Person Page - 874

     William Douglas of Mordingtoun was born before 1406.¹
     He was living in 1406.¹

     Agnes Douglas married John Gordon of Gordon.^1,2
Agnes Douglas married Sir John Livingston of Callendar on 15 August 1381.^1,2

Agnes Douglas died after 1421.³
      ; van de Pas cites: 1. A Genealogical History of the dormant, abeyant, forfeited and extinct peerages of the British Empire, London, 1866, Burke, Sir Bernard, Reference: 327
2. Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage, London, Reference: 1938 1788.²

     Sir John Livingston of Callendar married (?) Menteth of Carse, daughter of John Menteith laird of Kerse (de jure Uxoris) and Mary Stirling.³
Sir John Livingston of Callendar married Agnes Douglas, daughter of Sir James 'the Elder' Douglas of Dalkeith and Agnes de Dunbar, on 15 August 1381.^1,4

Sir John Livingston of Callendar died on 14 September 1402 at Battle of Homildon; per Wikipedia: [quote] On September 14, 1402, a Scottish army returning from a pillaging expedition in the English county of Northumberland, suffered complete defeat at the Battle of Humbleton Hill (or Homildon Hill). The Scots, led by Archibald, Earl of Douglas, had invaded in part to avenge the killing and capture of prominent Scottish nobles in the battle of Nesbit Moor.
Black Douglas
Angered by the setback at Nesbit, Douglas appealed to Robert Stewart Duke of Albany, the regent of Scotland. By early September troops were beginning to concentrate on the east march. A party of French knights came, having recently arrived in the country. Douglas was also joined by forces led by Murdoch Stewart, Albany's eldest son, his kinsman, George Douglas, the Red Earl of Angus, Thomas Dunbar, Earl of Moray, and a party of Gallwegians, led by Fergus Macdouall. Other contingents were headed by the chiefs of the houses of Erskine, Grahame, Montgomery, Seton, Sinclair, Lesley and the Stewarts of Angus, Lorn and Durisdeer. This was a national rather than a border army, comprising some 10000 men in all.

By early August Henry IV was aware of the build-up of hostile forces on the border. He ordered the sheriff of Lincoln to hold his troops in readiness to assist the Earl of Northumberland if necessary; but beyond that he was content to leave matters to the northern levies.
Storm Let Loose
The storm finally broke at harvest time. Dense columns of Scots crossed the border, in all probability following the same route that the second earl of Douglas had in 1388; but this was no surprise attack: the whole countryside was alerted to the presence of the enemy. Moving eastwards without interruption Douglas marched through Northumberland onwards into County Durham, ravaging and plundering all the way. On the advice of George Dunbar, the Scottish earl of March, but now an ally of the English, the Percies decided to let them come on, with the intention of intercepting them on the return, when their progress would be slowed by plundered livestock. The whole countryside gave way before the invaders. It is estimated that over 1000 people left Northumberland, fleeing south in pursuit of refuge. Panic spread to Newcastle, where 100 armed men were detailed to watch the walls every night for the duration of the emergency, and armed vessels stood ready on the Tyne.

Archibald Douglas, who clearly was attempting to cast himself in the role of the heroic second earl, appears to have been blind to the dangers into which the army was being drawn. English troops were concentrating at Alnwick and Dunstanburgh Castle to the north of his position, poised to cut off his retreat. Douglas also seems to have been blinded to reality by the comforting illusion that the victory at Otterburn had given the Scots a decisive edge over their opponents-failing to appreciate how close they had been to disaster on that occasion. He also appears to have taken comfort from the strength of his force, perhaps believing that most of the English army was with King Henry on the Welsh marches. Loaded down with booty he began a liesurely retreat through the valley of the River Till back towards the border at Coldstream, ready to reaquaint his countrymen with the power of the longbow.
Homildon Hill
When he reached Wooler on 14 September Douglas learned that the enemy were ranged across his line of retreat at Milfield, just over five miles to the north-west. Appreciating the extreme danger of his situation he ordered the army, booty and all, to deploy in a dense phalanx on the nearby height of Homildon-now Humbleton-Hill. This was a good position, rising in successive tiers to an elevation of nearly 1000 feet above sea level, with a flat top upon which there were some ancient fortifications; but it was also twined with another eminence, the nearby Harehope Hill, separated from Homildon by a ravine, although within arrow range. Douglas was well enough situated to repel a cavalry attack; but the very denseness of his army, and his failure to secure Harehope, made him extremly vulnerable to archery; and it was archers who made up the bulk of the approaching English army.

