Person Page - 1637

     Christine/Christina Maria (?) of France, Regent of Savoy was born on 10 February 1606.^4,3,5 She married Vittorio Amedeo I (?) Duca di Savoia, Principe del Piemonte, Marchese di Saluzzo, Conte di Aosta, Moriana, Nizza e Asti, titular King of Cyprus and Jerusalem, son of Carlo Emanuele I "the Great" (?) Duca di Savoia, Principe del Piemonte, Conte di Aosta, Moriana, Asti e Nizza, Marchese di Saluzzo and Catalina Michaella (?) Infanta of Spain, on 10 February 1619.^1,4,3,5,6

Christine/Christina Maria (?) of France, Regent of Savoy died on 27 December 1663 at Turin (Torino), Città Metropolitana di Torino, Piemonte, Italy (now), at age 57.^4,3,5
Christine/Christina Maria (?) of France, Regent of Savoy was buried after 27 December 1663 at Vercelli .⁵

     Gaston (?) Duc d'Orléans, de Chartes, d'Anjou, de Valois et d'Alencon was born on 25 April 1608 at Fontainebleau, France.^2,3 He married Marie de Bourbon Dss de Montpensier, daughter of Henri de Bourbon Duc de Montpensier and Henriette-Catherine (?) Dss de Joyeuse, on 6 August 1626 at Nantes, Departement de la Loire-Atlantique, Pays de la Loire, France,
; his 1st wife.^2,4,3 Gaston (?) Duc d'Orléans, de Chartes, d'Anjou, de Valois et d'Alencon married Princess Marguerite (?) de Lorraine, daughter of Francois II (?) Duc de Lorraine and Christina Katharina (?) Gräfin zu Salm, Dame de Ruppes, de Domremy, on 31 January 1632 at Nancy, Lorraine, France,
; this marriage was annulled 1634, but they remarried Paris 27.5.1643.^2,4
Gaston (?) Duc d'Orléans, de Chartes, d'Anjou, de Valois et d'Alencon died on 2 February 1660 at Blois, France, at age 51.^1,3,2
Gaston (?) Duc d'Orléans, de Chartes, d'Anjou, de Valois et d'Alencon was buried after 2 February 1660 at St. Denis, Paris, City of Paris, Île-de-France, France.²

     Philippe II (?) Duc d'Orléans, Regent of France was born on 2 August 1674 at Saint-Cloud, Departement des Hauts-de-Seine, Île-de-France, France.^2,3 He married Françoise Marie de Bourbon Mademoiselle de Blois, daughter of Louis XIV "le Grand" (?) King of France and Navarre and Francoise Athenais de Rochechouart, on 18 February 1692 at Versailles, France.^1,2,4,5

Philippe II (?) Duc d'Orléans, Regent of France died on 2 December 1723 at Versailles, Departement des Yvelines, Île-de-France, France, at age 49.^2,3
     He was Regent of France between 1715 and 1723.^1,2

     Françoise Marie de Bourbon Mademoiselle de Blois was born on 9 February 1677 at Chateau de Maintenon.^2,3,4 She married Philippe II (?) Duc d'Orléans, Regent of France, son of Philippe I (?) Duc d'Orléans, d'Anjou, de Valois, de Chartres, de Nemours et de Montpensier, Pr de Joinville and Elisabeth Charlotte di Liselotte (?) von der Pfalz, Css Palatine von Simmern, on 18 February 1692 at Versailles, France.^1,2,3,4

Françoise Marie de Bourbon Mademoiselle de Blois died on 1 February 1749 at age 71.^2,3,4
      ; Françoise Marie, dit Mlle de Blois, legitimized 1681, *Château de Maintenon 9.2.1677, +Paris 1.2.1749, bur there; m.Versailles 18.2.1692 Duc Philippe II d'Orléans (*2.8.1674 +2.12.1723.)³

; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. The Royal House of Stuart London, 1969,1971,1976. , A. C. Addington, Reference: Page 43.
2. Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels Fürstliche Häuser , Reference: yr.1961.
3. Cahiers de Saint Louis Magazine. , Jacques Dupont, Jacques Saillot, Reference: Page 1244.⁴

; per Leo van de Pas: " She has been described as the incarnation of pride and laziness, and was nicknamed 'Lucifer'. Despite being illegitimate she regarded herself a 'Daughter of France' and did her cousin, a 'Grandson of France', an honour by marrying him. She was pretty and witty and, although in the first few years she allowed her husband his mistresses, she was too lazy to take a lover herself, which prevented her from becoming the subject of the usual gossip. Later on her pride alienated her from her husband and, according to her mother-in-law, she became drunk three or four times a week.

