Person Page - 1778

     Olaf IV Magnusson (?) co-King of Norway was born in 1093; Ashley, p. 741 says born ca 1090; Louda & Maclagan (Table 24) says b. 1099; Genealogy.EU Norway 3 page says b. 1093.^1,2,3
Olaf IV Magnusson (?) co-King of Norway died on 22 December 1115.^1,2,3
      ; King of Norway, ruled jointly with his brothers.^1,2,3

     Harald IV Magnusson Gillechrist "Gille" (?) King of Norway was born circa 1094 at Ireland; Ashley says b. 1103; Genealogy.EU Norway 3 page says b. ca 1094.^1,2 He married Ingrid/Ingirith (?) of Sweden, daughter of Ragnvald (?),
; her 2nd husband.^3,2,4
Harald IV Magnusson Gillechrist "Gille" (?) King of Norway died on 14 December 1136 at Bergen, Norway; murdered.^1,3,2
      ; Harald IV Magnusson "Gille", King of Norway (1130-36), *Ireland ca 1094, +murdered Bergen 14.12.1136; m.Ingrid of Sweden (+after 1161.)²

; King of Norway, ruled jointly with Magnus IV.^1,3,2

     Ingrid/Ingirith (?) of Sweden married Henrik "the Limper" Svendson (?), son of Svend Svendson (?),
; her 1st husband.^4,2 Ingrid/Ingirith (?) of Sweden married Harald IV Magnusson Gillechrist "Gille" (?) King of Norway, son of Magnus III "Barefoot" (?) King of Norway,
; her 2nd husband.^5,3,2 Ingrid/Ingirith (?) of Sweden married Ottar Birtting (?)
; her 3rd husband.² Ingrid/Ingirith (?) of Sweden married Arne Kongsmag (?)
; her 4th husband.²
Ingrid/Ingirith (?) of Sweden died after 1161.²
      ; Ingrid, +after 1161; 1m: Henrik of Denmark (+1134); 2m: King Harald Gille of Norway (+1136); 3m: Ottar Birtting (+1146/7; 4m: Arne Kongsmag (+after 1161.)²

     Inge I Haraldsson "Crookback" (?) King of Vigen, co-King of Norway was born in 1135.^2,3
Inge I Haraldsson "Crookback" (?) King of Vigen, co-King of Norway died on 4 February 1161; murdered.^1,2,3
      ; Inge I Haraldsson, King of Vigen, co-King of Norway (1136/42-61), *1135, +k.a.4.2.1161; he was possible father of two sons:
- Harald Ingesson, +k.a.1184
- Jon Kuflung, a contender for the throne in 1185, +k.a.1188.³


; King of Norway, ruled jointly with his brothers.^1,2,3

     Eystein II (?) Underking of Norway married Ragina (?), daughter of Nicholas Mase (?).¹

Eystein II (?) Underking of Norway died in 1137; murdered.¹
      ; Underking of Norway.¹

     Gregorius Andersson (?) married Cecilia (?) of Norway, daughter of Hakon IV Hakonsson "the Old" (?) King of Norway and Kanaga (?), in 1241
; her 1st husband.^1,2
Gregorius Andersson (?) died in 1246.²

     Hakon II "the Broadshouldered" (?) King of Norway was born in 1147.^1,2
Hakon II "the Broadshouldered" (?) King of Norway died in 1162.^1,2,3
     He was King of Norway between 1161 and 1162.^1,2,3

     Sigurd III (?) King of Norway died in 1163; executed.^1,2
     He was King of Norway between 1162 and 1163.^1,2

