Person Page - 1946

     Vratislav (?) died after 1201.¹
     He was living in 1201.¹

      ; a nun in Prague.¹

     Bozislava (?) of Bohemia married Heinrich I (?) Graf von Ortenburg, son of Rapoto I (?) Graf von Ortenburg, Graf von Kraiburg and Elisabeth von Sulzbach,
; his 1st wife.^2,1,3

     Heinrich I (?) Graf von Ortenburg married Bozislava (?) of Bohemia, daughter of Przemysl I Ottokar (?) King of Bohemia and Adelheid (?) von Meissen,
; his 1st wife.^5,6,3 Heinrich I (?) Graf von Ortenburg married Richiza (?) von Hohenburg, daughter of Diepold VII (?) Margrave von Hohenburg,
; his 2nd wife.^5,3
Heinrich I (?) Graf von Ortenburg died on 15 February 1241.^5,3
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: IV 118.³ Heinrich I (?) Graf von Ortenburg was also known as Heinrich I von Ortenburg Graf von Ortenburg.⁵

     Richiza (?) von Hohenburg married Heinrich I (?) Graf von Ortenburg, son of Rapoto I (?) Graf von Ortenburg, Graf von Kraiburg and Elisabeth von Sulzbach,
; his 2nd wife.^1,2
Richiza (?) von Hohenburg died in 1266.¹
     Richiza (?) von Hohenburg was also known as Richiza von Hohenburg.¹

     Diepold VII (?) Margrave von Hohenburg married Mechtild (?), daughter of Dietrich (?) Graf von Wasserburg, Vichtenstein u. Kreuzenstein and Heilika (?) von Wittelsbach,
; her 2nd husband.²
     Diepold VII (?) Margrave von Hohenburg was also known as Diepold VII von Hohenburg Margrave von Hohenburg.¹

     Vratislav (?) died; died young.¹ He was born in 1200.¹

     Vladislav (?) Margrave of Moravia was born in 1207.¹
Vladislav (?) Margrave of Moravia died on 18 February 1227.¹
      ; Margrave of Moravia.¹

     Premysl (?) Margrave of Moravia was born in 1209.¹ He married Margareta (?) von Meran, daughter of Otto I von Andechs Duke of Meranien, Mgve of Istria, Pfgf in Burgundy and Béatrice/Beatrix II von Hohenstaufen Pfgfn of Burgundy, before 25 September 1232
; her 1st husband.²
Premysl (?) Margrave of Moravia died on 16 October 1239.¹
      ; Margrave of Moravia.¹

     Margareta (?) von Meran married Premysl (?) Margrave of Moravia, son of Przemysl I Ottokar (?) King of Bohemia and Constantia/Konstancia (?) of Hungary, before 25 September 1232
; her 1st husband.¹ Margareta (?) von Meran married Friedrich (?) Graf von Truhendingen, Graf von Dillingen, son of Friedrich IV von Truhendingen and (?) von Ortenberg, on 2 June 1240.^5,1

Margareta (?) von Meran died in 1271.¹
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: I 26
2. Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels Fürstliche Häuser , Reference: 1959.²

     Jutta (?) of Bohemia married Bernhard (?) Duke of Carinthia, son of Hermann II (?) Duke of Carinthia and Agnes (?) of Austria, Dowager Queen of Hungary, in 1213.²

Jutta (?) of Bohemia died in 1230.¹

     Bernhard (?) Duke of Carinthia married Jutta (?) of Bohemia, daughter of Przemysl I Ottokar (?) King of Bohemia and Constantia/Konstancia (?) of Hungary, in 1213.¹

Bernhard (?) Duke of Carinthia died in 1256.¹

     Anna (?) of Bohemia was born between 1201 and 1204 at Praha (Prague), Okres Praha, Bohemia, Czech Republic (now).^1,3,4 She married Henryk II "Pobozny" (?) Duke of Lower Silesia, Duke of Krakow and Great Poland, son of Henryk I "Brodaty" (?) Duke of Lower Silesia, Duke of Krakow and Great Poland and Saint Hedwig (?) von Andechs, Duchess of Silesia, between 1214 and 1218.^1,2,5,6,3

Anna (?) of Bohemia died on 23 June 1265.^1,2,3,4
Anna (?) of Bohemia was buried after 23 June 1265 at Church of St. Clare, Wroclaw, Miasto Wroclaw, Dolnoslaskie, Poland; From Find A Grave:
     BIRTH     1201
     DEATH     26 Jun 1265 (aged 63–64), Wroc?aw, Dolno?l?skie, Poland
     Family Members
     Parents
          Otakar I 1155–1230
          Constance of Hungary 1180–1240
     Spouse
          Henryk II Pobozny 1196–1241 (m. 1216)
     Siblings
          Wenceslaus I of Bohemia 1205–1253
          Agnes of Bohemia 1211–1282
     Half Siblings
          Dagmar of Bohemia 1186–1212
     Children
          Henry III of Wroc?aw 1227–1266
          Hedwig of Wroc?aw 1238–1313
     BURIAL     Church of St. Clare, Wroc?aw, Miasto Wroc?aw, Dolno?l?skie, Poland
     Created by: Anonymous
     Added: 18 Oct 2012
     Find A Grave Memorial 99158717.⁷
     Reference: Genealogics cites:

; Per Wikipedia:
     "Anne of Bohemia (Czech: Anna Lehnická, Polish: Anna Przemy?lidka; c. 1203[1]/1204 – 26 June 1265), a member of the P?emyslid dynasty, was Duchess of Silesia[2] and High Duchess of Poland from 1238 to 1241, by her marriage to the Piast ruler Henry II the Pious. She was celebrated by the community of Franciscan nuns at St Clara of Prague Abbey in Wroc?aw as their founder and patron.
Life
     "Anna was probably born in Prague, Bohemia, the daughter of King Ottokar I of Bohemia and his second wife, Constance of Hungary. Her maternal grandparents were Béla III of Hungary and his first wife, Agnes of Antioch. Her paternal grandparents were King Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Judith of Thuringia. She was a sister of the Franciscan nun Agnes of Bohemia (1211–1282).
     "Around the age of twelve (in 1216) she was married to the Piast prince Henry II the Pious, member of the Silesian branch of the Piast dynasty, the son and heir of Duke Henry the Bearded.[3] During internal political struggles, the Silesian Piasts gained large parts of the Polish territories upon the assassination of High Duke Leszek the White in 1227. Henry the Bearded inherited the Duchy of Greater Poland in 1231, and in the following year attained the Seniorate Province and the Polish throne at Kraków. After his death on 19 March 1238 he was succeeded by his son Henry II, co-ruler in the Silesian lands since 1226.
Anne was widowed only three years later, on 9 April 1241,[1] when her husband was killed fighting against the Mongols at the Battle of Legnica. The following years were mainly marked by her occupation as a regent for her son Boles?aw II and his brothers.[4] Nevertheless, the Silesian Piasts were not able to maintain their supremacy in the Polish lands, when the Kraków throne passed to Duke Konrad I of Masovia.
     "On 8 May 1242, Anne and her son founded the Bendectine abbey of Krzeszów (Grüssau). The Dowager Duchess also was a generous benefactor of the Franciscan nuns in Wroc?aw, in consultation with her sister Agnes of Bohemia. In 1256 Pope Alexander IV wrote to the bishops of Wroc?aw and Lebus, explaining that Anne had proposed the construction of a monastery that would house a community of Franciscan nuns, fulfilling her desire, and her dead husband’s desire, to build such an institution. In 1257, the construction of the monastery began.[4] Anne donated many goods to the monastery, but made sure that her donations did not violate the vow of voluntary poverty that the nuns had taken; in 1263, a papal bull issued by Pope Urban IV to the nuns at Wroc?aw states that Anne wanted the nuns to use the property that she had given them only in times of need. The Notæ Monialium Sanctæ Claræ Wratislaviensium names her as the founder of the monastery of St Clare at Wroc?aw. Her vita, written in the first half of the fourteenth century, links her closely with her mother-in-law Hedwig of Andechs, who is portrayed as the main influence on Anne's religious life.
     "According to a text known as the Notæ Monialium Sanctæ Claræ Wratislaviensium,[5] a chronicle written by the Franciscan nuns at Wroc?aw, Anne died in 1265 and was buried in the nuns' choir at the Chapel of St Hedwig, a chapel in St Clara of Prague Abbey in Wroc?aw.
     "According historian Gábor Klaniczay, she was venerated as a saint in Poland, but would never be canonised.[1]
Children
     "Anna and Henry had ten[4] children:
     "After lengthy dynastical struggles, Anne's younger sons claimed their rights to the Lower Silesian lands, including Henry III, who after a 1248 partition of the Silesian lands ruled as Duke of Silesia at Wroc?aw, while Boles?aw II went on ti rule as Duke of Legnica. From 1251, Konrad I ruled as first Silesian Duke of G?ogów. Anne's son W?adys?aw (Ladislaus; 1237–1270) was appointed chancellor by King Ottokar II of Bohemia in 1256, he was elected Prince-bishop of Bamberg (1257) and Passau, and became Prince-archbishop of Salzburg in 1265. Of her daughters, Gertrude (1219–1246) became the first wife of Boleslav I, duke of Masovia, whilst Hedwig (c. 1240-1318) served as abbess of the monastery of St Clare at Wroc?aw.
References
1. Klaniczay 2002, p. 204.
2. It is important to note that Anne was still styled as a duchess after her husband's death in 1241. See Sébastien Rossignol 'The Authority and Charter Usage of 3.Female Rulers in Medieval Silesia, c. 1200-c. 1330' in The Journal of Medieval History https://www.academia.edu/4491020/S._Rossignol_The_Authority_and_Charter_Usage_of_Female_Rulers_in_Medieval_Silesia_c._1200-c._1330
4. Klaniczay 2002, pp. 204–205.
5. Klaniczay 2002, p. 205.
6. Notæ Monialium Sanctæ Claræ Wratislaviensium in the Monumenta Germania Historica, Scriptores, XIX, p. 534
7. Jordan, McNab & Ruiz 2015, p. 37.
Sources
** Jordan, William Chester; McNab, Bruce; Ruiz, Teofilo F. (2015). Order and Innovation in the Middle Ages: Essays in Honor of Joseph R. Strayer. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-1400869671.
** Klaniczay, Gábor (2002). Holy Rulers and Blessed Princesses: Dynastic Cults in Medieval Central Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521420181."⁸



; Per Genealogics:
     "Anna was born in Prague between 1201 and 1204, the daughter of Przemysl Ottokar I, king of Bohemia, and his second wife Konstanze of Hungary. Between 1214 and 1218 she was married to Henryk II 'the Pious', the future Herzog von Schlesien-Krakau und Grosspolen, and son of Henryk I 'the Bearded', Herzog von Schlesien und Krakau, and Hedwig von Meran. They had eleven children, of whom three sons (Boleslaw II, Henryk III, and Konrad I) and a daughter Elisabeth would have progeny. Henryk succeeded to the dukedom in 1238. During the Tatar invasions, Anna was sent with the other female members of the royal family to the safety of the fortress of Krossen. Henryk was killed at Wahlstatt near Liegnitz during the Battle of Liegnitz on 9 April 1241. His body was so mutilated that Anna had to tell those searching for his body to recognise him by the peculiarity of a sixth toe on his left foot.
     "Anna buried her husband in the Franciscan convent at Breslau, which Henryk had begun to build, and which she completed in 1242. During her lengthy widowhood, Anna suffered greatly from the violent temper of her son Boleslaw II.
     "Anna died on 23 June 1265."³



; Per Med Lands:
     "ANNA ([1201/04]-23 Jun 1265, bur St Clara, Treibnitz). The Notæ Sanctæ Claræ name "Anna ducissa, filia regis Bohemis, coniunx ducis Henrici", specify that she found the monastery of St Clara, died in 1265 and was buried in the monastery[269].
     "m ([1214/18]) HEINRICH of Lower Silesia, son of HEINRICH I Duke of Lower Silesia, Krakow and Greater Poland [Piast] & his first wife Hedwig von Andechs-Merano ([1196/1204]-killed in battle near Liegnitz 9 Apr 1241). He succeeded his father in 1238 as HEINRICH II Duke of Lower Silesia, Krakow and Greater Poland."
Med Lands cites: [269] Notæ Monialium Sanctæ Claræ Wratislaviensium, MGH SS XIX, p. 534.⁴

; Per Med Lands:
     "HEINRICH of Lower Silesia, son of HEINRICH I Duke of Lower Silesia, Krakow and Greater Poland & his wife Hedwig von Andechs-Merano ([1196]-killed in battle near Liegnitz 9 Apr 1241, bur Breslau Franciscan Church). The Annales Capituli Cracoviensis record that "Henricus suus [=Heinrici ducis Zlesie] filius" succeeded his father in 1238[144]. He succeeded his father in 1238 as HEINRICH II Duke of Lower Silesia, Krakow and Greater Poland. The Annales Wratislavienses record that "dux Heinricus II" was killed by the Tartars who devastated the whole of Silesia and Poland[145]. The Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum record his burial "1241 V Id Apr" at "fratres minores Wratislavie"[146]. The Annales Grussavienses record that “tartari” killed “ducem Henricum secundum” in 1241[147]. The Epytaphia ducum Slezie add that he was killed against the Tartars "Wolstat prope Legnitcz" and buried "in Wratislavia in claustro fratrem Minoruum aput Sanctum Iacobum"[148].
     "m ([1214/18]) ANNA of Bohemia, daughter of P?EMYSL OTAKAR I King of Bohemia & his second wife Konstancia of Hungary ([1201/04]-23 Jun 1265, bur St Clara, Trebnitz). The Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum names "Anna sorore regis Boemie monoculi" as wife of Duke Heinrich II[149]. The Notæ Sanctæ Claræ name "Anna ducissa, filia regis Bohemis, coniunx ducis Henrici", specify that she found the monastery of St Clara, died in 1265 and was buried in the monastery[150]."
Med Lands cites: She was High Duchess consort of Poland between 1238 and 1241.⁸