From Milfield the English army advanced down the Till valley, under the leadership of Northumberland, his eldest son Harry Hotspur, previously taken captive at Otterburn, and the earl of March. On finding the enemy at Homildon they took up their own battle positions. The exact distribution of the English troops is not altogether clear, so a recreation of the Battle of Homildon Hill has to involve a degree of guesswork. It would certainly appear that a party of longbowmen was allowed to occupy Harehope, without interruption from Douglas. Here they were comfortably out of range of the Scottish shortbow, and protected by the deep ravine that runs between Harehope and Homildon. The rest of the army, including the remaining archers and men-at-arms, seemed to have been deployed on the lower ground, slightly to the north-west of the Scots in a field, subsequently known as Red Riggs, where a stone still stands said to commemorate the battle.
Hail of Death
Hotspur, true to his name and nature, wanted to begin the battle by ordering an immediate charge on the Scots. He was restrained by March, whose knowledge of the fighting strengths of both armies was invaluable: as a Scot he was well aware that his people fought best at close quarters, whereas the English had the greatest advantage in dealing death from a distance with the mighty longbow. Each of the bowmen was armed with twenty-four arrows, and it was said of old that they carried twenty-four Scots under their belt. Never was this truer than at Homildon, perhaps the most complete victory for the longbow in English history.

From Harehope and the lower reaches of Homildon the arrows began to whistle into the packed Scottish ranks. The lightly protected Gallwegians suffered most, but even the latest plate armour failed to deflect the punch of the arrows, which cut through helmets with ease. The Scots were so badly deployed that they had scarcely any room to manoeuvre or use their weapons. The horror of the situation was made worse by the screams of the horses and the plundered livestock, maddened by the rush of arrows. Walter Bower, the Scottish chronicler depicts the scene thus;

...the English bowmen, advancing towards the Scots, smothered them with arrows and made them bristle like hedgehogs, transfixing the arms and hands of the Scots to their own lances. By means of this very harsh rain of arrows, they wounded others and they killed many.

Even the bravest soldier could only take so much of this. It was not a question of fighting: the only test of courage was to stand and die without turning their backs on an enemy they could not reach. The advancing English archers were unsupported by other infantrymen and could conceivably have been dispersed by a cavalry charge, as their ancestors had been by Robert Keith at Bannockburn. No such attack was ordered by Douglas, who seems to have frozen in indecision. Finally, two knights, Sir John Swinton and Sir Adam Gordon, could take no more, and ordered their own retainers, some 100 men in all, to follow them on a downhill charge. Unsupported by the main army, both men were killed, and their attack destroyed. The survivors of Swinton and Gordon's men were streaming back only to be met by their comrades coming down from the heights, which caused some confusion, made worse when the whole army came across a sudden precipice.

The English archers remained calm, simply giving way, more rapidly in the centre than on the flanks, firing all the time. Before reching the enemy the Scottish army finally broke, fleeing in all directions, with riderless horses charging wildly across the Till Valley. The English nen-at-arms, who had not been engaged at all until now, joined the pursuit, which continued all the way to the River Tweed, thirteen miles to the north, where a further 500 Scots were drowned in a desperate attempt to escape, their bodies borne rapidly downstream by the strong current.
Black September
An unknown number of men died on the slopes of Homildon Hill; perhaps thousands. There was also a rich hoard in prisoners, numbering among them Murdoch of Fife, the earls of Moray, Angus and Orkney; the barons of Montgomery, Erskine, Seton and Abernethy; Sir Robert Logan, Sir William Graham, Sir Adam Forester, Sir David Fleming and Pierre des Essarts with a number of French knights. The chief captive was Archibald Douglas himself who, despite his costly armour, had been wounded in five places, losing one of his eyes. Only five Englishmen are said to have been killed; and while one is normally suspicious of claims of this kind, in the circumstances of the battle this is, perhaps, not improbable.