She outlived all her children except for her son and the Duchess of Modena. D'Argenson said she was very like her mother, Madame de Montespan, but also had Louis XIV's orderly mind with his failings of injustice and harshness. She ruled the Palais-Royal until her death in 1749 at the age of seventy-two."⁴

; legitimized.³

     Philippe Louis (?) Duc d'Orleans was born in 1703.² He married Augusta (?), daughter of Louis William (?) Margrave of Baden-Baden, in 1724.²

Philippe Louis (?) Duc d'Orleans died in 1752.¹

     Marie Louise Elisabeth (?) d'Orleans was born in 1695 at Versailles, France.³ She married Charles (?) Duc de Berry, d'Alençon et d'Angoulême, Cte de Ponthieu, son of Louis "le Grand Dauphin" (?) Dauphin de Viennois and Marie Anna Christine Victoria (?) Duchess of Bavaria, Pfalzgräfin bei Rhein, on 6 July 1710 at Versailles, France,
; her 1st husband.^1,2,3 Marie Louise Elisabeth (?) d'Orleans married Armand (?) Count of Riom in 1716
; her 2nd husband.²
Marie Louise Elisabeth (?) d'Orleans died in 1719 at Chateau de la Muette.³
Marie Louise Elisabeth (?) d'Orleans was buried in 1719 at St. Denis, Paris, City of Paris, Île-de-France, France.³

     Marie Sophie Helene Beatrice (?) of France was born on 9 July 1786 at Versailles, France.¹
Marie Sophie Helene Beatrice (?) of France died on 19 June 1787 at Versailles, France.¹
Marie Sophie Helene Beatrice (?) of France was buried after 19 June 1787 at St. Denis, Paris, City of Paris, Île-de-France, France.¹

     Charles (?) Duc de Berry, d'Alençon et d'Angoulême, Cte de Ponthieu was born on 31 August 1686 at Versailles, France.^2,3 He married Marie Louise Elisabeth (?) d'Orleans, daughter of Philippe II (?) Duc d'Orléans, Regent of France and Françoise Marie de Bourbon Mademoiselle de Blois, on 6 July 1710 at Versailles, France,
; her 1st husband.^1,5,3
Charles (?) Duc de Berry, d'Alençon et d'Angoulême, Cte de Ponthieu died on 4 May 1714 at Marly at age 27.^2,3
Charles (?) Duc de Berry, d'Alençon et d'Angoulême, Cte de Ponthieu was buried after 4 May 1714 at St. Denis, Paris, City of Paris, Île-de-France, France.³
      ; Charles, Duc de Berry, d'Alençon et d'Angoulême, Cte de Ponthieu, *Versailles 31.8.1686, +Marly 4.5.1714, bur St.Denis; m.Versailles 6.7.1710 *[49086] Pss Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans (*Versailles 1695, +Chateau de la Muette 1719, bur St.Denis.)³

     Bartholomew de Badlesmere was born before 1169.¹
     GAV-22 EDV-23.

; "The first mention of this family [Badlesmere] occurs in the 16th year of the reign of Henry II. (1169-70), when Bartholomew de Badlesmere had a law suit with William de Cheney concerning a landed property in the county of Kent, and in the 22nd of [Henry II - ca 1175], we find this Bartholomew amerced 20 marks for trespassing in the royal forests. To Bartholomew succeeded William de Badlesmere."¹

     Felipe I (?) Infant of Spain, Duke of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla was born on 15 March 1720 at Madrid, Spain.^1,2,4,3 He married Louise Elizabeth (?) of France, daughter of Louis XV "le Bien-Aime" (?) King of France, Duke of Anjou and Princess Maria Karolina Sophie Felicite Leszczynska of Poland, on 25 October 1739.^1,2,5,6,4,3

Felipe I (?) Infant of Spain, Duke of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla died on 18 July 1765 at Alessandria, Italy, at age 45; buried there.^1,2,3,4
      ; FILIPPO I, Duke of Parma (1748-65), Piacenza and Guastalla, *Madrid 1720, +Alessandria 1765, bur there; m.Alcala de Henares 1739 Pss Elisabeth of France (*14.8.1727 +6.12.1759).³

; FILIPPO, Infant of Spain, Duke of Parma (18.10.1748-1765), Piacenza and Guastalla, *Madrid 15.3.1720, +Alessandria, Italy 18.7.1765, bur there; m.Alcalá de Henares 25.10.1739 *[53844] Pss Elisabeth of France (*14.8.1727 +6.12.1759).⁴ He was Duke of Parma between 1748 and 1765.^1,2,7

