Person Page - 2216

     Lucrezia Borgia was born on 18 April 1480 at Rome, Città Metropolitana di Roma Capitale, Lazio, Italy (now); Borgia 1 says b. 18 Apr 1481; Leo van de Pas says b. 18 Apr 1480; Welf 10 page says b. 18.4.1480.^1,6,3 She married Giovanni Sforza d'Aragona, Conte de Cotognola, Principe di Pesaro on 21 June 1493 at Vatican, Italy (now),
; her 1st husband.^7,3 Lucrezia Borgia and Giovanni Sforza d'Aragona, Conte de Cotognola, Principe di Pesaro were divorced in 1497.^7,3 Lucrezia Borgia married Alfonso (?) bâtard d'Aragona, Principe di Salerno, Duca di Biseglia, son of Alfonso II (?) of Aragon, King of Naples, Duke of Calabria, on 21 July 1498 at Vatican, Italy (now),
; her 2nd husband.^8,3 Lucrezia Borgia married Alfonso I d'Este Duca di Ferrara, Modena e Reggio, son of Ercole I d'Este Duke of Modena, Ferrara and Reggio and Eleonore (?) of Aragon, on 2 February 1502 at Vatican, Italy (now),
; his 2nd wife; her 3rd husband.^1,6,3
Lucrezia Borgia died on 24 June 1519 at Ferrara, Italy (now), at age 39.^1,6,3
      ; [by Vanozza Cattaneis] Lucrezia Borgia, *Rome 18.4.1481, +Ferrara 24.6.1519; 1m: Vatican 12.6.1493 (div 1497) Giovanni Sforza d'Aragona (*Gradara 27.7.1466 +Vatican 21.7.1510), Cte di Cotognola, Pr di Pesaro; 2m: Vatican 21.7.1498 Alfonso de Aragon, Pr di Salerno, Duca di Biseglia (*1481 +18.8.1500); 3m: 1502 Alfonso I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, Modena and Reggio (*1476 +1534); by her 2m. she had a son who took the Borgia name: Rodrigo d'Aragona de Borgia, Duca di Biseglia e Sermonetta (*Rome 1499, +Bari 1512.)¹

; per Leo van de Pas: " One of history's most maligned women was an illegitimate daughter of the Spanish pope, Alexander VI. She was first brought up by her mother, Vanozza dei Catanei, but was later entrusted to the care of her father's cousin, Adriana de Mila, who was married to Ludovico Orsini, Lord of Bassanello. With a rich dowry left to her by her elder brother, Pedro Luis, aged eleven, she was betrothed to Juan de Centelles, a Spaniard. The following year, Don Gasparo, Count of Aversa, was considered but, to keep her in Rome, she married, at only thirteen, the middle-aged Giovanni Sforza, Lord of Pesaro. This marriage was a grand occasion at the Vatican; Lucrezia was attended by Battistina, grand-daughter of Pope Innocent VIII, and 150 other girls from the greater Roman families.

For a year she lived with her husband in Rome and it was not until mid-1494 when she paid her first visit to Pesaro. Lucrezia became bored with the provincial life of Pesaro, and Giovanni Sforza lost favour with her father who, in 1497, annulled the marriage. Lucrezia was far from the lurid and shameless courtesan she was reputed to be, but she was a gay and pleasure-loving girl who enjoyed presiding over the court of the Renaissance Papacy a good deal more than being married to a middle-aged soldier and being hostess in an unimportant social backwater.

Giovanni denied non-consummation of their marriage as he wanted to protect the dowry of 31,000 ducats. However, Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan, wanted to retain his good relations with the pope and threatened to withdraw his protection from Pesaro; and so Lucretia was free, by which time she was one of the official hostesses of Vatican society.

At this time there were rumours that she had had an affair with the Spaniard, Pedro Calderon, and given birth to his child in the spring of 1498, at which time Calderon was mysteriously murdered. However, her divorce had been forced upon her by her father as Lucrezia was too weak a character to have transformed her undoubted discontent with her husband into a demand to be released from him, especially with Giovanni Sforza anxious to preserve the marriage. The reason for their divorce seems to have been the diplomatic overtures of the King of Naples and Lucrezia married Alfonso, Duke of Bisceglia, an illegitimate son of King Alfonso II of Naples. This marriage took place in June 1498. This time her dowry was 41,000 ducats and it was stipulated that she should not be compelled to go to Naples during her father's lifetime. Again the marriage took place at the Vatican but this time with much less pomp. Lucrezia and Alfonso had one son, Rodrigo.