     Sverre/Sverker Sigurdsson "the Priest" (?) King of Norway was born in 1152.¹ He married Astrid Roesdotter (?)
; his 1st wife.^1,2 Sverre/Sverker Sigurdsson "the Priest" (?) King of Norway married Margret Eiriksdottir (?) of Sweden, daughter of Saint EriK IX Jedvardsson (?) King of Sweden and Christina Bjornsdotter (?) of Denmark, in 1185
; his 2nd wife.^1,3
Sverre/Sverker Sigurdsson "the Priest" (?) King of Norway died on 9 March 1202.^1,2
      ; Sverre Sigurdsson "the Priest", King of Norway (1177/84-1202) in Trondheim, +9.3.1202; 1m: Astrid Roesdotter; 2m: 1185 Margareta of Sweden (+1209.)² Sverre/Sverker Sigurdsson "the Priest" (?) King of Norway was also known as Sverre/Swerro (?) King of Norway.⁴

; per Sjostrom: [quote] The Neue Folge (Schwennicke) of ES and Genealogics
(presumably just because of Schwennicke) both seem to
have a belief that Sigurd Lavard and king Haakon III
of Norway, attested sons of king Sverre of Norway,
were sons of his wedded wife Margret Eiriksdottir of
Sweden.

That however is almost certainly wrong.
1. There are no near-contemporary source to say that
either of these sons were born of Margret.
2. The Saxo Grammaticus tells about Sigurd Lavard that
the boy's original name was Unas, as namesake of Unas
Kamm-makare, the husband of Sverre's mother Gunhild,
whom Sverre believed to be his own father while yet
living in the Faroe Islands. And when Sverre had risen
to kingship in Norway, he had the boy brought to him
from the Faroese, and changed his name to Sigurd, as
namesake of the Norwegian king whom Sverre had
meanwhile taken as his father.
3. Sagas narrate that Sverre's concubine in Faroe
Islands was Astrid Roesdottir, daughter of bishop Roe
of Kirkjubour, brother of Unas kamm-makare.
This has lead to conclusion that Sigurd Lavard was
born of Astrid.
4. Chronology: Sverre attestedly married the Swedish
king's daughter, Margret, only after having won the
important war, and become almost all Norway's king.
That took place in c 1185.
5. Margret of Sweden is in sagas mentioned
specifically as the mother of Kristin Sverresdottir,
king Sverre's sole legitimate daughter.
Had she been mother of either Sigurd Lavard or king
Haakon III, such thing would presumably been mentioned
in that material.
Instead, much later, even legitimate right to the
throne was derived through marriage with Kristin,
although a putative son of Haakon III lived at the
time.
6. Those primary sources mention that the younger boy,
Haakon (the future Haakon III), got his name as
namesake of king Haakon II, whom Sverre had taken as
his brother at the same point where he took the late
king Sigurd as father.
This narration indicates that possibly young Haakon's
birth and possible earlier name has similar history as
those of Sigurd Lavard's, who was formerly young Unas
from Faroese.
7. In 1202, at king Sverre's death, Haakon III was old
enough to assume the kingship, without any regency. In
other words, an adult. This indicates his birth took
place some time before marriage with Margret, and his
conception may have taken place already when Sverre
yet lived in the Faroese, i.e in c 1176.
8. the Isenburg ES assigns Sigurd Lavard and Haakon
III as sons of Astrid Roesdottir. In my opinion, that
is more credible than either of them being born of
Margret.
9. A final nail to the coffin of Margret being mother
of Haakon III comes from narrations in primary
materials about the relationship between them. When
Sverre was dead and Haakon III ascended the throne,
sagas narrate that Margret with her daughter Kristin
left the king's court. And when Haakon III died in
1204, a lot of his supporters accused the Dowager
Queen Margret as having poisoned the young king.
I believe the primary materials would have mentioned
in any of those two occasions specifically, if Haakon
III really were Margret's son. Instead, their
relationship as evidenced by those two events looks
very much like that between stepson and stepmother.
10. There is some indication of Sverre keeping Astrid
Roesdottir as his concubine fairly long, even up to
until he married Margret. This leaves yet less room
for Haakon III to have been born of someone else than
Astrid.

Does anyone know of further relevant primary sources
and what they say about this matter?