     Louis-Ferdinand Bourbon Dauphin de France was born on 4 September 1729 at Versailles, Departement des Yvelines, Île-de-France, France.^2,3,4,5 He married Maria Theresa Antonietta Rafaela (?) Infta of Spain, daughter of Felipe V (?) Duc d'Anjou, King of Spain, King of Naples and Sicily and Princess Elizabeth/Elisabetta Farnese, on 23 February 1745 at Versailles, France,
; his 1st wife.^2,3,6,4 Louis-Ferdinand Bourbon Dauphin de France married Maria Josefa (?) Princess of Poland and Saxony, daughter of Frederick Augustus II (III) (?) Elector of Saxony, King of Poland and Mary Josefa (?) Archduchess of Austria, on 9 February 1747 at Versailles, France,
; his 2nd wife.^{1,2,7,8,3,9,10,4}
Louis-Ferdinand Bourbon Dauphin de France died on 20 December 1765 at Fontainebleau, Departement de Seine-et-Marne, Île-de-France, France, at age 36.^1,2,3,4,5
Louis-Ferdinand Bourbon Dauphin de France was buried after 20 December 1765 at Basilique Saint-Denis, Saint-Denis, Departement de Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France; From Find A Grave:
     BIRTH     4 Sep 1729, Versailles, Departement des Yvelines, Île-de-France, France
     DEATH     20 Dec 1765 (aged 36), Fontainebleau, Departement de Seine-et-Marne, Île-de-France, France
     Louis-Ferdinand was the son of King Louis XV of France and his wife Princess Maria-Carolina Zsofia Felicja Leszcynska of Poland. Louis married his distant cousin Princess Maria-Teresa of Spain. Three days after the birth of their daughter Maria-Teresa died on 22 July 1746. Louis was only sixteen years old. He grieved intensely at the loss of his wife, but his responsibility to provide for the succession to the French crown necessitated that he marry again quickly. On 9 February 1747, he married Princess Marie-Josephe of Saxony. They were the parents of 8 children-Marie-Zephyrine (died young), Louis-Joseph Xavier, Xavier, King Louis XVI-Louis-Auguste, Louis XVIII-Louis-Stanislas, King Charles X-Charles-Philippe, Marie-Adella (wife of King Carlos-Emanuel of Sardinia), and Marie-Elisabette.
     Family Members
     Parents
      Louis XV 1710–1774
      Maria Karolina Leszczynska 1703–1768
     Spouses
      Maria-Teresa Antonia Rafaela Bourbon 1726–1746 (m. 1744)
      Maria Josepha von Sachsen 1731–1767 (m. 1747)
     Siblings
      Louise Élisabeth of France 1727–1759
      Henriette of France 1727–1752
      Marie Louise of France 1728–1733
      Louis Ferdinand de Bourbon 1729–1765
      Philippe of France 1730–1733
      Marie Adélaïde of France 1732–1800
      Victoire of France 1733–1799
      Sophie of France 1734–1782
      Thérèse of France 1736–1744
      Louise Marie of France 1737–1787
     Gravesite Details His heart is buried at St Denis
     BURIAL     Saint Denis Basilique, Saint-Denis, Departement de Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France
     Created by: Goddess
     Added: 4 Oct 2009
     Find A Grave Memorial 42695231.^3,5
      ; Louis, Dauphin de Viennois, *Versailles 4.9.1729, +Fontainebleau 20.12.1765, bur Sens Cathedral; 1m: Versailles 23.2.1745 Infanta Maria Teresa of Spain (*11.6.1726 +22.7.1746); 2m: Versailles 9.2.1747 Pss Josepha of Saxony (*4.11.1731 +13.3.1767.)³

; Leo van de Pas cites: The Royal House of Stuart London, 1969,1971,1976. , A. C. Addington, Reference: page 35.⁴

     Maria Josefa (?) Princess of Poland and Saxony was born on 4 November 1731 at Dresden, Saxony, Germany (now).^2,3,4,5,6 She married Louis-Ferdinand Bourbon Dauphin de France, son of Louis XV "le Bien-Aime" (?) King of France, Duke of Anjou and Princess Maria Karolina Sophie Felicite Leszczynska of Poland, on 9 February 1747 at Versailles, France,
; his 2nd wife.^{1,2,3,4,9,5,6,10}
Maria Josefa (?) Princess of Poland and Saxony died on 13 March 1767 at Versailles, France, at age 35.^2,3,4,5,6
Maria Josefa (?) Princess of Poland and Saxony was buried after 13 March 1767 at Sens Cathedral, Sens, France.⁵
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: The Royal House of Stuart London, 1969,1971,1976. , A. C. Addington, Reference: page 77.⁶

; Josefa, *Dresden 4.11.1731, +Versailles 13.3.1767, bur Sens Cathedral; m.Versailles 9.2.1747 Louis, Dauphin de France (*1729 +1765.)⁵

     Louis XVI (?) King of France and Navarre was born on 23 August 1754 at Versailles, Departement des Yvelines, Île-de-France, France.^2,4,7 He married Marie Antoinette Josephe Johanna (?) Archduchess of Austria, daughter of Francis I (Stephen) (?) Holy Roman Emperor, Duke of Lorraine, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Maria Theresa (?) Archduchess of Austria, Queen of Bohemia & Hungary, on 16 May 1770 at Versailles, France.^1,2,4,8