Homildon was a serious blow to Scottish morale, showing what Otterburn might have been if Hotspur had kept his head. It was a reminder of the massed power of the longbow., which prevailed against the Scots at the past battles of Dupplin Moor, Halidon Hill and Neville's Cross, but which seems to have been forgotten in the intervening years. It was also Archibald Douglas' first major battle and he never did more to justify the title he was subsequently given-the 'Tyneman' (the Loser). His ill-fated raid was the last major invasion of England until another Scots army campaigned in the valley of the Till in the late summer of 1513.


The battle was famously recounted in Shakespeare’s Henry IV. Although Humbleton Hill is the modern name of the site, over the centuries it has been variously named Homildon, Hameldun, Holmedon, and Homilheugh. [end quote]^2,1,5
      ; van de Pas cites: A Genealogical History of the dormant, abeyant, forfeited and extinct peerages of the British Empire, London, 1866, Burke, Sir Bernard, Reference: 327.¹

     Sir William Douglas of Drumlanrig married Jacoba/Janet Douglas, daughter of Sir James 'the Elder' Douglas of Dalkeith and Agnes de Dunbar, circa June 1410
; dispensation 12 June 1410.¹

     Margaret Douglas married Philip de Arbuthnot
; his 2nd wife.²

     Sir William Douglas was living in 1406.¹

     Sir John de Arderne married Margaret de Aldford, daughter of Richard de Aldford.¹

     GAV-22 GKJ-22.

     Margaret de Aldford married Sir John de Arderne, son of Eustace de Arden.¹

     GAV-22 GKJ-22.

     GAV-23 GKJ-23.

     John Douglas married Mariota de Cheyne Heiress of Inverugie and Ackergill, daughter of Sir Reginald le Cheyne of Duffus, Lord of Inverugie and Straloch and Mairi inghen Frisgyn de Moravia Heirress of Duffus and Strathnaver,
; Her 1st husband.^1,3
John Douglas died circa 1366.¹
      ; left issue.¹

     GAV-23 GKJ-23.

     Mariota de Cheyne Heiress of Inverugie and Ackergill married John Douglas, son of Sir John Douglas and Agnes de Graham,
; Her 1st husband.^1,4 Mariota de Cheyne Heiress of Inverugie and Ackergill married John Keith 1st of Inverugie, son of Sir Edward de Keith of Syntoun,
; Her 2nd husband.^1,4
     Reference: van de Pas cites: Keith of Sintoun, Inverugie, Ludquhon and Ravenscraig, 1998, Mcintosh, Donald M.⁴ Mariota de Cheyne Heiress of Inverugie and Ackergill was also known as Mariota le Cheyne Heiress of Inverugie and Ackergill.⁴ Mariota de Cheyne Heiress of Inverugie and Ackergill was also known as Mariot Cheyne.⁵

     Eustace de Arden was born circa 1140.¹
     GAV-24 GKJ-24.

     Sir Reginald le Cheyne of Duffus, Lord of Inverugie and Straloch married Mairi inghen Frisgyn de Moravia Heirress of Duffus and Strathnaver, daughter of Freskin de Moravia Lord of Duffus and Johanna (?) of Orkney and Caithness, Heiress of Strath Nabhair.^5,2
Sir Reginald le Cheyne of Duffus, Lord of Inverugie and Straloch was born circa 1246.²
Sir Reginald le Cheyne of Duffus, Lord of Inverugie and Straloch died before 6 November 1312.²
     Reference: Genealogics cites: Sir David de Graham Family History Report 2015, Ravilious, John Paul.²

     GAV-25 GKJ-25.