King Federigo of Naples attempted to gain support from the Turks. This caused the abandonment of the royal family by the pope and other western powers. The presence of Alfonso, Duke of Bisceglia, and his sister Sancia (wife of Jofre, another of Lucrezia's brothers) at the papal court had become an increasing embarrassment and, in the summer of 1499, Alfonso fled from Rome fearing for his safety. Lucrezia was sent to Spoleto as its governor and there she spent several months with her brother Jofre. In August 1500, Alfonso was murdered on Cesare Borgia's orders after an earlier assassination attempt had failed. In November 1500 the treaty of Granada was signed, affecting the partition of the kingdom of Naples.

Shortly afterwards, Pope Alexander VI went to inspect the castle of Genazzano, leaving Lucretia in charge of the Vatican. This choice astonished and shocked contemporaries but in itself is adequate testimony of Alexander's completely secular view of the papal administration.

In 1501 Cesare Borgia gave a party as part of the celebrations of Lucrezia's approaching third wedding. The description of this party was given by the master of ceremonies, Burchard. According to him, fifty Roman courtesans were invited to the private supper party, danced naked with the servants, competed to pick up chestnutts off the floor with their naked thighs, and were then competed for themselves by the men present. All this took place in the presence of Pope Alexander VI, Lucrezia and Cesare Borgia.

On the 2nd of February 1502, she married Alfonso d'Este, the future Duke of Modena and Ferrare, and had to part with her son, Rodrigo, who was brought up by Francesco Borgia. The proxy wedding ceremony, which took place on the 30th December 1501, was spectacular and costly, again taking place in Rome. On 6th of January 1502, Lucrezia set out on her journey to her third husband accompanied by Cardinal Francesco Borgia and a large retinue of Roman nobles. Everywhere homage was paid to the pope's daughter and it took nearly a month before she finally arrived at Ferrara after an exhausting but spectacular journey. Her dowry of 100,000 ducats had been paid for by the Apostolic Camera.

When Lucrezia went to Ferrara, escaping the shadow of her father and brother, she came into the limelight of her own. However, the Este family watched her like hawks, noting every indiscretion and commenting on her every action. Her father-in-law, Duke Ercole, outwardly friendly and genuinely surprised and pleased with his new daughter-in-law, was mean over her settlement and suspicious of her extravagant Spanish and Roman attendants whom he gradually drove away from his court. Alfonso, at first non-committal and persistently inattentive towards his wife, gradually warmed to her to some extent. The death of Pope Alexander VI and the collapse of the Borgia fortunes in 1503 left her isolated.

Louis XII of France suggested a divorce for Alfonso and Lucrezia; but Lucrezia survived, not so much because she had already won her way into the heart of Alfonso and the Ferrarese as because divorce was a humiliating business and also the considerable dowry would have to be repaid. Early in 1505 her father-in-law died, and Alfonso and Lucrezia took over the rule of Ferrara.

In 1512, Rodrigo, her eldest son, died and Lucrezia, who had never seen her son after her departure for Ferrara, was deeply upset by his death. In 1518 Vanozza dei Catanei, the mother of four of Pope Alexander VI's children, died much respected by the Augustinian monks of Santa Maria del Popolo, to whom she left considerable endowments in her will. Masses were still being said for her soul in Santa Maria del Popolo 150 years later.