Louis XVI (?) King of France and Navarre died on 21 January 1793 at Place de la Concorde, Paris, City of Paris, Île-de-France, France, at age 38; guillotined Place de la Concorde.^1,4
Louis XVI (?) King of France and Navarre was buried after 21 January 1793 at Basilique Saint-Denis, Saint-Denis, Departement de Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France (now); From Find A Grave:
     BIRTH     23 Aug 1754, Versailles, Departement des Yvelines, Île-de-France, France
     DEATH     21 Jan 1793 (aged 38), Paris, City of Paris, Île-de-France, France
     French Monarch. He succeeded his grandfather, Louis XV, as King of France on May 10, 1774 at the age of 20. He was married to the Austrian archduchess Marie Antionette in 1770. The couple had four children. Louis was a shy, dull man whose character was not suited to providing the leadership needed to control the complex social and political conflicts raging in France. He much preferred the hunting field to the council chambers, and his indecisiveness made him subject to the poor advice of councilors and family. After ineffectual attempts at fundamental government changes and several unfortunate choices in advisors, revolutionaries stormed the Bastille on July 14, 1789 and marched on Versailles in October of the same year. The royal family attempted to flee France in disguise, but were recognized. To the revolutionary government, this made the king appear guilty of treason. Louis was forced to accept the constitution of 1791 which limited his power. He urged Austria and Prussia to rescue him to no avail. The family was imprisoned in 1792, and Louis was tried and found guilty. He was guillotined on January 21, 1793 to the cheers of the crowd. Bio by: Kristen Conrad
     Family Members
     Parents
      Louis Ferdinand de Bourbon 1729–1765
      Maria Josepha von Sachsen 1731–1767
     Spouse
      Marie Antoinette 1755–1793 (m. 1770)
     Siblings
      Marie-Zéphyrine de France 1750–1755
      Louis Joseph Xavier de France 1751–1761
      Xavier Marie Joseph de France 1753–1754
      Louis XVI 1754–1793
      King Louis XVIII 1755–1824
      Charles X 1757–1836
      Marie Adélaïde Clotilde Xavière de Bourbon 1759–1802
     Half Siblings
      Marie Thérèse de France 1746–1748
     Children
      Marie-Therese-Charlotte of France 1778–1851
      Louis Joseph of France 1781–1789
      Louis XVII 1785–1795
      Louis XVII 1785–1795
      Sophie Hélène Béatrice of France 1786–1787
     BURIAL     Saint Denis Basilique, Saint-Denis, Departement de Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France
     Maintained by: Find A Grave
     Added: 31 Dec 2000
     Find A Grave Memorial 2231.^4,7
      ; King LOUIS XVI of France (1774-92), *Versailles 23.8.1754, +guillotined Place de la Concorde, Paris 21.1.1793, bur St.Denis 1815; m.Versailles 16.5.1770 Archduchess Marie Antoinette of Austria (*2.11.1755 +16.10.1793.)⁴ He was King of France between 1774 and 1792.^1,4

     Marie Antoinette Josephe Johanna (?) Archduchess of Austria was born on 2 November 1755 at Vienna, Wien Stadt, Vienna (Wien), Austria.^2,3,5 She married Louis XVI (?) King of France and Navarre, son of Louis-Ferdinand Bourbon Dauphin de France and Maria Josefa (?) Princess of Poland and Saxony, on 16 May 1770 at Versailles, France.^1,2,6,3

