommunicated and deposed as emperor 17 Jul 1245 by Pope Innocent IV. He died from dysentery. His death is recorded by Matthew Paris, who specifies the date but not the place and gives details of his testament[632]. The Historia Sicula of Bartolomeo di Neocastro records the death in Dec 1250 "in festo beate Lucie virginis" of "dominus Fridericus secundus…Romanorum…imperator" and his burial "in majori ecclesia Panormitana"[633].
     "m firstly (Messina 5 or 15 Aug 1209 or Palermo 19 Aug 1209) as her second husband, Infanta doña CONSTANZA de Aragón, widow of IMRE King of Hungary, daughter of don ALFONSO II “el Casto” King of Aragon & his wife Infanta doña Sancha de Castilla (1179-Catania 23 Jun 1222, bur Palermo Cathedral). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Constantia regina" as wife of "Hemericus filius [regis Hungarie Bela]", specifying that she later married "Frederico imperatori"[634]. The Crónica de San Juan de la Peña records that Pedro II King of Aragon arranged the marriage of his sister Constanza to "Fredrico Rey de Sicilia"[635]. The Historia Sicula of Bartolomeo di Neocastro names "Constancia soror…Iacobi regis Aragonum" as the first wife of "dominus Fridericus secundus…Romanorum…imperator"[636]. The Continuatio Admuntensis records that she took her son to Vienna and that, after his death, Leopold Duke of Austria arranged her repatriation to "fratri suo Hyspaniarum regi"[637]. The Ryccardus de Sancti Germano Chronica records the marriage in 1209 of "Fredericus rex Sicilie" and "Constantiam sororem regis Arragonum"[638]. The Continuatio Claustroneoburgensis records the marriage of "Fridericus rex Apulie" and "filiam regis Arragonis, relictam regis Ungarie"[639]. She was named regent of Sicily by her husband in 1212 during his absence in Germany, until 1220. She was crowned as empress at Rome with her husband 22 Nov 1220[640]. The monk Conrad´s Brevis Chronica records the death "apud Cataniam" in 1222 of "domina Constantia imperatrix…prima uxor Frederici imperatoris"[641].
     "m secondly (by proxy Acre Aug 1225, Brindisi Cathedral 9 Nov 1225) ISABELLE [Yolande] de Brienne Queen of Jerusalem, daughter of JEAN de Brienne King of Jerusalem & his first wife Maria di Monferrato Queen of Jerusalem (1211-Andria, Bari 25 Apr or 5 May 1228, bur Bari cathedral). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "rex Iohannes filiam suam Ysabel", records her marriage to "imperatori Frederici" and specifies that her husband thereby became king of Jerusalem[642]. According to Runciman[643], she was named Yolande in "western chronicles" but these have not yet been identified. The monk Conrad´s Brevis Chronica records the marriage in 1225 of "imperator" and "filiam regis Joannis…Isabellam" as his second wife, her death in 1227, and the birth of "Rex Conradus filius eius"[644]. She was crowned ISABELLE Queen of Jerusalem at Tyre days after her marriage by proxy, and sailed from Acre in [Aug/Sep] 1225 for her marriage[645]. After her marriage, her husband kept her secluded in his harem at Palermo[646]. She died in childbirth.
     "m thirdly (Betrothed London Feb 1235, Worms Cathedral 15 or 20 Jul 1235) ISABELLA of England, daughter of JOHN King of England & his second wife Isabelle Ctss d'Angoulême (1214-Foggia near Naples 1 Dec 1241, bur Bari). Matthew Paris records her marriage, specifying that she was the sister of King Henry III[647]. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Fredericus imperator Alemanniæ” married “Ysabellam filiam Johannis regis Angliæ” in 1235, her dowry being 30,000 marcs of silver[648]. The Annales Erphordenses record the marriage "1235 XVII Kal Aug" at Worms of "sororem Regis Anglie" and the emperor[649]. Her marriage was arranged by her future husband to drive a wedge between England and the Welf faction in Germany, who were long time allies[650]. She was granted the castle of Monte Sant'Angelo by her husband on her marriage, and was crowned empress 20 Jul 1235 at Worms Cathedral. After her marriage, her husband confined her to one of his castles in Sicily where she was guarded by eunuchs. The Annales Londonienses record the death in 1241 of "Isabella imperatrix, soror regis Angliæ"[651]. The Annals of Tewkesbury record the death “circa festum sancti Nicholai” in 1241 of “Johanna imperatrix” and her burial “apud Barensem urbem”[652]. She died in childbirth[653].
