Person Page - 1806

     Johann I (?) Margrave of Kustrin, Hr der Neumark was born on 3 August 1513 at Tangermünde, Brandenburg, Germany (now).^1,2 He married Katharina (?) Duchess von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, daughter of Heinrich II (?) Duke of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel and Marie (?) von Württemberg, on 31 December 1537 at Wolfenbüttel, Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen), Germany (now).^1,2

Johann I (?) Margrave of Kustrin, Hr der Neumark died on 31 January 1571 at Küstrin, Germany (now), at age 57.^1,2
     He was Margrave of Küstrin.¹

; Johann, Margrave of Küstrin, Hr der Neumark, *Tangermünde 3.8.1513, +Küstrin 13.1.1571, bur there; m.Wolfenbüttel 31.12.1537 Dss Katharina von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (*Wolfenbüttel 1518, +Krosen a.d.O. 16.5.1574.)²

     Katharina (?) Duchess von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel was born in 1518 at Wolfenbüttel, Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen), Germany (now).^1,2 She married Johann I (?) Margrave of Kustrin, Hr der Neumark, son of Joachim I Nestor (?) Elector of Brandenburg and Elizabeth (?) Princess of Denmark, on 31 December 1537 at Wolfenbüttel, Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen), Germany (now).^1,2

Katharina (?) Duchess von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel died on 16 May 1574 at Krosen a.d. O.^1,2

     Heinrich II (?) Duke of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel was born on 10 November 1489.³ He married Marie (?) von Württemberg, daughter of Heinrich (?) Graf von Württemberg-Mömpelgard and Eva (?) Gfn von Obersalm, on 1 January 1515 at Wolfenbüttel, Germany (now),
; Leo van de Pas says m. 1 Jan 1515; Wurtt 3 page says m. 18.2.1515.^4,3,5
Heinrich II (?) Duke of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel died on 11 June 1568 at Wolfenbüttel, Germany (now), at age 78.³
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: vol I page 70
2. The Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales Edinburgh, 1977., Gerald Paget, Reference: page 234.³ He was Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.^1,3

     Louise Charlotte (?) von Brandenburg was born on 13 September 1617 at Berlin, Saxony, Germany (now).^1,2 She married Jakob (?) Duke of Courland and Livonia on 9 October 1645 at Königsberg, East Prussia, Russia (now).^1,2,3

Louise Charlotte (?) von Brandenburg died on 29 August 1676 at Mitau at age 58.^1,2

     Jakob (?) Duke of Courland and Livonia was born on 7 November 1610 at Goldingen.^3,2 He married Louise Charlotte (?) von Brandenburg, daughter of Georg Wilhelm (?) Elector of Brandenburg and Elizabeth Charlotte (?) Pfgfn von Simmern, on 9 October 1645 at Königsberg, East Prussia, Russia (now).^3,4,2

Jakob (?) Duke of Courland and Livonia died in 1681/82 at Mitau; Genealogy.EU (Kettler page) says d. 31/12/1681-1/1/1682.^3,2
     Jakob (?) Duke of Courland and Livonia was also known as James (?) Duke of Kurland.^3,2

     Hedwig Sophia (?) of Prussia was born on 4 July 1623 at Berlin, Saxony, Germany (now).^1,2 She married Wilhelm VI (?) Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel on 9 July 1649 at Köln an der Spree, Germany (now).^1,2,3

Hedwig Sophia (?) of Prussia died on 16 June 1683 at Schmalkalden, Germany (now), at age 59.^1,2

     Wilhelm VI (?) Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel was born on 23 May 1629 at Kassel, Hesse, Germany (now).^1,2,4 He married Hedwig Sophia (?) of Prussia, daughter of Georg Wilhelm (?) Elector of Brandenburg and Elizabeth Charlotte (?) Pfgfn von Simmern, on 9 July 1649 at Köln an der Spree, Germany (now).^1,2,4

Wilhelm VI (?) Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel died on 16 July 1663 at Haina, Germany (now), at age 34.^1,2,4
      ; Ldgve Wilhelm VI of Hesse-Kassel (1637-63), *Kassel 23.5.1629, +Haina 16.7.1663; m.Köln an der Spree 9/19.7.1649 Hedwig Sophie of Brandenburg (*Berlin 4.7.1623, +Schmalkalden 16.6.1683.)⁴ He was Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel between 1637 and 1663.⁴