Lucrezia died, aged thirty-nine, enjoying the respect of her subjects, a generous patroness of learning and of art, besung by Ariosto and other poets. Alfonso wrote movingly and with obvious sincerity in a letter to his nephew, Federico Gonzaga, of 'the illustrious lady, the duchess, my dearest wife', stating that: 'I cannot write this without tears, knowing myself to be deprived of such a dear and sweet companion. For such her exemplary conduct and the tender love which existed between us made her to me.³'"

; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: vol II page 124.
2. Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: IX 11.³

     Laura Dianti married Alfonso I d'Este Duca di Ferrara, Modena e Reggio, son of Ercole I d'Este Duke of Modena, Ferrara and Reggio and Eleonore (?) of Aragon, after 1519
; his 3rd wife, formerly his mistress.¹
Laura Dianti died on 27 June 1573.¹
      ; formerly his mistress.¹

     Giacomo Feo was born in 1468 at Forli, Italy (now).¹ He married Caterina Sforza, daughter of Galeazzo Maria Sforza Duke of Milan and Lucrezia (?) Cssa Landriani, in 1489
; her 2nd husband.¹
Giacomo Feo died in 1495 at Forli, Italy (now).¹
      ; a stable-man.¹

     Heinrich (?) von Sponheim, Bishop of Troyes died in 1169.¹

     Hartwig (?) von Sponheim, Bishop of Regensburg died in 1164.¹

     Hartwig (?) von Sponheim, Archbishop of Magdeburg died in 1126.¹

     Hermann (?) Burggrave and Steward of Magdeburg died in 1118.¹

     Richgard (?) von Sponheim married Rudolf I (?) Graf von Stade, Margrave of the Nordmark, son of Lothar-Udo III von Stade Graf von Stade, Markgraf der Nordmark and Oda (?) von Werl.¹

Richgard (?) von Sponheim died in 1151.¹

     Bernhard (?) von Sponheim, Count of Sponheim-Marburg married Kunigunde (?) von Steier, daughter of Ottokar II (?) Margrave of Styria and Elizabeth (?) of Austria.¹

Bernhard (?) von Sponheim, Count of Sponheim-Marburg died in 1147.¹

     Kunigunde (?) von Steier married Bernhard (?) von Sponheim, Count of Sponheim-Marburg, son of Engelbert I (?) Graf im Kraichgau, Graf von Sponheim and Hedwig/Hadwich (?) of Saxony.¹

Kunigunde (?) von Steier died on 28 July 1161.^1,2

     Heinrich IV (?) von Sponheim, Duke of Carinthia married Gertrud (?)¹

Heinrich IV (?) von Sponheim, Duke of Carinthia died in 1193.¹

     Hartwig (?) von Sponheim, Bishop of Regensburg died in 1126.¹

     Siegfried I (?) Graf von Arch married Hildburg (?) von Tengling
; his 1st wife.¹ Siegfried I (?) Graf von Arch married Adelheid von Diessen
; his 2nd wife.¹
Siegfried I (?) Graf von Arch died in 1130.¹
      ; Gf Siegfried I von Arch, +ca 1130; 1m: Hildburg von Tengling; 2m: Adelheid von Diessen (+ca 1145) dau.of Gf Arnulf I von Diessen.¹

     Adelheid von Diessen married Siegfried I (?) Graf von Arch, son of Engelbert I (?) Graf im Kraichgau, Graf von Sponheim and Hedwig/Hadwich (?) of Saxony,
; his 2nd wife.¹
Adelheid von Diessen died circa 1145.¹
      ; Adelheid von Diessen (+ca 1145) dau.of Gf Arnulf I von Diessen.¹

     Skoglar-Teste (?) was born circa 950.²
      ; Per Med Lands:
     ""Skoglar" TOSTE, son of ---. In Svithjod. Snorre records that Harald "Grenske" was welcomed in Svithjod by "Toste…often in battle…therefore called Skoglar-Toste" and lived five years with him[68].
     "m ---. The name of Toste's wife is not known."
Med Lands cites: [68] Snorre, Saga of King Harald Grafeld and of Earl Haakon son of Sigurd, 11.³

; Per Genalogics:
     "Skoglar Toste was a Viking from the Swedish province of West Götaland (Westrogothia). He had a son Ulf Tostesson, who would become jarl of Sweden. According to the Icelandic chronicler and author of the _Heimskringla,_ Snorre Sturlasson (1178-1241), he was also the father of Sigrid Storrada (the Haughty). However there is uncertainty about her origins, and other sources give her father as Mieszko I Dagon, grand duke of Poland.
     "Skoglar is mentioned in several sagas, such as the _Heimskringla,_ and is said to have been the first to demand _danegeld,_ a tax raised to pay off Viking raiders, in 970. His name Skoglar, Skauglar of Skagul was given to him because of his experience in battle (Skagul is one of the many names for battle in Old Norse). At Vallentuna, near Stockholm, the runestone of Orkesta says: 'But Ulf has taken three danegelds in England. The first one was with Toste, the second one with Thorkel and the third one with Knud the Great'.
     "Both Sigrid Storrada and Ulf Tostesson are recorded with progeny."²