     Henryk II "Pobozny" (?) Duke of Lower Silesia, Duke of Krakow and Great Poland was born circa 1196; Genealogy.EU says b. 1191/96; Genealogics says b. 1196/1204; Wikipedia says b. 1196.^1,2,5,7 He married Anna (?) of Bohemia, daughter of Przemysl I Ottokar (?) King of Bohemia and Constantia/Konstancia (?) of Hungary, between 1214 and 1218.^1,2,5,8,9

Henryk II "Pobozny" (?) Duke of Lower Silesia, Duke of Krakow and Great Poland died on 9 April 1241 at Leignitz, Poland (now).^1,2,5,8
Henryk II "Pobozny" (?) Duke of Lower Silesia, Duke of Krakow and Great Poland was buried after 9 April 1241 at St. Vincent's Church, Wroclaw, Miasto Wroclaw, Dolnoslaskie, Poland (now); From Find A Grave:
     BIRTH     1196
     DEATH     9 Apr 1241 (aged 44–45)
     Henryk II Pobozny was Duke of Silesia at Wroclaw and Duke of Kraków, High Duke of all Poland and Duke of Southern Greater Poland. Henry was a son of the Polish High Duke Henry I the Bearded, Duke of Silesia-Wroclaw and Saint Hedwig of Andechs, daughter of Duke Berthold IV of Merania. He was thier second son, but soon became the eldest child of the family when the first-born Boleslaw died in 1206. Seven years later (1213) the death of his younger surviving brother Konrad the Curly during a hunt left Henry as the sole heir of Lower Silesia. By 1218, Henry married Anna (ca. 1204 – 23 June 1265), daughter of King Ottokar I of Bohemia.
     They had ten children:
** Gertrude (ca. 1218/20 – 23/30 April 1247), married by 1232 to Boleslaw I of Masovia.
Constance (ca. 1221 – ca. 21 February 1257), married by 1239 to Casimir I of Kuyavia.
Boleslaw II the Bald (ca. 1220/25 – 25/31 December 1278).
Mieszko (ca. 1223/27 – 1242).
Henry III the White (1227/30 – 3 December 1266).
Konrad (1228/31 – 6 August ca. 1274).
Elizabeth (ca. 1232 – 16 January 1265), married in 1244 to Przemysl I of Greater
     On April 9, 1241 Henry was defeated and killed by the Mongols in the battle of Legnica.
Henryk's naked and decapitated body could only be identified by his wife, thanks to a unique anatomical defect: on his left foot, he had six toes (polydactyly), which was confirmed at the opening of his tomb in 1832. Henry was buried in the crypt of the Franciscan Church of St. Vincent in Wroclaw.
     Family Members
     Parents
          Henryk I Brodaty 1165–1238
          Hedwig of Andechs 1174–1243
     Spouse
          Anne of Bohemia 1201–1265 (m. 1216)
     Children
          Henry III of Wroc?aw 1227–1266
          Hedwig of Wroc?aw 1238–1313
     BURIAL     St. Vincent's Church, Wroc?aw, Miasto Wroc?aw, Dolno?l?skie, Poland
     Maintained by: Mad
     Originally Created by: nbo
     Added: 9 Sep 2012
     Find A Grave Memorial 96798351.^2,10
      ; Per Med Lands:
     "ANNA ([1201/04]-23 Jun 1265, bur St Clara, Treibnitz). The Notæ Sanctæ Claræ name "Anna ducissa, filia regis Bohemis, coniunx ducis Henrici", specify that she found the monastery of St Clara, died in 1265 and was buried in the monastery[269].
     "m ([1214/18]) HEINRICH of Lower Silesia, son of HEINRICH I Duke of Lower Silesia, Krakow and Greater Poland [Piast] & his first wife Hedwig von Andechs-Merano ([1196/1204]-killed in battle near Liegnitz 9 Apr 1241). He succeeded his father in 1238 as HEINRICH II Duke of Lower Silesia, Krakow and Greater Poland."
Med Lands cites: [269] Notæ Monialium Sanctæ Claræ Wratislaviensium, MGH SS XIX, p. 534.¹¹ EDV-22.

; Per Genealogy.EU: "Duke Henryk II "Pobozny" of Lower Silesia (1238-41), Cracow and Great Poland (1238-41), *1191/96, +k.a.Liegnitz 9.4.1241, bur Sw.Jakub Breslau; m.1214/18 Anna of Bohemia (+23.6.1265.)²"