     "Mistress (1): --- . The Thomas Tusci Gesta Imperatorum et Pontificum refers to the mother of "Fredericus" as "nobili comitissa quo in regno Sicilie erat heres"[654] but Emperor Friedrich's first mistress has not been identified more precisely.
     "Mistress (2): [ADELHEID von Urslingen, daughter of ---]. William of Tyre (Continuator) records that the mother of "Ens" was "une haute dame d'Alemaigne"[655]. The Thomas Tusci Gesta Imperatorum et Pontificum refers to "Hentius filius Frederici…ex matre infami et ignobili…[et] Theotonica"[656]. Benoist-Méchin says that "on a certaines raisons de croire" that the mother of Enzio was "Adélaïde d´Urslingen, de la Maison de Spolète" but cites no source and does not explain further what these reasons might be[657].
     "[Mistress (3): RUTHINA von Beilstein-Wolfsölden, wife of GOTTFRIED [II] Graf von Löwenstein [Calw], daughter of [BERTHOLD Graf von Beilstein & his wife Adelheid von Bonfeld]. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[658], she was the mistress of Emperor Friedrich II, but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. The source does not state if she was the mother of any children by the emperor.]
     "Mistress (4): ---. Benoist-Méchin says that the mother of the emperor´s daughter Katharina was "une femme appartenant à la lignée des ducs de Spolète" but cites no corresponding source[659]. There may be some confusion with the alleged mother of Enzio who, according to the same source, was "de la Maison de Spolète" (see above).
     "[Mistress (5): ---. No indication has been found of the identity of the mother of the emperor´s supposed son Heinrich.]
     "Mistress (6): MARIA [Matilda], from Antioch. The Thomas Tusci Gesta Imperatorum et Pontificum refers to the mother of "Fredericus qui de Antiochia" as "Antiocha dicta"[660]. The primary source which specifies her name has not yet been identified. The Historia Sicula of Bartolomeo di Neocastro names "Beatrix filia principis Antiochie" as the fourth wife of "dominus Fridericus secundus…Romanorum…imperator"[661]. Zurita, presumably basing himself on the same source, also names “Beatriz...hija del Principe de Antioch” as the mother of “Federico de Antiochia”[662]. The basis for the name Beatrix in these two sources is not known. It is extremely improbable that she was the daughter of the then titular prince of Antioch, who would presumably have been Bohémond IV (see the document ANTIOCH). No record has been found of her descendants claiming the title after the extinction in the male line of the princely family of Antioch.
     "Mistress (7): ---. Her name is not known.
     "Mistress (8): [MANNA, niece of --- Archbishop of Messina, daughter of ---. Benoist-Méchin says that the mother of Riccardo Conte di Chieti was "semble-t-il, le fils de Manna, une nièce de l´archévêque de Messine" but cites no corresponding source[663].]
     "Mistress (9): ---. Her name is not known.
     "Mistress (10): ---. Her name is not known.
     "Mistress (11): ---. Her name is not known.
     "Mistress (12): BIANCA Lancia, daughter of MANFREDO [II] Lancia Marchese di Busca & his wife Bianca "Maletta" --- (-[1233/34]). The Historia Sicula of Bartolomeo di Neocastro names "domina Blanca…de Lancea de Lombardia" as the fifth wife of "dominus Fridericus secundus…Romanorum…imperator"[664]. The Thomas Tusci Gesta Imperatorum et Pontificum refers to the mother of "Manfredus" as "sorore marchionis Lancee…filia domne Blanca"[665]. A "confirmatio matrimonii in articulo mortis" in [1233/34] is recorded by Matthew Paris, in the form of a declaration of her son Manfred[666]. The Cronica Fratris Salimbene de Adam refers to the mother of "Manfredus…filius Friderici" as "marchionis Lancee neptis", specifying that she married the Emperor "in obitu"[667]."
Med Lands cites: Maria/Mathilde (?) of Antioch and Friedrich II/IV Roger (?) Holy Roman Emperor, King of Jerusalem were associated; Mistress.²