Reference: Genalogics Cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag, Marburg, Schwennicke, Detlev (Ed.) 2:114.² Skoglar-Teste (?) was also known as Skoglar Toste (?)⁴ GAV-29 EDV-29.

; Per Wikipedia:
     "Skoglar Toste or Skoglar Tosti (there are several variations) is a legendary 10th century chieftain from the Swedish province of West Gothland. His name (skoglar, skauglar or skagul) was reportedly due to his experience in battle. [1]
     "Toste is mentioned in several sagas, most notable in Heimskringla. According to Snorri Sturluson, he was the father of Sigrid the Haughty. For some time he gave refuge to Harald Grenske, who later came back to woo Sigrid, only to be killed by her for his persistence. According to the sagas, Skoglar Toste was also the father of Ulf Tostesson, father of Ragnvald Ulfsson and grandfather of Stenkil who became the King of Sweden in 1060.
     "Toste is said to have collected great riches when he demanded danegeld as he led a Viking army to England in 970. At Vallentuna, near Stockholm, the runestone of Orkesta (U 344) reads:
References
1. "Skoglar Toste". Bergans Historiasidor. May 15, 2015. Retrieved October 24, 2015.
Other sources
** Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis, Lines: 241-5, 243A-20."⁴

     Anund Jakob (?) King of Sweden married Gytha (?)⁴

Anund Jakob (?) King of Sweden died between 1050 and 1053.¹
     He was King of Sweden between 1022 and 1053.¹

     Anund Emundson (?) died circa 1056.¹

     Henrik "the Limper" Svendson (?) married Ingrid/Ingirith (?) of Sweden, daughter of Ragnvald (?),
; her 1st husband.^1,2
Henrik "the Limper" Svendson (?) died in 1134.¹
      ; killed in battle.¹

     Svend Svendson (?) died in 1104.¹

     Ottar Birtting (?) married Ingrid/Ingirith (?) of Sweden, daughter of Ragnvald (?),
; her 3rd husband.¹
Ottar Birtting (?) died between 1146 and 1147.¹

     Arne Kongsmag (?) married Ingrid/Ingirith (?) of Sweden, daughter of Ragnvald (?),
; her 4th husband.¹
Arne Kongsmag (?) died after 1161.¹

     Katarina Ingesdotter (?) married Bjorn Jernside (?) of Denmark, son of Harald Kesja (?) Reichsverweser of Denmark and Ragnhild (?).⁴

      ; Katarina; m.Bjorn Jernside of Denmark (+1134.)¹

     Bjorn Jernside (?) of Denmark married Katarina Ingesdotter (?), daughter of Inge I "the Elder" Stenkilsson (?) of Sweden and Helena (?).¹

Bjorn Jernside (?) of Denmark died in 1134; drowned.¹

     Christina Bjornsdotter (?) of Denmark married Saint EriK IX Jedvardsson (?) King of Sweden, son of Jedward (?) and Cecily (?), before 1158.^2,1,3

      ; Christina; m.[St.] Erik II Jedvardsson, King of Sweden (+1159.)¹

     Helena Sverkersdotter (?) married Sune Folkesson (?), son of Folke Birgerson (?) Jarl in Sweden, before 1237.^1,2

Helena Sverkersdotter (?) died after 1240.¹
      ; Helena, +after 1240; m.before 1237 Sune Folkesson (+1247.)¹

     Sune Folkesson (?) married Helena Sverkersdotter (?), daughter of Sverker II Karlson "den yngre" (?) King of Sweden and Bengte/Benedicta Ebbesdatter (?), before 1237.^3,2

Sune Folkesson (?) died in 1247.^3,2
     He was living in 1237.²