     Sir William de Stanley of Hooton, Cheshire was born in 1360 at Wirral Forest, Cheshire, England.² He married Margery/Margaret de Hooton, daughter of Sir William de Hooton (Hoton) of Hooton and Katherine Torond, in 1386.^1,3,4

Sir William de Stanley of Hooton, Cheshire died in February 1428.²
     GAV-17 GKJ-17.

; ancestor of the Stanley Bts (later called Errington) of Hooton.¹ Sir William de Stanley of Hooton, Cheshire was also known as Sir William de Stanley.²

     Margery/Margaret de Hooton was born circa 1347.¹ She married Sir William de Stanley of Hooton, Cheshire, son of Sir William de Stanley Lord of Manor of Stourton and Alice de Mascy, in 1386.^3,1,2

     Reference: Genealogics cites:
1. Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage, London, 1938. 784
2. The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester 2nd Edition, Ormerod, George & Thomas Helsby. 2:410.² GAV-17 GKJ-17. Margery/Margaret de Hooton was also known as Margery de Hooton.³

     John Keith 1st of Inverugie married Mariota de Cheyne Heiress of Inverugie and Ackergill, daughter of Sir Reginald le Cheyne of Duffus, Lord of Inverugie and Straloch and Mairi inghen Frisgyn de Moravia Heirress of Duffus and Strathnaver,
; Her 2nd husband.^1,4
      ; per van de Pas: "ancestor of the Keiths of Inverugie."⁵

; van de Pas cites: 1. The Great Historic Families of Scotland, London, 1889, Taylor, James, Reference: 101.⁵

     Laurence Warren Esq., of Poynton, co. Chester married Margaret/Margery Bulkeley of Cheadle, Cheshire, daughter of Sir Richard Bulkeley of Cheadle, Cheshire and Margery Venables of Kinderton.^5,6
Laurence Warren Esq., of Poynton, co. Chester was born circa 1394 at Pointon, Cheshire, England.^2,6
Laurence Warren Esq., of Poynton, co. Chester died before 30 July 1444.⁶
     Reference: Genealogics cites:
     1. Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families 2004, Salt Lake City, Richardson, Douglas. page 753
     2. The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester 2nd Edition, Ormerod, George & Thomas Helsby. 3;685
     3. The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants to the American Colonies or the USA, Baltimore, 1993, Roberts, Gary Boyd. 378
     4. East Cheshire, Past and Present or A History of the Hundred of Macclesfield 1877-1880, Earwaker, J. P. 2:286
     5. The Wallop Family and Their Ancestry 1928 , Watney, Vernon James. 816.⁶ Laurence Warren Esq., of Poynton, co. Chester was also known as Laurence Warren.²

     Margaret/Margery Bulkeley of Cheadle, Cheshire married Laurence Warren Esq., of Poynton, co. Chester, son of Nicholas de Warren of Poynton and Stockport and Agnes de Wynnington.^1,2
Margaret/Margery Bulkeley of Cheadle, Cheshire was born circa 1388.¹
     GKJ-16.

Reference: Genealogics cites:
     1. The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants to the American Colonies or the USA, Baltimore, 1993, Roberts, Gary Boyd. 378
     2. The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester 2nd Edition, Ormerod, George & Thomas Helsby. 3;627
     3. The Wallop Family and Their Ancestry 1928 , Watney, Vernon James. 152.¹ Margaret/Margery Bulkeley of Cheadle, Cheshire was also known as Margery Bulkeley.³

     Nicholas de Warren of Poynton and Stockport married Agnes de Wynnington, daughter of Sir Richard de Wynnington of Wynnington and Emme (?).^1,4,2
Nicholas de Warren of Poynton and Stockport was born circa 1378 at Pointon, Cheshire, England.^1,2
Nicholas de Warren of Poynton and Stockport died circa 1413 at Stockport, Cheshire, England.^1,2
     GAV-20 GKJ-17.

; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester 2nd Edition, Ormerod, George & Thomas Helmsby, Reference: 3;685
2. East Cheshire, Past and Present or A History of the Hundred of Macclesfield 1877-1880, Earwaker, J. P., Reference: 2;286
3. The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants to the American Colonies or the USA, Baltimore, 1993, Roberts, Gary Boyd, Reference: 378.²

     Agnes de Wynnington married Nicholas de Warren of Poynton and Stockport, son of Sir John de Warren of Poynton and Stockport and Margrett Stafford.^1,3,4
Agnes de Wynnington was born circa 1376 at Wynnington, Cheshire, England.¹
Agnes de Wynnington died before 1418.¹
     GAV-20.

; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester 2nd Edition, Ormerod, George & Thomas Helmsby, Reference: 3;685
2. East Cheshire, Past and Present or A History of the Hundred of Macclesfield 1877-1880, Earwaker, J. P., Reference: 2;286
3. The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants to the American Colonies or the USA, Baltimore, 1993, Roberts, Gary Boyd, Reference: 378.³ Agnes de Wynnington was also known as Agnes Winnington.³ She was living in 1417.³

     Sir John de Warren of Poynton and Stockport was buried at Boton, co. Norfolk, England.¹ He married Margrett Stafford, daughter of Sir John Stafford.^1,2
Sir John de Warren of Poynton and Stockport was born circa 1343 at Pointon, Cheshire, England.^1,2
Sir John de Warren of Poynton and Stockport died in 1387.^1,2
     GAV-21 GKJ-18.

; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants to the American Colonies or the USA, Baltimore, 1993, Roberts, Gary Boyd, Reference: 378
2. The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester 2nd Edition, Ormerod, George & Thomas Helmsby, Reference: 3;685.²

     Margrett Stafford married Sir John de Warren of Poynton and Stockport, son of Sir Edward de Warren and Cicely de Eton.^1,2
Margrett Stafford was born at Wickham, co. Norfolk, England.¹
Margrett Stafford died on 6 April 1418 at Pointon, Cheshire, England.^1,3
     GAV-21.

; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants to the American Colonies or the USA, Baltimore, 1993, Roberts, Gary Boyd, Reference: 378
2. The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester 2nd Edition, Ormerod, George & Thomas Helmsby, Reference: 3;685.³ Margrett Stafford was also known as Margaret de Stafford.³

     Sir John Stafford was born at Wigham, England.¹
     GAV-22.

     Sir Henry Douglas of Lugton and Lochleven married Marjory Stewart, daughter of Sir John Stewart Knt., of Ralston and Alicia Mure.¹

      ; Henry (Sir), of Lugton and Lochleven; m Marjory (d 1438), dau of Sir John Stewart of Ralston (half-bro of ROBERT II) and widow of Sir Alexander Lindsay of Glenesk.¹

     Sir Edward de Warren married Cicely de Eton, daughter of Sir Nicholas Elton and Joan Stockport.^1,6,2
Sir Edward de Warren was born in 1315 at Pointon, Cheshire, England.¹
Sir Edward de Warren died before 1369.¹
     GAV-22.

; Leo van de Pas cites: The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants to the American Colonies or the USA, Baltimore, 1993, Roberts, Gary Boyd, Reference: 378.²

     Cicely de Eton married Sir Edward de Warren, son of John de Warenne 8th Earl of Surrey and Warren and Maud de Nerford.^2,1,3
Cicely de Eton was born circa 1321 at Stockport, Cheshire, England.²
     GAV-22.

; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants to the American Colonies or the USA, Baltimore, 1993, Roberts, Gary Boyd, Reference: 378
2. The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester 2nd Edition, Ormerod, George & Thomas Helmsby, Reference: 3;685.¹ Cicely de Eton was also known as Ciceley Elton.²