; Per Wikipedia:
     "Henry II the Pious (Polish: Henryk II Pobo?ny) (1196 – 9 April 1241),[1] of the Silesian line of the Piast dynasty, was Duke of Silesia at Wroc?aw and Duke of Kraków and thus High Duke of all Poland as well as Duke of Southern Greater Poland from 1238 until his death. During 1238–1239 he also served as a regent of two other Piast duchies: Sandomierz and Upper Silesian Opole–Racibórz. On October 2015, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Legnica opened up his cause for beatification, obtaining him the title of Servant of God.[2][3]
Life
Heir of Wroc?aw, co-ruler with his father
     "Henry II was the second son of the Polish High Duke Henry I the Bearded, Duke of Silesia-Wroc?aw, by his wife (and later Saint) Hedwig of Andechs, daughter of Duke Berthold IV of Merania. His elder brother Boles?aw died in 1206. In 1213, his younger brother Konrad the Curly died during a hunt, leaving Henry II as the sole heir of Lower Silesia. Around 1218 his father arranged his marriage to Princess Anna, daughter of King Ottokar I of Bohemia. This union with the royal P?emyslid dynasty allowed Henry II to participate actively in international politics.
     "Henry I the Bearded quickly designated his sole surviving son as his sole heir, and from 1222, the young prince countersigned documents with his father. By 1224, he had his own seal and notary. In 1227, during a meeting of Piast Dukes in G?sawa, Henry I and the High Duke Leszek I the White were ambushed, Leszek was killed and Henry I was seriously wounded. Young Henry II acted as interim Duke. In 1229, Henry I captured by Duke Konrad I of Masovia, and again young Henry II acted as interim Duke. During 1229–30, Henry II led a military expedition to recover and secure the possession of Lubusz Land, and in 1233–34 Henry actively supported his father's affairs in Prussia and Greater Poland. In 1234, Henry I named his son Henry II co-ruler. Later, Henry I took the Duchies of Kraków and Silesia, and Henry II was given the Duchies of Silesia and Greater Poland. When Henry the Bearded died on 19 March 1238, Henry II became Duke of Silesia, Kraków and Greater Poland.
Reign alone
     "Henry II inherited Lower Silesia from his father Henry I. Southern Greater Poland and Kraków were ruled by the Piast princes, although the late Duke of Greater Poland and Kraków, W?adys?aw III, had left all his lands to Henry I the Bearded. The will was ignored by Duke Konrad of Masovia and W?adys?aw's III nephew W?adys?aw Odonic.
     "Henry II could retain his authority as a regent over the Upper Silesian Duchy of Opole-Racibórz and the Duchy of Sandomierz during the minority of their rulers Mieszko II the Fat and Boles?aw V the Chaste. Nevertheless, in 1239, Henry was compelled to resign the regency, although he remained on good terms with the Dukes of Opole and Sandomierz, and managed to retain Greater Polish Kalisz and Wielu?.
     "The situation in the northwest was more complicated: Margrave Otto III of Brandenburg took the important Greater Polish fortress at Santok and besieged Lubusz. Henry II also inherited the disputes with Konrad of Masovia, W?adys?aw Odonic, and with the Church, led by Pe?ka, Archbishop of Gniezno. The situation changed unexpectedly after the death of W?adys?aw Odonic on 5 June 1239, who left two minor sons, Przemys? I and Boles?aw the Pious. Henry II took the majority of Odonic's possessions (including Gniezno), leaving Nak?o nad Noteci? and Uj?cie to Odonic's sons.
     "Henry then abandoned the traditional alliance of his family with the Imperial House of Hohenstaufen and supported Pope Gregory IX, immediately resolving his dispute with the Church.[4] He then put an end to his conflicts with Konrad of Masovia by arranging the marriages of two of his daughters to two of Konrad's sons: Gertrude to Boles?aw, and Constance, to Casimir I of Kuyavia. In 1239, Henry II reclaimed the Santok fortress from Margrave Otto III after Henry's victory in the Battle of Lubusz.
Mongol invasion, Battle of Legnica and death
     "In the East, a new dangerous opponent appeared: the Mongols, under the leadership of Batu Khan, who, after the invasion of Rus' chose the Kingdom of Hungary as his next target. Batu Khan realized that he had to take control of Poland before he could take Hungary. In January 1241, Batu sent reconnaissance troops to Lublin and Zawichost. The invasion was launched a month later, by an army of 10,000 men under the leadership of Lord Orda. In Lesser Poland the Mongols met weaker resistance, defeating and killing almost all the Kraków and Sandomierz nobility in the Battle of Tursko (13 February), and the Battles of Tarczek and Chmielnik (18 March), including the voivode of Kraków, W?odzimierz and the castellan Klement of Brze?nica. All of Lesser Poland, including Kraków and Sandomierz, fell into the hands of the Mongols.
     "Henry II didn't wait for the promised aid from Western rulers and began to concentrate the surviving troops of Lesser Poland and his own Silesian and Greater Poland forces in Legnica. Europe's rulers were more focused on the struggle between the Holy Roman Empire and Papacy, and they ignored Henry's requests for help. The only foreign troops who joined him were those of King Wenceslaus I of Bohemia and the combined forces of some Knights Templar. Some sources report that European forces halted their troops near Legnica, probably fearing that the Christian Army would become an easy prey to the Mongols. The battle took place on 9 April 1241. Henry II was defeated and killed in action.
     "The defeat was widely blamed on the European monarchs, especially Emperor Frederick II and King Béla IV of Hungary, who had refused to help, and the unexpected retreat from the battle by Henry's Upper Silesian cousin Mieszko II the Fat, through a trick of the Mongols. There are two descriptions of Henry's death, one submitted by Jan D?ugosz (today considered dubious), and the second by C. de Brigia in his Historii Tartatorum (based on reports of direct witnesses, now considered more reliable). However, the Mongols did not intend to occupy the country, and shortly afterward they went through Moravia to Hungary, wanting to connect with the main army of Batu Khan. Henry's naked and decapitated body could only be identified by his wife, because of his polydactyly. He had six toes on his left foot,[5] which was confirmed when his tomb was opened in 1832. Henry was buried in the crypt of the Franciscan Church of Sts. Vincent and Jacob in Wroc?aw (Breslau).
     "Despite ruling for only three years, Henry remained in the memories of Silesia, Greater Poland and Kraków as the perfect Christian knight, lord and martyr, whose brilliant career was abruptly ended by his early death. Upon his death, the line of the Silesian Piasts fragmented into numerous Dukes of Silesia, who (except for Henry's grandson Henry IV Probus) were no longer able to prevail as Polish High Dukes and subsequently came under the influence of the neighbouring Kingdom of Bohemia.
     "In 1944, Henry the Pious' body went missing after being taken from its tomb by German scientists for laboratory tests; they had hoped to prove that the prince was Aryan.
Marriage and children
     "Between 1214–1218, Henry married Anna (ca. 1201 – 23 June 1265), daughter of King Ottokar I of Bohemia. They had ten children:[1]
In popular culture
     "Leo Frankowski's Conrad Stargard series has the time-travelling protagonist decide on Henry as the man he wants to be King of a reunited Poland, and after defeating the Mongols this comes to fruition.
See also
History of Poland (966–1385): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Poland_during_the_Piast_dynasty
Piast dynasty: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piast_dynasty
Dukes of Silesia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_of_Silesia
History of Silesia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Silesia
References
1. *Cawley, Charles; Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, Medieval Lands Project; Silesia v3.0; Dukes of Breslau (Wroc?aw) and Lower Silesia 1163–1278 (Piast) (Chap 4); Heinrich II Duke of Lower Silesia; retrieved May 2015.[1]
2. http://dlp90.pl/
3. http://newsaints.faithweb.com/year/13th_century.htm#Henry
4. Encyklopedia Powszechna PWN Warsaw 1975 vol. III page 505
5. Historyczne, Polskie Towarzystwo (1961). Mowia, wieki: magazyn historyczny (in Polish). Pa?stwowe Zak?ady Wydawn. Szkolnych. p. 52."⁷