Marie Antoinette Josephe Johanna (?) Archduchess of Austria died on 16 October 1793 at Paris, City of Paris, Île-de-France, France (now), at age 37; executed - guillotined.^2,3,5
Marie Antoinette Josephe Johanna (?) Archduchess of Austria was buried after 16 October 1793 at Basilique Saint-Denis, Saint-Denis, Departement de Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France (now); From Find A Grave:
     BIRTH     2 Nov 1755, Vienna, Wien Stadt, Vienna (Wien), Austria
     DEATH     16 Oct 1793 (aged 37), Paris, City of Paris, Île-de-France, France
     French Monarch. Born Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna at the Hofburg Palace in Vienna, the fifteenth child and youngest daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and his wife Maria Theresa of Austria. Maria Antonia had little real education. She was flighty and read almost nothing. Maria was betrothed to the dauphin Louis, grandson of France's King Louis XV. Maria Antonia left Vienna for France in April 1770, when she was fourteen. Marie refused to involve herself in politics in France, possibly because she lacked any real knowledge or interest in it. Louis XV died of smallpox May 10, 1774 and the new king, Louis XVI, and his queen Marie Antoinette ascended the throne. In December 1778 Marie gave birth to Marie Thérèse Charlotte. The princess was followed by Louis Joseph in 1781, Louis Charles in 1785 and Sophie Béatrix in 1786. Marie became much less extravagant and was devoted to her children. She began to dress with more restraint and she refused to buy any more jewels for her personal collection. She was, however, fiercely criticised for building a small mock-village for herself at Versailles in 1786. Popular hatred against the queen accelerated rapidly after the Affair of the Diamond Necklace. In 1787, her youngest daughter, Sophie Béatrix died shortly before her first birthday. The queen was devastated. Not long after, it was found that the Dauphin Louis-Joséph, was terminally ill with tuberculosis. The child's condition deteriorated and Marie spent most of her time nursing him during his last months. He died at the age of seven. Meanwhile, revolution exploded in Paris. After the Bastille fell to the mob many courtiers fled France, Marie hoped to escape also. Louis, however, decided that they would stay at Versailles. The queen refused to leave him. A mob from Paris marched on Versailles on October 5, Marie repeated her plea that they escape. The king refused. The royal family were forced to return with the mob to Paris. They were taken to the dilapidated Tuileries Palace. By 1791 the royal family decided to escape to a royalist stronghold in the east of France. Their flight was foiled at the town of Varennes and they were forced back to Paris by local republicans. On September 21, the National Convention abolished the monarchy. The royal family were then moved to the Temple Fortress and imprisoned. Louis was tried for treason on December 11. He was condemned to death on January 17. He was allowed one last farewell supper with his family and was taken to the guillotine the next day. When Marie heard the crowds cheer his death, she collapsed. She never truly recovered from his death. She began to suffer from convulsions and fainting fits. She also lost her appetite and much weight. On July 3, 1793, commissioners arrived in the royal family's cell to remove the Dauphin from his family. He had been proclaimed Louis XVII by royalists factions and the republicans decided to hold the eight-year-old in solitary confinement. Marie shielded her son with her body, refusing to give him up. When the commissioners threatened to kill her if she did not hand the child over, she still refused. She held them off for two hours before she was forced to stand down to save the life of her daughter. She would never see him again. She was brought to trial on October 14. When she entered the courtroom, most people were shocked at her appearance. She was emaciated, prematurely aged, exhausted and care-worn. She was condemned to death on October 15. On the following morning a guard arrived to cut her hair and bind her hands. She was forced into a cart and paraded through the streets of Paris for over an hour before reaching the guillotine. At 12:15 Marie Antoinette was executed and her head exhibited to a cheering crowd. Her body was then taken and dumped in an unmarked mass grave in the Rue d'Anjou. Royalists, who saw her as a martyr, later recovered her body and reburied it in the Bourbon crypt in Paris. Bio by: Iola
     Family Members
     Parents
      Franz I. Stephan 1708–1765
      Maria Theresia 1717–1780
     Spouse
      Louis XVI 1754–1793 (m. 1770)
     Siblings
      Marie Elizabeth Habsburg 1737–1740
      Maria Anna of Habsburg-Lorraine 1738–1789
      Marie Caroline Habsburg 1740–1741
      Joseph II 1741–1790
      Maria Christine von Österreich 1742–1798
      Karl Joseph Habsburg 1745–1761
      Maria Amalia of Habsburg-Lorraine 1746–1804
      Leopold II 1747–1792
      Maria Karolina Habsburg 1748–1748
      Johanna Gabriele Habsburg 1750–1762
      Marie Josephe Habsburg 1751–1767
      Maria Carolina of Habsburg 1752–1814
      Ferdinand - Duke of Breisgau 1754–1806
      Marie Antoinette 1755–1793
      Maximilian Francis Habsburg 1756–1801
     Children
      Marie-Therese-Charlotte of France 1778–1851
      Louis Joseph of France 1781–1789
      Louis XVII 1785–1795
      Louis XVII 1785–1795
      Sophie Hélène Béatrice of France 1786–1787
     BURIAL     Saint Denis Basilique, Saint-Denis, Departement de Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France
     Maintained by: Find A Grave
     Added: 31 Dec 2000
     Find A Grave Memorial 2230.^3,5

     Louis XVIII Stansilav Xavier (?) King of France was born on 17 November 1755 at Versailles, France.^2,3 He married Maria Giuseppina Luigia/Louise (?) of Sardinia, daughter of Vittorio Amedeo III (?) Duca d'Aosta, Principe del Piemonte, King of Sardinia and Maria Antonieta Fernanda (?) Infanta of Spain, on 14 May 1771 at Versailles, France.^2,3,6

Louis XVIII Stansilav Xavier (?) King of France died on 16 September 1824 at Tuileries, Paris, City of Paris, Île-de-France, France, at age 68.^1,2,3
     He was King of France, Louis XVIII (brother of the late Louis XVI) was restored to the throne partially as the result of the failure of other candidacies. Talleyrand induced Louis and his other advisers to issue a constitution. between 1814 and 1824.^1,2,3

     Charles X Philippe (?) Cte d'Artois, King of France was born on 9 October 1757 at Versailles, Italy (now).² He married Maria Theresa (?) of Savoy, daughter of Vittorio Amedeo III (?) Duca d'Aosta, Principe del Piemonte, King of Sardinia and Maria Antonieta Fernanda (?) Infanta of Spain, on 16 November 1773 at Versailles, Austria.^1,6,2,3
Charles X Philippe (?) Cte d'Artois, King of France and Maria Theresa (?) of Savoy were divorced in 1789; separated.²
Charles X Philippe (?) Cte d'Artois, King of France was buried after 6 August 1836 at Castagnavizza .²
Charles X Philippe (?) Cte d'Artois, King of France died on 6 November 1836 at Gorz/Schloss Graffenberg, Austria, at age 79.^1,2
     He was King of France between 1824 and 1830.^1,2 He was abdicated on 2 August 1830.²

     Heinrich (?) Duke of Modling was born in 1158.^1,2 He married Richza/Rixa (?) of Bohemia, daughter of Vladislav/Wladislaw II (?) King of Bohemia and Jutta/Judith (?) of Thuringia, in 1177 at Eger, Hungary,
; Genealogy.EU (Babenberg page) says m. 1179.^1,2,6
Heinrich (?) Duke of Modling died on 19 January 1223.^1,2
     He was Duke of Mödling.^1,2