     Friedrich Wilhelm "der Grosse" (?) Elector of Brandenburg was born on 16 February 1620 at Köln an der Spree, Germany (now).^1,2 He married Princess Louise Henrietta (?) of Orange-Nassau, daughter of Frederick Henry (?) Prince of Orange, on 7 December 1646 at The Hague, Netherlands (now),
; his 1st wife.^1,2 Friedrich Wilhelm "der Grosse" (?) Elector of Brandenburg married Dorothea (?) Pss von Holstein-Sonderburg- Glücksburg, daughter of Philip (?) Duke of Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and Sophie Hedwig (?) Duchess of Saxe-Lauenburg, Duchess of Saxony, on 13 June 1668 at Schloß Gröningen, Germany (now),
; his 2nd wife; her 2nd husband.^1,2,3
Friedrich Wilhelm "der Grosse" (?) Elector of Brandenburg died on 29 April 1688 at Potsdam, Germany (now), at age 68.^1,2
      ; Friedrich Wilhelm "der Grosse", Elector of Brandenburg (1640-88), *Köln a.d.Spree 16.2.1620, +Potsdam Schloss 29.4.1688, bur Berlin Dom; during his reign he acquired much more territory including Pomerania and Polish parts of Prussia; 1m: The Hague 7.12.1646 Pss Luise Henriette of Orange-Nassau (*Hague 27.11.1627 +Berlin 6.6.1667); 2m: Schloss Gröningen 13.6.1668 Pss Dorothea of Holstein-Glücksburg (*3.3.1636 +6.8.1689.)² He was Elector of Brandenburg between 1640 and 1688.^1,2

     Princess Louise Henrietta (?) of Orange-Nassau was born on 27 November 1627 at The Hague, Netherlands (now).^1,2 She married Friedrich Wilhelm "der Grosse" (?) Elector of Brandenburg, son of Georg Wilhelm (?) Elector of Brandenburg and Elizabeth Charlotte (?) Pfgfn von Simmern, on 7 December 1646 at The Hague, Netherlands (now),
; his 1st wife.^1,2
Princess Louise Henrietta (?) of Orange-Nassau died on 6 June 1667 at Berlin, Saxony, Germany (now), at age 39.^1,2

     Caecilie (?) Markgräfin von Brandenburg was born circa 1405.¹ She married Wilhelm I 'the Victorious' (?) Duke von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, son of Heinrich II (?) Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg and Sofie (?) von Pommern, on 30 May 1423 at Berlin, Saxony, Germany (now).^2,1

Caecilie (?) Markgräfin von Brandenburg died on 4 January 1449.¹
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. The Royal House of Stuart London, 1969,1971,1976. , A. C. Addington, Reference: vol III page 108
2. Nachkommen Gorms des Alten 1978. , S. Otto Brenner, Reference: nr 2890
3. The Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales Edinburgh, 1977., Gerald Paget, Reference: ancestor P 2218.¹

     Philip (?) Duke of Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg was born on 15 March 1584 at Sonderburg, Denmark (now).^2,3 He married Sophie Hedwig (?) Duchess of Saxe-Lauenburg, Duchess of Saxony, daughter of Franz II (?) Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg and Marie (?) Duchess von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, on 23 May 1624 at Neuhaus, Germany (now).^4,2,3

Philip (?) Duke of Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg died on 27 September 1663 at Glücksburg, Germany (now), at age 79.^2,3
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: vol I page 93
2. Ancestors Juliana, Q. of The Netherlands Jaarboek Centraal Bureau Genealogie Den Haag, Reference: ancestor 882.² He was Duke von Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg between 1622 and 1663.^1,2

     Elizabeth Henriette (?) Landgravine of Hesse Cassel was born on 8 November 1661 at Kassel, Hesse, Germany (now).^1,2 She married Friedrich III-I Wilhelm (?) Elector of Brandenburg, King of Prussia, son of Friedrich Wilhelm "der Grosse" (?) Elector of Brandenburg and Princess Louise Henrietta (?) of Orange-Nassau, on 23 August 1679 at Potsdam, Germany (now),
; his 1st wife.^1,2,3
Elizabeth Henriette (?) Landgravine of Hesse Cassel died on 27 June 1683 at Berlin, Saxony, Germany (now), at age 21.^1,2