; Per Med Lands:
     "HEINRICH of Lower Silesia, son of HEINRICH I Duke of Lower Silesia, Krakow and Greater Poland & his wife Hedwig von Andechs-Merano ([1196]-killed in battle near Liegnitz 9 Apr 1241, bur Breslau Franciscan Church). The Annales Capituli Cracoviensis record that "Henricus suus [=Heinrici ducis Zlesie] filius" succeeded his father in 1238[144]. He succeeded his father in 1238 as HEINRICH II Duke of Lower Silesia, Krakow and Greater Poland. The Annales Wratislavienses record that "dux Heinricus II" was killed by the Tartars who devastated the whole of Silesia and Poland[145]. The Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum record his burial "1241 V Id Apr" at "fratres minores Wratislavie"[146]. The Annales Grussavienses record that “tartari” killed “ducem Henricum secundum” in 1241[147]. The Epytaphia ducum Slezie add that he was killed against the Tartars "Wolstat prope Legnitcz" and buried "in Wratislavia in claustro fratrem Minoruum aput Sanctum Iacobum"[148].
     "m ([1214/18]) ANNA of Bohemia, daughter of P?EMYSL OTAKAR I King of Bohemia & his second wife Konstancia of Hungary ([1201/04]-23 Jun 1265, bur St Clara, Trebnitz). The Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum names "Anna sorore regis Boemie monoculi" as wife of Duke Heinrich II[149]. The Notæ Sanctæ Claræ name "Anna ducissa, filia regis Bohemis, coniunx ducis Henrici", specify that she found the monastery of St Clara, died in 1265 and was buried in the monastery[150]."
Med Lands cites: He was High Duke Poland; Duke of greater Polandee attached map of Henryk's kingdom (from Wikipedia: By derivative work: Greg84 (talk)_Mon_Henrykow_Slaskich_(1201-1241).png:Zuber & MariuszR Translation into English - _Mon_Henrykow_Slaskich_(1201-1241).png, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4805177) between 1237 and 1241. He was Duke of Greater Poland (Only in the Southwest) between 1238 and 1241.⁷ He was Duke of Wroclaw between 1238 and 1241 at Wroclaw, Miasto Wroclaw, Dolnoslaskie, Poland (now).⁷

     Henryk I "Brodaty" (?) Duke of Lower Silesia, Duke of Krakow and Great Poland was born between 1165 and 1170.^1,2,6 He married Saint Hedwig (?) von Andechs, Duchess of Silesia, daughter of Berthold III/VI von Andechs Duke of Meran and Dalmatia and Agnes (?) von Rochlitz, in 1186
; Genealogy.EU (Diessen 2 page) and Med Lands say m. between 1188 and 1192.^1,7,8,2,6
Henryk I "Brodaty" (?) Duke of Lower Silesia, Duke of Krakow and Great Poland died on 19 March 1238 at Sanctuary of St. Jadwiga in Trzebnica, Trzebnica, Powiat trzebnicki, Dolnoslaskie, Poland (now); From Find A Grave:
     
     BIRTH     1165, Poland
     DEATH     19 Mar 1238 (aged 72–73). Poland
     Henryk I Brodaty, (Henry I the Bearded), was Duke of Silesia at Wroclaw, Duke of Kraków and High Duke of all Poland. He was the son of Duke Boleslaw I the Tall of Silesia, by his second wife Christina, a German noble lady. He was born in Glogów (Glogau), Lower Silesia, the fourth son of the couple, and in consequence he had little chance to inherit any land. However, the premature deaths of his older brothers Boleslaw, Konrad and Jan (between 1174 and 1190), also given that his older half-brother Duke Jaroslaw of Opole was forced into an ecclesiastical career by the intrigues of his stepmother Christina, enabled him to become Boleslaw's heir. By 1188, Henry married Hedwig of Andechs (ca. 1174 – Abbey of Trebnitz, 15 October 1243), daughter of Duke Berthold IV of Merania.
     They had seven children:
     Henryk managed to make Silesia one of the most powerful states of Poland, and also tried to maintain peace in Greater and Lesser Poland during a period of considerable changes in Western Europe. One contemporary chronicler called him An honest man who only thought to be useful to his people. His personal emblem was a white inverted-cross in the middle of the arc, in the form of white and black eagle on the wings; this remained as the emblem of Silesia.
     Henryk is considered by historians as one of the most prominent Piast Princes from the period of Poland's feudal fragmentation. However, all his work was destroyed only three years after his death due to a completely unexpected event; the Mongolian invasions.
     Family Members
     Spouse
          Hedwig of Andechs 1174–1243
     Children
          Henryk II Pobozny 1196–1241
     BURIAL     Sanctuary of St. Jadwiga in Trzebnica, Trzebnica, Powiat trzebnicki, Dolno?l?skie, Poland
     Maintained by: A.D.L
     Originally Created by: nbo
     Added: 9 Sep 2012
     Find A Grave Memorial 96799301.^1,2,6,9
Henryk I "Brodaty" (?) Duke of Lower Silesia, Duke of Krakow and Great Poland was buried after 19 March 1238 at Sanctuary of St. Jadwiga in Trzebnica, Trzebnica, Powiat trzebnicki, Dolnoslaskie, Poland (now).^1,9
      ; Per Med Lands: "HEDWIG ([1176/80]-14 May 1243, bur Trebnitz). The Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum names "Hedwigem…filiam ducis Meranie Bertoldi, sororem domine Gerdrudis regine Ungarie et domine Engeldrudis regine Francie" as wife of "Henricus dictus cum barba"[381]. The Annales Wratislavienses name "sancte Hedwigis" as wife of "dux…Heinricus dictus cum barba"[382]. She founded an abbey of Cistercian nuns at Trzebnica [Trebnitz] near Wroc?aw [Breslau], where she cultivated the cult of her niece of St Elisabeth of Hungary. The Epytaphia ducum Slezie record the death "1243 VII Id Oct" of "mater iam dicti Henrici beata Hedwigis" and her canonisation "1266 VIII Kal Dec"[383]. The Notæ Diessenses record the death "1241 II Id Oct" of "Hædewigis ducisse Zlesie, filia Berhtildi ducis Meranie"[384]. She was canonised in 1267[385]. m ([1188/92]) HEINRICH of Silesia, son of BOLESLAW Duke of Breslau [Piast] & his second wife Christina --- ([1165/70]-Krosno 19 Mar 1238). He succeeded in 1231 as HEINRICH I Duke of Lower Silesia, Krakow and Greater Poland."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Genealogics:
     "Henryk was born in Glogow, Silesia (south-western Poland) in 1163, 1167 or 1174, the son of Boleslaw I 'the Tall', Herzog von Schlesien, and his second wife Christina. Coming from the Silesian line of the Piast dynasty, Henryk was duke of Lower Silesia from his father's death in 1201. He was later also duke of Lesser Poland and thus senior prince of all Poland from 1232 until his death.
     "About 1180 Henryk was married to Hedwig (Jadwiga) von Meran, daughter of Berthold VI von Andechs, duke of Meran and Dalmatia and Agnes von Nieder-Lausitz. Henryk and Hedwig had six children, but only their son Henryk would have progeny.
     "Henryk I actively promoted the conversion of his people to Christianity as well as their adoption of German culture. He strove to reunite the provinces of fragmented Poland, and succeeded in bringing under his authority Silesia, Lesser Poland and part of Greater Poland. He died on 19 March 1238."²