     Louis XIX (?) King of France, Duc d'Angoulême, Dauphin de Viennois was born on 6 August 1775 at Versailles, France.^2,3 He married Marie Therese Charlotte (?) of France, Cts de Marnes, daughter of Louis XVI (?) King of France and Navarre and Marie Antoinette Josephe Johanna (?) Archduchess of Austria, on 10 June 1799 at Mittau, Courland, Latvia (now).^1,2,3

Louis XIX (?) King of France, Duc d'Angoulême, Dauphin de Viennois died on 3 June 1844 at Gorz at age 68; died without issue.^1,3
Louis XIX (?) King of France, Duc d'Angoulême, Dauphin de Viennois was buried after 3 June 1844 at Castagnavizza .³
     He was Duke of Angoulême.² He was Dauphin of France between 1824 and 1830.² He was King of France, he was king momentarily immediately after the abdication of his father until, moments later, he abdicated in favor of his nephew, Henri on 2 August 1830.³ He was Count of Marnes in 1836.²

     Charles Ferdinand (?) Duc de Berry was born on 24 January 1778 at Versailles, France.^2,3 He married Amy Brown, daughter of John Brown, in 1806
; his 1st wife.² Charles Ferdinand (?) Duc de Berry and Amy Brown were divorced in 1815.² Charles Ferdinand (?) Duc de Berry married Maria Carolina de Bourbon Princess of Two Sicilies, daughter of Francesco I (?) Duca di Calabria, King of the Two Sicilies, on 17 June 1816 at Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris, City of Paris, Île-de-France, France.^1,2,3

Charles Ferdinand (?) Duc de Berry died on 14 February 1820 at age 42; murdered.^2,1,3

     Maria Carolina de Bourbon Princess of Two Sicilies was born on 5 November 1798 at Naples, Città Metropolitana di Napoli, Campania, Italy (now).^2,3 She married Charles Ferdinand (?) Duc de Berry, son of Charles X Philippe (?) Cte d'Artois, King of France and Maria Theresa (?) of Savoy, on 17 June 1816 at Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris, City of Paris, Île-de-France, France.^1,2,3

Maria Carolina de Bourbon Princess of Two Sicilies died on 17 April 1870 at Schloß Brunnsee at age 71.^2,3

     Henri V Charles Ferdinand Marie Dieudonné (?) Cte de Chambord, Duc de Bordeaux was born on 29 September 1820 at Tuileries, Paris, City of Paris, Île-de-France, France.^1,2 He married Maria Theresa Beatrice Gaëtane (?) Archduchess of Austria, daughter of Francesco IV Joseph Karl Ambrosius Stanislaus (?) Archduke of Austria-Este, Duke of Modena and Maria Beatrice Vittorioa Giuseppina (?) Princess of Savoy, on 16 November 1846 at Bruck an der Mur, Austria.^1,2

Henri V Charles Ferdinand Marie Dieudonné (?) Cte de Chambord, Duc de Bordeaux died on 24 August 1883 at Schloß Frohsdorf at age 62; died without issue.^1,3,2
Henri V Charles Ferdinand Marie Dieudonné (?) Cte de Chambord, Duc de Bordeaux was buried after 24 August 1883 at Castagnavizza .²
      ; HENRI V Charles Ferdinand Marie Dieudonné, Duc de Bordeaux, Cte de Chambord, he succeeded his uncle and grandfather on 2.8.1830 but fled the country 18.8.1830, *Tuileries 29.9.1820, +Schloß Frohsdorf 24.8.1883, bur Castagnavizza; m.Brück an der Mur 16.11.1846 *[53857] Archduchess Marie Therese of Austria (*14.7.1817 +25.3.1886); Henri was the last male descendant of Louis XV. Since his death legitimists have been divided about who should been as legitimate pretender to the throne. Most support the Cte de Paris, but the senior male heir by primogeniture is Infant Luis Alfonso of Spain, Duc de Touraine.²

     Louis XVII Charles (?) (titular) King of France was born on 27 March 1785 at Versailles, France.^2,3
Louis XVII Charles (?) (titular) King of France died on 8 June 1795 at age 10.^2,3
Louis XVII Charles (?) (titular) King of France was buried after 8 June 1795 at Friedhof .³
     He was titular King of France between 1793 and 1795.²

     Marie Therese Charlotte (?) of France, Cts de Marnes was born on 19 December 1778 at Versailles, France.^2,3 She married Louis XIX (?) King of France, Duc d'Angoulême, Dauphin de Viennois, son of Charles X Philippe (?) Cte d'Artois, King of France and Maria Theresa (?) of Savoy, on 10 June 1799 at Mittau, Courland, Latvia (now).^1,2,3

Marie Therese Charlotte (?) of France, Cts de Marnes died on 19 October 1851 at Schloß Frohsdorf at age 72.^2,3