     Margherita de Poli was born circa 1220 at Rome, Città Metropolitana di Roma Capitale, Lazio, Italy (now).¹ She married Federico von Hohenstaufen Prince of Antioch, Count of Alba, Celano and Loreto, son of Friedrich II/IV Roger (?) Holy Roman Emperor, King of Jerusalem and Maria/Mathilde (?) of Antioch, before 1239 at Rome, Città Metropolitana di Roma Capitale, Lazio, Italy (now).^1,2

Margherita de Poli died between 1246 and 1249.¹

     Beatrice Lancia married Ugolino di Serro
; first marriage uncertain.^2,4 Beatrice Lancia was born between 1240 and 1242.¹ She married Corrado (?) d'Antiocha, Conte di Alba, Celano, Laureto e Abruzzo, son of Federico von Hohenstaufen Prince of Antioch, Count of Alba, Celano and Loreto and Margherita de Poli, before 8 July 1258.^1,4

Beatrice Lancia died after 1268.^1,2,4
      ; Beatrice, +after 1268; 1m: Ugolino di Serro (first marriage uncertain); 2m: [62422] Corrado d'Antiochia Count of Alba and Celano (+ca 1301) (illegitimate nephew of Emperor Friedrich II.)²

; Beatrice (+ post 1268)
= (nozze incerte) Ugolino di Serro
= Corrado d'Antiochia Conte di Alba e Celano (+ ca. 1301).⁴

     Imperatrice di Svevia d'Antiochia married Federico della Scala Count of Valpolicella, Podeste di Verona, Modena e Bergamo, son of Alberto detto Piccardo della Scala, between 1295 and 1300 at Verona, Italy (now).^3,2

Imperatrice di Svevia d'Antiochia died after 1310 at Verona, Italy (now); Genealogy.EU (Hohenstaufen page) says d. after 1307; Genealogie delle Dinastie Italiane says d. after 1310.^1,2
      ; Imperatrice, +Verona after 1307/10; m.Verona 1295/1300 [62858] Federico della Scala sn di Valpolicella (*Verona ca 1275, +Trento 1349.)¹ Imperatrice di Svevia d'Antiochia was also known as Imperatrice of Antiochia.³

     Federico della Scala Count of Valpolicella, Podeste di Verona, Modena e Bergamo married Imperatrice di Svevia d'Antiochia, daughter of Corrado (?) d'Antiocha, Conte di Alba, Celano, Laureto e Abruzzo and Beatrice Lancia, between 1295 and 1300 at Verona, Italy (now).^1,2

Federico della Scala Count of Valpolicella, Podeste di Verona, Modena e Bergamo died in 1349 at Trento, Italy (now).¹
      ; Federico, Count of Valpolicella 1311, Podeste di Verona (1311-13), Podeste di Modena 1317, Podeste di Bergamo 1321, Vicario Imperiale di Savona 1327, +Trento 1349; m.Imperatrice of Antiochia, dau.of Corrado Count of Alba and Celano by Beatrice Lancia, great-niece of Emperor Friedrich II.¹

; Federico (+ Trento 1349), Podestà di Verona 1311/1313, Podestà di Modena 1317, Podestà di Bergamo nel 1321, Signore di Bergamo nel 1324, Vicario Imperiale di Savona nel 1327, Signore di Valpolicella.
= Verona 1295/1300 Imperatrice d'Antiochia, figlia di Corrado Conte di Alba e Celano e di Beatrice Lancia (+ post 1310.)²

     Filippa von Hohenstaufen was born circa 1242.^1,2 She married Marchese Manfredo II Maletta in 1259
; Genealogy.EU (Hohenstaufen page) says m. 1255/6.^3,2
Filippa von Hohenstaufen died in 1273; Genealogy.EU (Hohenstaufen page) says d. bef 27 Oct 1273.^1,2
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: I 5.¹