     Sophia Louise (?) Dss von Mecklenburg-Schwerin was born in 1685 at Grabow, Germany (now).^1,2 She married Friedrich III-I Wilhelm (?) Elector of Brandenburg, King of Prussia, son of Friedrich Wilhelm "der Grosse" (?) Elector of Brandenburg and Princess Louise Henrietta (?) of Orange-Nassau, on 28 November 1708 at Oranienburg, Berlin, Saxony, Germany (now),
; his 3rd wife.^1,2,3
Sophia Louise (?) Dss von Mecklenburg-Schwerin died in 1735 at Schwerin, Germany (now).^1,2

     Frederick (?) Duke of Mecklenberg-Schwerin was Duke of Mecklenberg-Schwerin.¹

     Louise Dorothea Sophie (?) Princess of Prussia was born on 29 September 1680 at Berlin, Saxony, Germany (now).^1,2 She married Friedrich I (?) Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel on 31 May 1700 at Berlin, Saxony, Germany (now).^1,2

Louise Dorothea Sophie (?) Princess of Prussia died on 23 December 1705 at Kassel, Hesse, Germany (now), at age 25.^1,2
      ; LUISE Dorothea Sophie, *Berlin 29.9.1680, +Kassel 23.12.1705, bur there; m.Berlin 31.5.1700 Ldgve Friedrich I of Hesse-Kassel (*Kassel 23.4.1676, +Stockholm 5.4.1751.)²

     Friedrich I (?) Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel was born on 23 April 1676 at Kassel, Hesse, Germany (now).^1,2 He married Louise Dorothea Sophie (?) Princess of Prussia, daughter of Friedrich III-I Wilhelm (?) Elector of Brandenburg, King of Prussia and Elizabeth Henriette (?) Landgravine of Hesse Cassel, on 31 May 1700 at Berlin, Saxony, Germany (now).^1,2

Friedrich I (?) Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel died on 5 April 1751 at Stockholm, Sweden, at age 74.^1,2

     Elisabeth Christina Ulrica (?) Princess of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel was born on 8 November 1746 at Wolfenbüttel, Germany (now).^1,2,3 She married Friedrich Wilhelm II (?) King of Prussia, Elector of Brandenburg, son of Augustus Wilhelm (?) Prince of Prussia and Luise Amalie (?) Princess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, on 14 July 1765 at Charlottenburg, Germany (now),
; his 1st wife.^1,6,2,3 Elisabeth Christina Ulrica (?) Princess of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel and Friedrich Wilhelm II (?) King of Prussia, Elector of Brandenburg were divorced in 1769.^1,6
Elisabeth Christina Ulrica (?) Princess of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel died on 18 February 1840 at Friedrichsgnade (nr Stettin at age 93.^1,2,3
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. The Royal House of Stuart London, 1969,1971,1976. , A. C. Addington, Reference: page 215
2. L'Allemagne dynastique , Huberty, Giraud, Magdelaine, Reference: vol III page 112.²

; Elisabeth, *Wolfenbüttel 8.11.1746, +Friedrichsgnade bei Stettin 18.2.1840; m.Charlottenburg 14.7.1765 (div 1769) Pr Friedrich Wilhelm of Prussia [later, King Friedrich Wilhelm II].³

     Emich Carl (?) Fürst zu Leiningen was born on 27 September 1763 at Dürckheim, Germany (now).¹ He married Maria Louisa Victoria (?) Princess of Saxe-Coburg & Saalfeld, Duchess of Saxony, daughter of Franz I Friedrich Anton (?) Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Duke of Saxony and Augusta Caroline Sophia (?) Gräfin Reuss zu Lobenstein-Ebersdorf, on 21 December 1803 at Coburg, Germany (now),
; her 1st husband; his 2nd wife.^1,2
Emich Carl (?) Fürst zu Leiningen died on 4 July 1814 at Amorbach, Germany (now), at age 50.¹