     Friedrich III-I Wilhelm (?) Elector of Brandenburg, King of Prussia was born on 11 July 1657 at Königsberg, East Prussia, Russia (now).^5,2,3 He married Elizabeth Henriette (?) Landgravine of Hesse Cassel, daughter of Wilhelm VI (?) Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Hedwig Sophia (?) of Prussia, on 23 August 1679 at Potsdam, Germany (now),
; his 1st wife.^2,3,4 Friedrich III-I Wilhelm (?) Elector of Brandenburg, King of Prussia married Sophia Charlotte (?) Princess von Hannover, Dss von Braunschweig-Lüneburg, daughter of Ernst Augustus I (?) Elector of Hanover, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Sophia (?) Princess von der Pfalz, Pfgfn von Simmern, Herzogin von Bayern, Pfalzgräfin am Rhein, on 8 October 1684 at Herrenhausen, Germany (now),
; his 2nd wife.^{6,7,2,3,8,9,4} Friedrich III-I Wilhelm (?) Elector of Brandenburg, King of Prussia married Sophia Louise (?) Dss von Mecklenburg-Schwerin, daughter of Frederick (?) Duke of Mecklenberg-Schwerin, on 28 November 1708 at Oranienburg, Berlin, Saxony, Germany (now),
; his 3rd wife.^2,3,4
Friedrich III-I Wilhelm (?) Elector of Brandenburg, King of Prussia died on 25 February 1713 at Berlin, Saxony, Germany (now), at age 55.^1,2,3
      ; per Leo van de Pas: " He received his education from Eberhard von Danckelmann. After the premature death of his first wife, Landgräfin Elisabeth Henriette von Hessen-Kassel, he married Princess Sophie Charlotte of Hanover and by her fathered his successor.

In 1688 he succeeded his father and became Elector of Brandenburg. He was less dynamic than his father but still continued the build-up of Brandenburg-Prussia as a European power. Deeply religious, but physically and mentally unimpressive, he was determined to obtain the title of king. However, Emperor Leopold I witheld his consent, until he required Friedrich's support in the War of the Spanish Succession (1702-1714).

Friedrich preferred to leave the administration of his lands to others, first to his old tutor von Danckelmann (1688-1697) and later to Count Kolbe von Wartenberg (1697-1711). The latter was a flatterer and encouraged Friedrich's extravagances, lined his own pockets and left in turn the work to his Secretary of State.

In November 1700 Friedrich promised 8,000 soldiers and diplomatic support and in return he was allowed to crown himself as King 'in' Prussia, which he did in January 1701. He was said to be civilized, with a love of art, yet somewhat absurd. With the newest kingdom in Europe as well as the least important, he copied Louis XIV of France even to the point of appointing a mistress, a title most probably a nominal rather than an actual one as he preferred his wife by far. According to this wife, his second, his time was taken up with the 'infinitely little'; he overspent not only on pomp and display but also on new buildings and palaces at Berlin, Charlottenburg and Potsdam.

As well, he built the University of Halle (1694), the Academy of Arts (1696) and the Academy of Sciences (1701); but these had been built at the urgings of his wife. The population rose and the royal income doubled. The standing army increased from 30,000 to 50,000. In 1702 the Supreme Court of Appeal was established in Berlin and no more appeals to the Holy Roman Empire were allowed. Education was fostered and Brandenburg-Prussia enjoyed a reputation for religious toleration.

After he lost his first two grandsons, he hoped to secure his house and, as a widower, he decided to marry again. It turned out to be a failure as his daughter-in-law was to produce another eleven children while he himself, at fifty years of age, was incapable of making love to his new wife, Sofie Luise, who having gone mad, appeared one night in his room in her underclothes. Not recognising the apparition, he presumed it to be a mythological White Lady supposed to appear whenever a Hohenzollern was about to die. 'Weisse Frau,' he cried then fell unconscious to die a few days later. Sofie Luise, a rather expensive lunatic, lived on for another twenty-two years."⁴

; Friedrich I Wilhelm, Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia 29.4.1688, became FRIEDRICH I, King in Prussia 18.1.1701, the title king "in" prussia was taken because the emperor would allow no other kings inside the empire, so King "of" Brandenburg was out, and parts of Prussia were still in Polish hands; the "in" was dropped in favor of "of" not long thereafter, *Königsberg 11.7.1657, +Berlin 25.2.1713; 1m: Potsdam 23.8.1679 Elisabeth Henriette, Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel (*Kassel 8.11.1661 +Berlin 27.6.1683); 2m: Herrenhausen 8.10.1684 Sophie Charlotte, Dss von Braunschweig-Lüneburg (*Schloss Iburg 10.10.1668 +Hannover 1.2.1705); 3m: Berlin 1708 Dss Sofie Luise von Mecklenburg-Schwerin (*Grabow 1685, +Schwerin 1735, bur there.)³

; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: vol I page 63
2. The Royal House of Stuart London, 1969,1971,1976. , A. C. Addington, Reference: page 209.⁴ He was Elector of Brandenburg between 1688 and 1701.^2,4 He was King of Prussia between 1701 and 1713.^6,4