Reference: Genealogics cites:

; Per Wikipedia:
     "Henry the Bearded (Polish: Henryk Brodaty, German: Heinrich der Bärtige); c. 1165/70 – 19 March 1238), of the Silesian line of the Piast dynasty, was Duke of Silesia at Wroc?aw from 1201 and Duke of Kraków and thus High Duke of all Poland — internally divided — from 1232 until his death.
Life
Early career and the loss of Opole
     "Henry was the fourth son of Duke Boles?aw I the Tall of Silesia, by his second wife Christina, probably a German. He was born in G?ogów (Glogau), Lower Silesia. Henry's three older brothers Boleslaw, Conrad and John (1174-1190) died. His older half-brother Jaros?aw of Opole became a priest, possibly because of the scheming of Henry's mother Christina. Henry became Boles?aw's sole heir in 1190. Through his marriage with Hedwig of Andechs (1182–1189), Henry was connected to the rulers of Germany, Hungary, Bohemia, and France.
     "Henry's father, Boles?aw I, died 8 December 1201. Early in 1202 Henry's uncle, Duke Mieszko IV Tanglefoot of Upper Silesia, attacked and took the Duchy of Opole (Oppeln), which had passed from Jaros?aw's possession into Henry's. Mieszko wanted more than Opole, but was opposed by Archbishop of Gniezno, Henry Kietlicz and the Bishop of Wroc?aw, Cyprian. They supported Henry because he paid them 1,000 pieces of silver.
     "Relations with the Hohenstaufens, Wittelsbachs, Welfs and P?emyslids
When the Holy Roman Empire was in the middle of the struggles between the Staufer and the Welfs, at first, Henry wasn't directly involved in this fight.
     "After 1207, Henry betrothed his daughter Gertrude to the Pfalzgraf Otto VIII, Count Palatine of Bavaria of the House of Wittelsbach, then a loyal follower of the House of Hohenstaufen. His wife Agnes, of the ducal House of Andechs, were strong supporters of the Staufer. Henry remained neutral, and refused to take part in the conflict between the Holy Roman Empire, the Staufer and the Welfs. Otto VIII murdered the German Hohenstaufer King Philip of Swabia and was executed in 1209, so there was no marriage.
Involvement in politics of the Polish duchies
     "In 1202 the Polish High Duke Mieszko III the Old died. He was from the Greater Polish branch of the royal Piast dynasty. Two opposing groups emerged: 1) Mieszko IV Tanglefoot (Henry's uncle), and Duke W?adys?aw III Spindleshanks of Greater Poland (Mieszko III's son and successor), and 2) Dukes Leszek the White of Sandomierz, Konrad I of Masovia (sons of late High Duke Casimir II the Just), and W?adys?aw Odonic (W?adys?aw III's nephew). Henry once again remained neutral.
     "W?adys?aw III Spindleshanks had assumed the throne at Kraków, but was deposed in 1206. Leszek became High Duke and Duke of Kraków. The loss of the Seniorate Province caused W?adys?aw III to change his alliance, increasing his presence in West Pomerania). He proposed to Henry an exchange of territories: the Silesian Lubusz Land for the Greater Poland Kalisz region. Henry accepted the offer, but the exchange resulted in political confusion. W?adys?aw Odonic had been expecting to inherit Lubusz and Greater Poland from his uncle W?adys?aw III. Odonic counted on the support of the church, headed by Archbishop Henry Kietlicz of Gniezno. W?adys?aw III had his two opponents, Odonic and the archbishop, exiled. Henry was now in a difficult situation. He owed a debt of gratitude to the archbishop, who helped him at the beginning of his reign, but he decided to support W?adys?aw III. He gave the newly acquired Kalisz to Odonic, except for Pozna?, causing a temporary rift between Henry and W?adys?aw III. In 1208, the relationship was mended during a meeting in G?ogów.
     "In 1210 Pope Innocent III excommunicated High Duke Leszek. Mieszko IV Tanglefoot quickly conquered Kraków and took the title of High Duke. The excommunication bull was issued at the request of an anonymous Duke of Silesia, probably Henry (because Mieszko IV used the title Duke of Racibórz-Opole). The situation became quite confused and no one was sure who held the real power.
     "Archbishop Henry Ketlicz, who had returned from exile some time before, called the Synod of Borzykowa (?) to try to find a solution to the situation. Henry, and the lesser Dukes Leszek, Konrad I, and W?adys?aw Odonic were present. Leszek and the other Piast princes, bestowed a gift on the clergy, ensuring the integrity of the bishop's territorial possessions (the privilege wasn't signed by Henry or W?adys?aw III, but they did comply with its provisions). Mieszko IV wasn't present in Borzykowa. While the other Dukes were in Borzykowa, Mieszko IV and his army invaded Kraków, and took the capital without a fight. Mieszko IV only held Kraków for a year. Henry, although he was now the oldest of the lesser Dukes, did nothing. Leszek I the White returned to Kraków without any major difficulties.
     "After the papal bull affair, Henry supported peace and cooperation with High Duke Leszek and Duke W?adys?aw III of Greater Poland. The pact was established in 1217 in a meeting in Da?kowie, and then a year later in S?dowlu. Each member of this Piast triumvirate (later including Leszek's younger brother Konrad of Masovia) brought some mutual benefits to the alliance. W?adys?aw's inclusion brought about an immediate restitution of Lubusz and Leszek's formal sovereignty over the rest of the country. Over the next few years the three dukes cooperated.
     "The main motive for the treaty between the three was the crusading expeditions against the pagan Baltic Old Prussians. These crusades, in 1222 and 1223, both failed despite the vast financial outlay. Henry then proposed bringing a contingent of Teutonic Knights to Poland. Duke Konrad I of Masovia put out the call and the knights entered Poland in 1226.
The First War of Lubusz
     "Henry resigned his claim to Kraków because Margrave Konrad II of Lusatia seized Lubusz Land. Duke W?adys?aw III gained possession of Lubusz in 1206, but lost it soon after. The possession of Lubusz directly affected Henry's sovereignty and he sent his forces to the Polish western border. Initially, he tried to settle the dispute peacefully, sending ambassadors to the court of Emperor Otto IV at Altenburg to obtain the return of Lubusz to Silesia. They returned without a response, and Henry organized an armed expedition. No military action was needed. On 6 May 1210, Margrave Konrad II died, and Henry took Lubusz and the Lusatian town of Guben, which he held until 1218.
The Attempt to gain Kraków in 1225 and the struggles over Lubusz
     "In 1223 the Piast alliance was finally broken. In Greater Poland, W?adys?aw Odonic and, his brother-in-law, Duke Swietopelk II of Pomerelia took Uj?cie. Disputes with W?adys?aw III effectively prevented the continuation of the treaties. In 1225, Henry broke the treaty and entered Kraków. When Landgrave Louis IV of Thuringia attacked Lubusz, Henry retreated from Kraków.
     "The struggles for Lubusz continued intermittently until 1230, when Margrave Louis IV's successor Henry Raspe resigned his rights over Lubusz in 1229 and sold his claim to the Magdeburg Archbishop Albert I of Käfernburg. Henry was finally able to add this strategically important area to his duchy, although he did so without the consent of Duke W?adys?aw III of Greater Poland. Henry also managed to obtain another asset; a castle in Cedynia, conquered after a local conflict with Duke Barnim I of Pomerania.
The Congress of G?sawa. Death of Leszek the White
     "In 1227 Leszek the White organized an assembly of Piast Dukes at G?sawa to settle territorial disputes and the actions of Duke Swietopelk II. W?adys?aw Odonic and Henry supported Leszek and his brother Konrad of Masovia. W?adys?aw III of Greater Poland did not go to G?sawa. Duke Swietopelk II, a member of the Pomerelian Samborides dynasty, had declared himself independent from Polish vassalage. The High Duke demanded a serious reprimand for Swietopelk, or his complete removal from the duchy. Swietopelk II (probably with the help of W?adys?aw Odonic) attacked first, at G?sawa. On 23 November 1227, Leszek the White and Henry were trapped in an ambush. Leszek was killed and Henry was seriously wounded. Peregrinus of Wiesenburg threw himself on Henry, saving Henry's life. A new power struggle for the Polish throne began.
Henry I, Governor of Krakow
     "Leszek the White left a one-year-old son, Boles?aw, and the Duke of Greater Poland, W?adys?aw III, saw an opportunity to retake Kraków and the title of High Duke under the guise of regency. The Lesser Polish nobles sided with Leszek's brother Duke Konrad I of Masovia. In the Duchy of Sandomierz Boles?aw was declared the rightful heir under the regency of his mother Grzymislawa of Luck, with the help of local nobles. In the Poland, W?adys?aw III had the upper hand in the fight for Kraków, especially after the Congress of Cienia Pierwsza near Kalisz on 5 May 1228, where he granted several privileges to the church and promised to respect the old laws. Complications arose when his nephew W?adys?aw Odonic rebelled against him. High Duke W?adys?aw III focused his attention on Greater Poland and Henry was elected to rule Kraków as a Governor of the High Duke, not as High Duke, in recognition of his military support of W?adys?aw III. The High Duke also promised that Henry and his descendants were to be the heirs of Greater Poland.
Loss of Lesser Poland and imprisonment
     "After Leszek's death, a war between Henry and Duke Konrad I of Masovia erupted in 1228. Initially, Henry was successful as he repelled Konrad forces at the Battles of Mi?dzyborzem, Ska?? and Wrociery?em. Then the situation changed drastically. Henry, a strong supporter of High Duke W?adys?aw III, had difficulty ruling the Kraków nobility. Henry I was governing both his Silesian Duchy and Kraków, and some Kraków nobles thought he favored the Silesia.