     Eléonore Desmier d'Olbreus, Frau von Harburg, Gfn von Wilhelmsburg, Dss of Braunschweig u.Lüneburg was born on 13 January 1637 at Olbreuse; Louda & Maclagan Table 84 says b. 1639; Welf 7 page says b. Jan 1639; Leo van de Pas says b. 13 Jan 1637.^1,2,3 She married Georg II Wilhelm (?) Duke zu Kalenberg, Zelle and Dannenberg, son of Georg (?) Duke von Braunschweig-Lüneburg zu Kalenberg and Anne Eleanor (?) Landgräfin von Hessen-Darmstadt, on 15 September 1665 at Celle, Germany (now),
; Louda & Maclagan Table 85 says m. 1664; Welf 7 page says m. 2/12.4.1665; Leo van de Pas says m. 15 Sep 1665.^1,2,6,3
Eléonore Desmier d'Olbreus, Frau von Harburg, Gfn von Wilhelmsburg, Dss of Braunschweig u.Lüneburg died on 5 February 1722 at age 85; Louda & Maclagan Table 84 says d. 1723; Welf 7 page says d. 5.2.1722; Leo van de Pas says d. 5 Feb 1722.^1,2,3
      ; per Leo van de Pas: "She belonged to an impoverished Huguenot family, one of the minor nobility of France. The Princesse de Tarente offered her a post in her household and, with her beauty and grace, Eléonore was much admired. With the Prince de Tarente and his family she went to Holland where she met Georg Wilhelm, Duke of Brunswick.

Georg Wilhelm was thirteen years older and with a reputation of being unreliable, irresponsible and the last man in the world to have honourable intentions. However, he gave her jewels, proposals and invited her to join him in Germany to attend his brother's funeral. She followed him to Iburg where Georg Wilhelm's family received her kindly.

Eléonore behaved with decorum and modesty and Georg Wilhelm, wildly in love, did not wait to bury his brother before entering into a 'marriage de conscience' with her. A contract was drawn up, giving her an annual income, and this contract was signed by Georg Wilhelm, his brother Ernst August, Ernst August's wife, and Eléonore who regarded herself to be 'a wife in the eyes of God' and became known as 'Frau von Harburg'. A year later the cordiality with her in-laws soured when she, being pregnant, tried to legalise her relationship with Georg Wilhelm. Her influence on Georg Wilhelm surpassed all expectations, as did the couple's mutual caresses, which were and remained 'forts violents'. In September 1666 Eléonore gave birth to a daughter, Sophia Dorothea, and almost died of it. However, she recovered but was 'all skin and bone' and, apparently, never regained her former beauty, but Georg Wilhelm remained devoted to her.

On 22 July 1674 the Emperor created her Countess von Wilhelmsburg and, after a second marriage ceremony on 20 December 1675, from 24 April 1676 onwards she was regarded to be Duchess of Brunswick-Celle. In Paris Eléonore had an elaborate family-tree drawn up which cost her thousands but linked her with Hughes Capet, King of France. Her sister-in-law, Sophie, maintained she was tempted to have one done for her chambermaid.

Anton Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, who had supported Eléonore's quest for legitimacy, offered his eldest son as a husband for Sophia Dorothea who, legitimised, would be a very wealthy heiress. Once the engagement was accomplished, Eléonore announced that she was again pregnant, and this time the child would be undoubtedly legitimate. However, three months after the engagement the young Duke died on the battlefield and the new baby, a girl, followed 'the long line of her little sisters into a better world'.

Anton Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, who had done so much to legitimise Eléonore's marriage and child, then proposed his second son as a husband for Eléonore's daughter. However, Eléonore didn't think him good enough and announced that another cousin, Prince George of Denmark, had offered for her daughter's hand. However, the Danish Queen was quick in denying this story. It was Georg Ludwig, the future George I, King of Great Britain, who married Sophia Dorothea. According to George's mother, 'he would marry a cripple if it were to benefit 'la maison'.'

After Eléonore had become the grandmother of two, the marriage failed when Sophia Dorothea fell in love with Count von Königsmarck. Eléonore endeavoured to obtain a separation for which she tried to raise money, but Georg Ludwig refused. On 15 July 1694 Königsmarck disappeared, probably murdered, and a few days later Sophia Dorothea was placed under arrest and removed to Hannover. For the rest of her life Sophia Dorothea was locked up in the Castle of Ahlden and Eléonore, who visited her occasionally, was to be the only family member she would see during the rest of her life."³

; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: vol I page 74.
2. Ancestors Juliana, Q. of The Netherlands Jaarboek Centraal Bureau Genealogie Den Haag, Reference: ancestor 583.³

     Alexander Desmier Desmier Sire d'Olbreuse was born before 13 February 1608 at France.² He was christened on 13 February 1608 at La Rochelle, France.² He married Jacquette Poussard de Vendré on 16 September 1631.^3,2