M.Sjöström [end quote]. He was King of Norway, killed Magnus V and took throne. Ashley (p. 741) shows Sverker as having co-reigned with Magnus V 1177-1180. between 1184 and 1202.^1,4,2

     Margret Eiriksdottir (?) of Sweden married Sverre/Sverker Sigurdsson "the Priest" (?) King of Norway, son of Sigurd II Haraldsson Mund (?) King of Norway, in 1185
; his 2nd wife.^1,3
Margret Eiriksdottir (?) of Sweden died in 1209.^1,3,2
      ; per Sjostrom: [quote] The Neue Folge (Schwennicke) of ES and Genealogics
(presumably just because of Schwennicke) both seem to
have a belief that Sigurd Lavard and king Haakon III
of Norway, attested sons of king Sverre of Norway,
were sons of his wedded wife Margret Eiriksdottir of
Sweden.

That however is almost certainly wrong.
1. There are no near-contemporary source to say that
either of these sons were born of Margret.
2. The Saxo Grammaticus tells about Sigurd Lavard that
the boy's original name was Unas, as namesake of Unas
Kamm-makare, the husband of Sverre's mother Gunhild,
whom Sverre believed to be his own father while yet
living in the Faroe Islands. And when Sverre had risen
to kingship in Norway, he had the boy brought to him
from the Faroese, and changed his name to Sigurd, as
namesake of the Norwegian king whom Sverre had
meanwhile taken as his father.
3. Sagas narrate that Sverre's concubine in Faroe
Islands was Astrid Roesdottir, daughter of bishop Roe
of Kirkjubour, brother of Unas kamm-makare.
This has lead to conclusion that Sigurd Lavard was
born of Astrid.
4. Chronology: Sverre attestedly married the Swedish
king's daughter, Margret, only after having won the
important war, and become almost all Norway's king.
That took place in c 1185.
5. Margret of Sweden is in sagas mentioned
specifically as the mother of Kristin Sverresdottir,
king Sverre's sole legitimate daughter.
Had she been mother of either Sigurd Lavard or king
Haakon III, such thing would presumably been mentioned
in that material.
Instead, much later, even legitimate right to the
throne was derived through marriage with Kristin,
although a putative son of Haakon III lived at the
time.
6. Those primary sources mention that the younger boy,
Haakon (the future Haakon III), got his name as
namesake of king Haakon II, whom Sverre had taken as
his brother at the same point where he took the late
king Sigurd as father.
This narration indicates that possibly young Haakon's
birth and possible earlier name has similar history as
those of Sigurd Lavard's, who was formerly young Unas
from Faroese.
7. In 1202, at king Sverre's death, Haakon III was old
enough to assume the kingship, without any regency. In
other words, an adult. This indicates his birth took
place some time before marriage with Margret, and his
conception may have taken place already when Sverre
yet lived in the Faroese, i.e in c 1176.
8. the Isenburg ES assigns Sigurd Lavard and Haakon
III as sons of Astrid Roesdottir. In my opinion, that
is more credible than either of them being born of
Margret.
9. A final nail to the coffin of Margret being mother
of Haakon III comes from narrations in primary
materials about the relationship between them. When
Sverre was dead and Haakon III ascended the throne,
sagas narrate that Margret with her daughter Kristin
left the king's court. And when Haakon III died in
1204, a lot of his supporters accused the Dowager
Queen Margret as having poisoned the young king.
I believe the primary materials would have mentioned
in any of those two occasions specifically, if Haakon
III really were Margret's son. Instead, their
relationship as evidenced by those two events looks
very much like that between stepson and stepmother.
10. There is some indication of Sverre keeping Astrid
Roesdottir as his concubine fairly long, even up to
until he married Margret. This leaves yet less room
for Haakon III to have been born of someone else than
Astrid.

Does anyone know of further relevant primary sources
and what they say about this matter?

M.Sjöström [end quote].