     "In 1229 Henry met with Konrad in Spytkowice. During mass, Konrad's knights took Henry prisoner and wounded several of his men. Henry was imprisoned in P?ock Castle, and Henry II the Pious, Henry's I eldest surviving son and heir, became regent of the duchy.
     "Konrad I of Masovia marched against Greater Poland. He was defeated at the walls of Kalisz, but later he managed a victory over W?adys?aw Odonic, the senior sovereign of Greater Poland. W?adys?aw III escaped to Upper Silesian Racibórz, while Konrad, entered Kraków and took the title of High Duke. Henry II was able to maintain Silesia's independence, and he prepared an armed expedition against Lesser Poland.
Konrad I and the intervention of Duchess Hedwig
     "The real help for Henry I's Hedwig of Andechs went to P?ock to speak to Konrad. Konrad decided to release Henry I if he renounced his rights to Kraków. The Pope later freed him of his promise as it was obtained under duress.
     "Meanwhile, the lesser nobles were finding Konrad's rule harsh. Konrad took Duchy of Sandomierz from young Boles?aw V, giving it to his own son, Boles?aw. Henry I and W?adys?aw III planned a military expedition to recover Greater Poland.
Death of W?adys?aw III Spindleshanks. Henry I, High Duke of Poland
     "The expedition against Konrad, undertaken in 1231, ended in a defeat at the walls of Gniezno; but, luckily for Henry, W?adys?aw III died unexpectedly in ?roda ?l?ska, killed by a German girl whom he tried to rape. As he had no issue, his only heir in Greater Poland was Henry. However his authority in these areas was immediately contested. At first, Henry decided to take care of the fate of Lesser Poland, especially after the death of his cousin Duke Casimir I of Opole and the minority of his sons Mieszko II the Fat and W?adys?aw Opolski, both under the guardianship of their mother Viola. He decided to take the regency of Opole on behalf of the infant Dukes, in view of the strategic location of their Duchy on his way to Kraków, and also certainly they helped him to fight. But the most important card in the next conflict wasn't in the hands of Henry and Konrad, but Lesser Poland noble House of Gryfici who decided to support the Silesian Duke. Not without significance was the support which Henry gave -when he was Governor of Kraków- to Grzymislawa of Luck, widow of Leszek the White; fearing for the future of the inheritance of her infant son Boles?aw V, she surrendered the regency of his Duchy of Sandomierz to Henry. Konrad obviously didn't intend to fight with the enormous popularity of Henry's government in both Silesia and Lesser Poland. In 1232, Henry entered Kraków and was proclaimed High Duke and overlord of Poland, and with this, he finally recovered for his Silesian Piast dynasty the title and power which his grandfather W?adys?aw II the Exile had lost in 1146.
First Attempt to gain Greater Poland. Precarious settlement with Konrad of Masovia
     "In 1232 Henry also had an opportunity to gain Greater Poland, and launched an offensive against W?adys?aw Odonic, who was also a claimant this land. The invasion was a failure, however, as a result of inaction of the Silesian nobility and support from the Church of Odonic. In his war for Lesser Poland, however, he had a complete success. In 1233 Henry and Konrad of Masovia signed a treaty in Che?m. Under the terms of this agreement, he had to resign henceforth any pretension over the Lesser Poland lands of ??czyca and Sieradz, but in return received recognition of his rule over Kraków and the title of High Duke. Also, Henry was confirmed in the regency of Sandomierz on behalf of Boles?aw V, a post which Konrad tried to obtain after he ordered the imprisonment of the infant Duke and his mother. Only thanks to the Gryfici's efforts, Boles?aw and Grzymislawa could escape and return to their lands. The struggles over Lesser Poland continued, however, until Henry's death.
The Second War with W?adys?aw Odonic for W?adys?aw III's Inheritance
     "In summer 1234 Henry the Bearded decided to re-intervene in Greater Poland. This time the campaign was totally different to the expedition of two years earlier. Above all, it was because W?adys?aw Odonic lost the support of the nobility, giving part of the royal prerogatives to the Archbishop of Gniezno, Pe?ka. The success was complete and Odonic, wanting to save his power and convinced by the Archbishop, agreed to make an agreement with Henry: he received the half of Greater Poland up to the Warta River, from Kalisz and Pozna?; shortly after, he installed there his son and heir, Henry the Pious, as a Duke. On the other hand, in Lesser Poland, the borders were less secure. The military mutual support between Henry and Odonic was tested in 1235, when Henry managed to recover Wladyslaw's castle in ?rem, in defense of which Borzivoj, son of the deposed Duke Diepold II of Bohemia was killed.
     "The control of Opole was vital to Henry, because this territory, through which all major commercial tracks from Wroc?aw to Kraków were made, was extremely strategically important. In 1234 Henryk decided to separate (under his authority) between the Upper Silesian co-Dukes Mieszko II and W?adys?aw the Ziemia wielu?ska as the common frontier, in return for which he assumed direct control over Opole.
Efforts to obtain the Royal Crown. Attempt to secure his son's Succession
     "The conquest of Greater Poland caused later Polish historians to call Henry King of all Poland and the most powerful Piast Prince of his time. Unfortunately, this wasn't consistent with his real territorial and political state. Actually, each principality was an independent title, and only in Lower Silesia was his authority strong enough to not worry about his succession. The continuous rebellions of Konrad of Masovia and W?adys?aw Odonic forced Henry in 1234 to designate his son Henry II the Pious as the heir to the throne. After that, Henry was styled Duke of Silesia and Kraków, and his son Duke of Silesia and Greater Poland. He also made an agreement with the Lesser Polish nobility, who could assure the succession of his son. In order to achieve full protection of the possession of Kraków in his bloodline, Henry began efforts towards the coronation of his son as a King of Poland. To this end, he established contacts with the Holy Roman Emperor, Frederick II of Hohenstaufen. However, the increasing conflicts with the church and his own death prevented this idea.
Internal politics
     "In internal politics Henry maintained the power of the other Piast Dukes under his control. In order to neutralize the growing power of the nobility, he sought to promote Knighthood. Also, he started to restrict the role of land officials, especially chastellains. The complete elimination of the nobility was impossible, and for this, Henry based their government on the support of noble families, like the Gryfici.
     "The relationship with the Church wasn't good all the time. In many cases Henry decided to give concessions, but at the end, by one way or other, the conflict arose again. At the end of his life, the conflicts were even more complicated.
     "During his reign, Henry also improved the economy and infrastructure of his lands by supporting the immigration of German settlers (Ostsiedlung), mainly from the home of his wife, Franconia and Bavaria. Although it is alleged that this policy contributed to the significant Germanization of Silesia, some historians believe that was a common fact during the 13th century and Henry was misunderstood as a result of this. Colonization of Germans didn't cover only Silesia (which prospered considerably thanks to that), but also a dozen other towns or villages in his duchy; in consequence, Henry had to create new town laws for the new foreigners; the first was granted in 1211 in Z?otoryja (Goldberg).
Death
     "Henry died in 1238 in Krosno Odrza?skie (Crossen an der Oder) and was buried in the Cistercian church of Trzebnica (Trebnitz) which he had founded in 1202 on the request of his wife.
Assessment and legacy
     "Henry the Bearded is considered by historians as one of the most prominent Piast Princes from the period of Poland's feudal fragmentation. However, all his work was destroyed only three years after his death due to a completely unexpected event; the Mongolian invasions. In general historians agree that if the disaster at the Battle of Legnica had never happened, Poland would have been united in the middle of the 13th century, and avoided the territorial losses that occurred. As a capable politician Henry managed to make Silesia one of the most powerful states of fragmented Poland, and also tried to maintain peace in Greater and Lesser Poland during a period of considerable changes in Western Europe. One contemporary chronicler called him An honest man who only thought to be useful to his people. His personal emblem was a white inverted-cross in the middle of the arc, in the form of white and black eagle on the wings; this remained as the emblem of Silesia.
Marriage and issue
     "By 1188, Henry married Hedwig of Andechs (ca. 1174 – Abbey of Trebnitz, 15 October 1243), daughter of Duke Berthold IV of Merania. They had seven children:
1. Agnes (ca. 1190 – before 11 May 1214).
2. Boles?aw (ca. 1191 – 10 September 1206/08).
3.Henry II the Pious (ca. 1196 – killed in battle, Legnica, 9 April 1241).
4. K onrad the Curly (ca. 1198 – Czerwony Kosciol, 4 September 1213).
5. Sophie (ca. 1200 – before 22/23 March 1214).
6. Gertrude (ca. 1200 – Trebnitz, 6/30 December 1268), Abbess of Trebnitz.
7. A son [W?adys?aw?] (before 25 December 1208 – 1214/17).
In Fiction
     "Henry the Bearded and his son Henry II the Pious are characters in "The Crosstime Engineer" and three of its sequels, by Leo Frankowski
References
** Cawley, Charles; Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, Medieval Lands Project; Silesia v3.0; Dukes of Breslau (Wroc?aw) and Lower Silesia 1163-1278 (Piast) (Chap 4); Heinrich I Duke of Lower Silesia; retrieved May 2015.[1]
** HENRYK I BRODATY (?L?SKI)
     "This article was based on the article in Polish Wikipedia."¹² EDV-23.