Alexander Desmier Desmier Sire d'Olbreuse died in 1660 at Medoc, France.²
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: Ancestors Juliana, Q. of The Netherlands Jaarboek Centraal Bureau Genealogie Den Haag, Reference: 1166.²

     Franz August Karl ALBERT Emanuel (?) Prince of Saxe-Coburg & Gotha, Prince Consort of Great Britain and Ireland was born on 26 August 1819 at Schloß Rosenau, Germany (now).^1,2,3 He married Victoria (Alexandrina) (?) Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, daughter of Edward Augustus (?) Duke of Kent, Prince of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Luneburg, KG and Maria Louisa Victoria (?) Princess of Saxe-Coburg & Saalfeld, Duchess of Saxony, on 10 February 1840 at St. Jame's Palace, London, City of London, Greater London, England.^1,6,2,7,3

Franz August Karl ALBERT Emanuel (?) Prince of Saxe-Coburg & Gotha, Prince Consort of Great Britain and Ireland died on 14 December 1861 at Windsor Castle, Windsor, Windsor and Maidenhead Royal Borough, Berkshire, England, at age 42.^1,2,3
      ; per Leo van de Pas: "Having lost his mother at an early age, he remained close to his only brother. Educated at Brussels and Bonn, he remained devoted to the provincial life of his early years. His political mentor, Baron Stockmar, remained with him when he went to England, though it remains doubtful whether Albert realised the opportunism underlying the ostensibly high principals of this mentor.

He was a willing party when his cousin, Queen Victoria, proposed the marriage which took place in 1840. In 1842 he was made Consort and in 1857 Prince Consort. Ministerial distrust and public misgiving obstructed his interference in politics, even though his council was invariably found to be temperate and often far-sighted. Encouraging the arts and promoting both social and industrial reforms, it was mainly due to him that the Great Exhibition of 1851 took place."³

; Franz August Karl ALBERT Emanuel, "Royal Highness" 6.2.1840, cr Pr Consort of Great Britain and Ireland 26.6.1857, *Schloß Rosenau 26.8.1819, +Windsor Castle 14.12.1861; m.St.James's Palace 10.2.1840 Queen Victoria of Great Britain and Ireland (*24.5.1819 +22.1.1901); for his issue see http://genealogy.euweb.cz/wettin/wettin9.html.²

; Leo van de Pas cites: The Royal House of Stuart London, 1969,1971,1976. , A. C. Addington.³

     George IV (?) King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover was born on 12 August 1762 at St. Jame's Palace, London, City of London, Greater London, England.^1,2,3 He married Mary Anne Smythe on 21 December 1785 at London, City of London, Greater London, England,
; married in contravention of the Royal Marriages Act and was considered legally void abinitio in 1795.^2,3 George IV (?) King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover married Karoline Amalie Elisabeth (?) Dss von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, daughter of Karl II Wilhelm Ferdinand (?) Duke von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel and Augusta (?) Princess of Great Britain and Ireland, on 8 April 1795 at St. Jame's Palace, London, City of London, Greater London, England.^1,2,3,6

George IV (?) King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover died on 26 June 1830 at Windsor Castle, Windsor, Windsor and Maidenhead Royal Borough, Berkshire, England, at age 67.^1,2,3
     He was Duke von Braunschweig-Lüneburg.²

; GEORGE IV Augustus Frederick, King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover (1820-30), Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, *St.James's Palace 12.8.1762, +Windsor Castle 26.6.1830; 1m: (in contravention of the Royal Marriages Act and was considered legally void abinitio in 1795) London 21.12.1785 Mary Anne Smythe, Mrs.Fitzherbert (*1756 +1837); 2m: St.James's Palace 8.4.1795 Dss Karoline of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (*Wolfenbüttel 17.5.1768, +Brandenburg House 7.8.1821.)²

; Leo van de Pas cites: The Royal House of Stuart London, 1969,1971,1976. , A. C. Addington.³ He was King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover between 1820 and 1830.^1,2,3

     Karoline Amalie Elisabeth (?) Dss von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel was born on 17 May 1768 at Wolfenbüttel, Germany (now).^1,2,3 She married George IV (?) King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover, son of George III (?) King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover and Charlotte Sophie (?) Dss von Mecklenburg-Strelitz, on 8 April 1795 at St. Jame's Palace, London, City of London, Greater London, England.^1,2,6,3