     Sophia Charlotte (?) Princess von Hannover, Dss von Braunschweig-Lüneburg was born on 20 October 1668 at Schloß Iburg, Hanover, Germany (now); Ashley (p. 648) says b. 1658; Louda & Maclagan say b. 1668; Genealogy.EU (Hohenzollern 3 page) says b. 10 Oct 1668; Welf 7 page says b. 2.10.1662; Leo van de Pas says b. 20 Oct 1668.^5,6,2,3,4 She married Friedrich III-I Wilhelm (?) Elector of Brandenburg, King of Prussia, son of Friedrich Wilhelm "der Grosse" (?) Elector of Brandenburg and Princess Louise Henrietta (?) of Orange-Nassau, on 8 October 1684 at Herrenhausen, Germany (now),
; his 2nd wife.^{1,6,9,2,3,4,10}
Sophia Charlotte (?) Princess von Hannover, Dss von Braunschweig-Lüneburg died on 1 February 1705 at Hanover, Stadtkreis Braunschweig, Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen), Germany (now), at age 36.^5,6,2,3,4
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. Burke's Guide to the Royal Family London, 1973 , Reference: page 207.
2. The Royal House of Stuart London, 1969,1971,1976. , A. C. Addington, Reference: I 6.⁴

; per Leo van de Pas: "She was charming, clever, musical and a friend of Leibnitz. In the summer of 1684, the Elector of Brandenburg asked for her hand on his son's behalf, and whom she married in 8 October 1684.

In 1687, Sophia Dorothea and her husband went to visit her home-land; but the visit seemed to have been inspired by fear for his step-mother, considered to be the wicked step-mother personified; and when Ludwig, his younger brother, died after eating an orange in her apartment, the step-mother was suspected of having had him poisoned. Sophia Dorothea and Friedrich immediately left, for after all only Friedrich's life stood between the crown of Brandenburg and the step-mother's sons. The Elector, his father, was furious and ordered them home. After two short-lived sons, an heir, Friedrich Wilhelm I, was born on 14 August 1688.

In 1692, 'Figuelotte', as she was called, became aware of her brother, Max, intending to oust the Government of Hanover as their father had refused him the inheritance he expected. In November 1692 she warned her father and, on 5 December, her brother was arrested together with the co-conspirators, the Moltke's and Blume, who confessed to a good deal more than what Figuelotte had known.

Her husband, Friedrich I, had a great trust in her, to the point of many people suspecting that she wanted to rule him. In 1699, Leibnitz was officially invited to Berlin where he became the first president of the Berlin Academy of Sciences. And on the 18 January 1701, Figuelotte's husband, having been Elector since 1688, became King in Prussia. Figuelotte looked quite splendid for their coronation; but when, during the long ceremony, she took some snuff, she received a note from her husband, 'Madame, remember where and who you are'.

However, being Queen did not last long for her as she died four years later. At the end of her life there had been a diplomatic quarrel between Berlin and Hanover which prevented her from seeing her mother. Also at this time, her husband officially appointed Madame von Wartenberg as his maitresse-en-titre. Even though it was only an empty title, Madame von Wartenberg amassed a fortune and was disliked by Figuelotte, who, when forced to be in Madame's presence, would address her in French, a language Madame did not comprehend.

Together with a small retinue, Figuelotte went to visit her mother who, however, was ill and unable to attend the ball given in Figuelotte's honour. As well, Figuelotte herself became ill and took to her bed. On 1st February 1705, her mother wrote to Figuelotte's husband informing him that she had been bled to ease her breathing and was now out of danger. However, that very evening she died."⁴

     Friedrich II "the Great" (?) King of Prussia was born on 24 January 1712 at Berlin, Saxony, Germany (now).^2,3 He married Elizabeth Christina (?) Duchess von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, daughter of Ferdinand Albrecht II (?) Duke of Brunschweig-Wolfenbütel, on 12 June 1733 at Schloß Salzdalum, near Wolfenbüttel, Germany (now).^1,2,3

Friedrich II "the Great" (?) King of Prussia died on 17 August 1786 at Potsdam, Germany (now), at age 74.^1,2,3
      ; King FRIEDRICH II "der Grosse" of Prussia (1740-86), *Berlin 24.1.1712, +Potsdam 17.8.1786; m.Schloss Salzdalum, nr Wolfenbüttel 12.6.1733 Elisabeth, Dss of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (*Wolfenbüttel 8.11.1715, +Berlin 13.1.1797.)³ He was King of Prussia between 1740 and 1786.^1,2,3

     Elizabeth Christina (?) Duchess von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel was born on 8 November 1715 at Wolfenbüttel, Germany (now).^2,3 She married Friedrich II "the Great" (?) King of Prussia, son of Friedrich Wilhelm I (?) King of Prussia and Princess Sophia Dorothea (?) of Great Britain, on 12 June 1733 at Schloß Salzdalum, near Wolfenbüttel, Germany (now).^1,2,3

Elizabeth Christina (?) Duchess von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel died on 13 January 1797 at Berlin, Saxony, Germany (now), at age 81.^2,3

     James Williams married Grace Fleming.¹
James Williams was born circa 1740.¹
James Williams died in 1790.¹

     William Furness married Sarah Williams, daughter of Jacob Williams and Mary Strawbridge.¹

William Furness died in December 1774.²