     Marchese Manfredo II Maletta was born between 1230 and 1235.² He married Filippa von Hohenstaufen, daughter of Federico von Hohenstaufen Prince of Antioch, Count of Alba, Celano and Loreto and Margherita de Poli, in 1259
; Genealogy.EU (Hohenstaufen page) says m. 1255/6.^1,2
Marchese Manfredo II Maletta died after 1282.²
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: I 5.¹

     Maria von Hohenstaufen was born circa 1240.¹ She married Barnabo Malaspina between 1255 and 1256.¹

Maria von Hohenstaufen died after 1275.¹

     Barnabo Malaspina was born circa 1230.¹ He married Maria von Hohenstaufen, daughter of Federico von Hohenstaufen Prince of Antioch, Count of Alba, Celano and Loreto and Margherita de Poli, between 1255 and 1256.¹

Barnabo Malaspina died in 1265.¹

     Gerardo (?) von Schwaben died in 1254.^1,2
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: I 5.¹

     Salvaggia von Hohenstaufen married Ezzelino di Romano Podesta of Verona in May 1238 at Verona, Italy (now).^5,1

Salvaggia von Hohenstaufen died in 1244.¹
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: I 5.²

; [illegitimate] Selvaggia, +1244; m.Verona 1238 Ezzelino di Romano, Podesta of Verona.¹

     Ezzelino di Romano Podesta of Verona married Salvaggia von Hohenstaufen, daughter of Friedrich II/IV Roger (?) Holy Roman Emperor, King of Jerusalem, in May 1238 at Verona, Italy (now).^1,2

      ; Leo van de Pas cites: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: I 5.¹

     Cubitosa d'Aquino married Landolfo Caracciolo Conte di Montemarano.⁸
Cubitosa d'Aquino married Galeotto Lancia Conte di Atti, son of Galvano Lancia Podesta di Padova, Prince of Salerno.^2,3

Cubitosa d'Aquino died between 1297 and 1309.³
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels Fürstliche Häuser , Reference: 1956 380.¹

     Caterina da Marano married Giacomo di Carreto Marchese di Savona, Marchese di Noli and Finale, son of Enrico II del Carretto Marchese di Noli, Finale, etc. and Agate (?), in 1247
; his 2nd wife.⁴
Caterina da Marano died after 1272.¹
      ; [illegitimate] Caterina da Marano, +after 1272; 1m: NN; 2m: 1247 Marchese Giacomo di Carreto Marchese di Savona (*1220 +21.10.1268.)¹

     Giacomo di Carreto Marchese di Savona, Marchese di Noli and Finale married Caracosa Doria
; his 1st wife.¹ Giacomo di Carreto Marchese di Savona, Marchese di Noli and Finale was born in 1221 at Finale, Italy (now).¹ He married Caterina da Marano, daughter of Friedrich II/IV Roger (?) Holy Roman Emperor, King of Jerusalem, in 1247
; his 2nd wife.¹
Giacomo di Carreto Marchese di Savona, Marchese di Noli and Finale died on 12 October 1268 at Finale, Italy (now).¹
      ; GIACOMO, Marchese di Noli, Finale, etc., Imperial Vicar of Northern Italy 1248, Marchese di Novello, Monchiero, Lequio e Saliceto 1251, *Finale 1220, +Finale 21.10.1268; 1m: Caracosa Doria; 2m: 1247 Caterina da Marano, natural daughter of Emperor Friedrich II.³

     Blanceflor von Hohenstaufen was born in 1226.⁴
Blanceflor von Hohenstaufen died on 20 June 1279 at Montargis, Departement du Loiret, Centre, France.^1,2,4
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: I 5.²

; illegitimate.¹

     Riccardo (?) Conte di Chieti was born in 1225.²
Riccardo (?) Conte di Chieti died after June 1249.^1,2
      ; illegitimate.¹

      ; [illegitimate] Federico di Pettorano, he fled with his wife and children to Spain.¹