Karoline Amalie Elisabeth (?) Dss von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel died on 7 August 1821 at Brandenburg House, London, City of London, Greater London, England, at age 53.^1,2,3
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. The Royal House of Stuart London, 1969,1971,1976. , A. C. Addington, Reference: page 210
2. L'Allemagne dynastique , Huberty, Giraud, Magdelaine, Reference: vol III page 129.³

     Frederick Augustus (?) Duke of York and Albany was born on 16 August 1763 at Buckingham House, London, City of London, Greater London, England.^1,2,3 He married Friederike Charlotte Ulrike Katharine (?) Princess of Prussia, daughter of Friedrich Wilhelm II (?) King of Prussia, Elector of Brandenburg and Elisabeth Christina Ulrica (?) Princess of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel, on 29 September 1791 at Berlin, Prussia, Germany (now).^6,1,2,3,7

Frederick Augustus (?) Duke of York and Albany died on 5 January 1827 at Rutland House, England, at age 63.^1,2,3
      ; Frederick Augustus, Duke of York and Albany, etc, Prince-Bishop of Osnabrück, *Buckingham House 16.8.1763, +Rutland House 5.1.1827; m.Berlin 29.9.1791 and in London 24.11.1791 Pss Friederike of Prussia (*Potsdam 7.5.1767, +Oatlands Park 6.8.1820); he is alleged to have had an illegitimate son named Charles Hesse.²

; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. The Royal House of Stuart London, 1969,1971,1976. , A. C. Addington
2. The Dukes London, 1975 , Brian Masters, Reference: 348.³ He was Duke of York and Albany.^1,2

     Friederike Charlotte Ulrike Katharine (?) Princess of Prussia was born on 7 May 1767 at Potsdam, Prussia, Germany (now).^1,2,3 She married Frederick Augustus (?) Duke of York and Albany, son of George III (?) King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover and Charlotte Sophie (?) Dss von Mecklenburg-Strelitz, on 29 September 1791 at Berlin, Prussia, Germany (now).^1,6,2,7,3

Friederike Charlotte Ulrike Katharine (?) Princess of Prussia died on 6 August 1820 at Oatlands Park, Weybridge, co. Surrey, England, at age 53.^1,2,3
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. L'Allemagne dynastique , Huberty, Giraud, Magdelaine, Reference: vol V page 197
2. The Royal House of Stuart London, 1969,1971,1976. , A. C. Addington, Reference: page 290.³

     William IV Henry (?) King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover was born on 21 August 1765 at Buckingham House, London, City of London, Greater London, England.^1,2,3 He married Adelaide Luise Therese Karoline Amalie (?) Pss of Saxe-Meiningen, Duchess of Saxony, daughter of Georg Friedrich Karl (?) Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, Duke of Saxony and Luise Eleonore (?) Princess zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg, on 11 July 1818 at Kew Palace, Richmond, co. Surrey, England.^1,2,6,3,7

William IV Henry (?) King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover died on 20 June 1837 at Windsor Castle, Windsor, Windsor and Maidenhead Royal Borough, Berkshire, England, at age 71.^1,2,3
     He was Duke of Clarence.³ He was Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg.²

; WILLIAM IV Henry, King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover (1830-37), Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, *Buckingham House 21.8.1765, +Windsor Castle 20.6.1837; m.Kew Palace 11.7.1818 Pss Adelheid of Saxe-Meiningen (*13.8.1792 +2.12.1849); for their descendants see http://genealogy.euweb.cz/welf/welf11.html.²

; Leo van de Pas cites: The Royal House of Stuart London, 1969,1971,1976. , A. C. Addington.³ He was King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover between 1830 and 1837.^1,2

     Adelaide Luise Therese Karoline Amalie (?) Pss of Saxe-Meiningen, Duchess of Saxony was born on 13 August 1792 at Meiningen, Germany (now).^1,2,3,4 She married William IV Henry (?) King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover, son of George III (?) King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover and Charlotte Sophie (?) Dss von Mecklenburg-Strelitz, on 11 July 1818 at Kew Palace, Richmond, co. Surrey, England.^1,2,3,6,4

Adelaide Luise Therese Karoline Amalie (?) Pss of Saxe-Meiningen, Duchess of Saxony died on 2 December 1849 at Bentley Priory, England, at age 57.^1,2,3,4
      ; ADELHEID Luise Therese Karoline Amalie, *Meiningen 13.8.1792, +Bentley Priory 2.12.1849; m.Kew Palace 11.7.1818 King William IV of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover, etc (*21.8.1765 +20.6.1837.)³