     Saint EriK IX Jedvardsson (?) King of Sweden married Christina Bjornsdotter (?) of Denmark, daughter of Bjorn Jernside (?) of Denmark and Katarina Ingesdotter (?), before 1158.^1,2,3

Saint EriK IX Jedvardsson (?) King of Sweden died in 1159; Louda & Maclagan Table 27 says d. 1160; Sweden 5 page says d. 1159.^1,3
      ; King of Sweden.³

     Ingrid Ylva (?) married Magnus Minneskjold (?) of Bjalbo, son of Bengt Snivel (?).^2,1

Ingrid Ylva (?) died in 1251.¹

     Folke Birgerson (?) Jarl in Sweden died in 1210; killed in battle.¹

     Ingeborg (?) of Norway married Karl Sverkersson (?) of Sweden, son of Sverker II Karlson "den yngre" (?) King of Sweden and Bengte/Benedicta Ebbesdatter (?).^1,2,3

     Karl Sverkersson (?) of Sweden married Ingeborg (?) of Norway, daughter of Sverre/Sverker Sigurdsson "the Priest" (?) King of Norway and Astrid Roesdotter (?).^1,2,3

Karl Sverkersson (?) of Sweden died in 1198; murdered.³
      ; Karl, +murdered 1198; m.Ingeborg, dau.of King Sverre of Norway.³

     Sigurd Lavard (?) died in 1200.^1,2

     Guttorm Sigurdsson (?) King of Norway/King of the Kirkebeiner died in 1205; Louda & Maclagan (Table 24) says d. 1205; Genealogy.EU Norway 3 page says d. 1204.^1,2
     Guttorm Sigurdsson (?) King of Norway/King of the Kirkebeiner was also known as Guthrum (?) King of Norway.³ He was King of Norway between 1204 and 1205.¹

     Hakon III Sverkersson (?) King of Norway/King of the Birkebeiner died on 1 January 1204; murdered.^1,2
     He was King of Norway between 1202 and 1204.^1,2

     Clemence (?) de Fougeres married Robert II de Montfort, son of Hugh IV de Montfort seigneur de Montfort-sur-Risle and Adeline de Beaumont.¹

     Sigurd Kongsson (?) was born before 1225.²
Sigurd Kongsson (?) died in 1254.^1,2
      ; illegitimate.²

     Margareta Skulesdotter (?) married Hakon IV Hakonsson "the Old" (?) King of Norway, son of Hakon III Sverkersson (?) King of Norway/King of the Birkebeiner and Inge (?) from Varteig, in 1225.^1,2

Margareta Skulesdotter (?) died in 1270.^1,3
      ; Margareta, +1270; m.1225 King Hakon Hakonsson of Norway (*1204 +1263.)³

     Jarl Skuli Baardsson (?) Duke of Norway married Ragnhild (?)²

      ; Skuli Baardsson, Duke of Norway, contender for the throne in 1239, +1249; m.Ragnhild N.²

     Hakon Hakonsson (?) co-King of Norway was born in 1232.^1,3 He married Richiza/Rixa Birgersdotter (?) of Sweden, daughter of Birger Magnusson (?) Jarl of Bjalbo, Regent of Sweden and Ingeborg Eriksdotter (?) of Sweden, in 1251
; her 1st husband.^5,6,3,4
Hakon Hakonsson (?) co-King of Norway died in 1257.^1,3
     He was co-King of Norway between 1240 and 1257.³

     Richiza/Rixa Birgersdotter (?) of Sweden married Hakon Hakonsson (?) co-King of Norway, son of Hakon IV Hakonsson "the Old" (?) King of Norway and Margareta Skulesdotter (?), in 1251
; her 1st husband.^1,8,3,4 Richiza/Rixa Birgersdotter (?) of Sweden married Heinrich I (?) Fürst von Werle zu Güstrow, son of Nikolaus I (?) Fürst von Werle, Herr zu Rostock and Jutta (?) von Anhalt, in 1262
; his 1st wife; her 2nd husband.^8,2,9,4
Richiza/Rixa Birgersdotter (?) of Sweden died circa 1288.⁴
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: Nachkommen Gorms des Alten 1978. , S. Otto Brenner, Reference: 244.²