     Burchard (?) de Savoie, Archbishop of Lyon died on 10 June 1046.¹
      ; Burcardo, Prevosto di San Maurizio d'Agauno, Archbishop of Lyon, +1068
     B1. Aymon, fl 1041.²


; Leo van de Pas cites: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: II 110.¹

     Aymon (?) de Savoie, Bishop of Sitten died on 23 August 1053.¹
      ; Aimon, Prevosto di San Maurizio d'Agauno, Bp of Sion, +13.7.1054/55.²

; Leo van de Pas cites: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: II 110.¹

     Manfredo II Lancia Marchese di Busca married Bianca Maletta, daughter of Guglielmo Maletta.^3,1,4
Manfredo II Lancia Marchese di Busca was born circa 1170.⁵
Manfredo II Lancia Marchese di Busca died between 1214 and 1215.^1,3,5,4
     Reference: Genealogics cites: Frederick II of Hohenstaufen London, 1957, Georgina Masson.⁵

; Per Med Lands:
     "MANFREDO [II] (-[1214/15]). Marchese di Busca. "Ubertus comes de Biandra, Mainfredus marchio de Busca, Vilielmus marchio de Bosco…" witnessed a charter dated 11 Feb 1197 under which "Mainfredus II marchio Salutiarum" decided a dispute between Bonifazio Marchese di Monferrato and the consuls of Asti[819]. "Mainfredus Lancea…" witnessed a charter dated 20 Feb 1211 which records an agreement between "Mainfredus marchio Saluciarum" and "Belengerius marchio de Busca et filii eius Villelmus et Odo et Raimundus"[820].
     "m BIANCA Maletta, daughter of GUGLIELMO Maletta & his wife --- (-after [1214/15]). Her marriage is confirmed by the Thomas Tusci Gesta Imperatorum et Pontificum which refers to the mother of "Manfredus" as "sorore marchionis Lancee…filia domne Blanca"[821]. Her parentage is suggested by the charters in which Manfredo King of Sicily refers to two members of the Maletta family as "avunculus" (see below)."
Med Lands cites: EDV-23.

; Per Genealogics:
     “Manfredo belonged to a noble Piedmontese family that had long been associated with the House of Hohenstaufen. Three brothers from the Lancia family, Enrico, Hugo and Manfredo, were at the court of Emperor Friedrich I Barbarossa.
     “Apparently Manfredo was a poor businessman; after selling his properties he almost reduced his family to poverty. However he was a gifted _trovatore_, writing his poems in Provençal, and was a friend of the cultured Boniface I, marchese de Montferrato.
     “By an unnamed wife, Manfredo had two sons, Manfredo and Giordano, and it is likely but not certain that the Bianca Lancia who became the mistress of Emperor Friedrich II was his daughter. In 1212 his seventeen-year-old son Manfredo was befriended by Friedrich II, grandson of Friedrich Barbarossa, and in 1216 this younger Manfredo acted as a representative for the emperor. Later the emperor would befriend his sister Bianca, who would become his mistress and bear him children. The elder Manfredo is thought to have died about 1215.”.⁵

; Per Genealogie Delle din Ital.: “Manfredo II (+ 1214/1215), Marchese di Busca."¹

; Per Genealogy.EU (Lancia Family): “B1. Manfredo II, Marchese di Busca, +1214/15; m.Bianca "Maletta", dau.of Guglielmo N (+after 1214/15)”.¹

     Bianca Maletta married Manfredo II Lancia Marchese di Busca, son of Manfredo I Lancia Marchese di Busca.^1,3,2

Bianca Maletta died after 1215.¹
      ; Per Genealogy.EU (Lancia Family): “B1. Manfredo II, Marchese di Busca, +1214/15; m.Bianca "Maletta", dau.of Guglielmo N (+after 1214/15)”.³ EDV-23.

; Per Genealogie Delle din Ital.: “Bianca "Maletta"(Signora di Paternò ?), figlia di Guglielmo .... (+ post 1214/1215.)³"

     Manfredo I Lancia Marchese di Busca died after 1175.^1,2
      ; Manfredo I detto "LANCIA" (* ? + post 1175), Marchese di Busca. I suoi discendenti furono detti "Lancia".²