; Leo van de Pas cites: The Royal House of Stuart London, 1969,1971,1976. , A. C. Addington, Reference: 12.⁴

     Georg Friedrich Karl (?) Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, Duke of Saxony was born on 4 February 1761 at Frankfurt, Brandenburg, Germany (now).^2,3 He married Luise Eleonore (?) Princess zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg on 27 November 1782 at Langenburg, Germany (now).^4,2,3

Georg Friedrich Karl (?) Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, Duke of Saxony died on 24 December 1803 at Meiningen, Germany (now), at age 42.^2,3
      ; [2m.] Duke GEORG I Friedrich Karl of Saxe-Meiningen (1763-1803), *Frankfurt 4.2.1761, +Meiningen 24.12.1803; m.Langenburg 27.11.1782 Pss Luise Eleonore zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg (*Langenburg 11.8.1763, +Meiningen 30.4.1837.)³

; Leo van de Pas cites: Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels Fürstliche Häuser , Reference: 1956.² He was Duke of Saxony.² He was Duke of Saxe-Meiningen between 1782 and 1803.^2,3

     Ernest Augustus (?) Duke of Cumberland, King of Hanover was born on 5 June 1771 at Queen's House, St. James's Park, England.^1,2,3 He married Friederike Karoline Sophie Alexandrine (?) Dss of Meckelenberg-Strelitz, daughter of Karl II (?) Grand Duke of Meckelenberg-Strelitz and Friederike Karoline Luise (?) Landgravine of Hesse-Darmstadt, between 15 November 1815 and 29 May 1815
; her 3rd husband; per Welf 7 page m.Strelitz 29.5.1815 and Carlton House 29.8.1815.^1,2,6,3
Ernest Augustus (?) Duke of Cumberland, King of Hanover died on 18 November 1851 at Schloß Herrenhausen, Herrenhausen, Hanover, Germany (now), at age 80.^1,2,3
     He was Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale.^1,2,3

; Ernest Augustus, Pr of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover, Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale, succeeded his brother William as King ERNST AUGUST I of Hannover (20.6.1837-1851), *Queen's House, St.James's Park 5.6.1771, +Herrenhausen 18.11.1851; m.Strelitz 29.5.1815 and Carlton House 29.8.1815 Dss Friederike of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (*2.3.1778 +21.6.1841); for their descendants see http://genealogy.euweb.cz/welf/welf12.html.²

; per Leo van de Pas: "King Ernst August has always received a very bad press in Britain and has generally been represented as the wickedest of Queen Victoria's 'wicked uncles'. He was certainly of fearsome appearance, having lost an eye in the battle of Tournai in 1794, and something of a martinet. Moreover, he had been involved in several unsavoury scandals including the musterious murder of his valet Sellis and an alleged incestuous relationship with his sister Princess Sophia, resulting in the birth of a child.

He had remained a bachelor until the age of forty-four when he fell in love with his first cousin, the thirty-seven-year-old Princess Friederike of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. The Princess had a 'past', having been married twice already and gained the reputation of being somewhat loose in her ways. Her aunt Queen Charlotte heartily disapproved of the match and refused to be present or to receive her new daughter-in-law. In spite of this the marriage was a happy one. The Duchess of Cumberland gave birth to a stillborn daughter in January 1817 and possibly another in April 1818 (accounts are conflicting) and finally to a son Georg in May 1819.

As King of Hannover, all Ernst August's good qualities came to the fore. He believed in paternalistic rule and did much to imporve the lot of his subjects, who were delighted to have their own King living in their midst after years of being governed by Viceroys. Needless, to say, the King had no time for liberalism and dealt very firmly with a revolutionary mob which demanded concessions in the troublesome year of 1848. Queen Friederike died in 1841 and the old King's last years were considerably brightened by the pleasure he took in seeing his three young grandchildren playing around him. He died in November 1851, aged eighty. After :King's and Queens of Europe' by David Williamson."³

; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. L'Allemagne dynastique , Huberty, Giraud, Magdelaine, Reference: vol III page 147.
2. The Royal House of Stuart London, 1969,1971,1976. , A. C. Addington, Reference: vol I page 21, vol III page 4.³ He was King of Hanover as Ernst August I between 1837 and 1851.^1,2,3