; Per Genealogy.EU: "Duke Henryk I "Brodaty" (Heinrich "the Bearded") of Lower Silesia (1201-38), Cracow 1228, Great Poland 1234 and Opollen and Ratibor, *1165/70, +Krosno Odrzanske 19.3.1238; m.1188/92 [St.] Hedwig von Andechs (*ca 1174 +15.10.1243.)¹"

; Per Med Lands:
     "HEINRICH of Silesia, son of BOLESLAW Duke of Breslau [Piast] & his second wife Christina --- ([1165/70]-Krosno 19 Mar 1238). The Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum names "Boleslaum et Henricum dictum cum barba" as the sons of "Boleslaus Altus, primogenitus Vlodislai monarchi" & his second wife "Adilheidem, sororem imperatricis coniugis Conradi secundi imperatoris"[115]. The Chronica principum Polonie names "Henricum dictum cum barba et Conradum et filiam Adilheudim" as the children of Boleslaw and his second wife, adding that Adelheid married "marchio Moravie Dypoldus"[116]. He succeeded his father in 1201 as HEINRICH I “der Bärtige/Brodaly” Duke of Lower Silesia in Breslau. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Bolislaum patrem ducis Vrescelavie Henrici"[117]. The Annales Capituli Cracoviensis record that in 1225 "Henricus dux Zlesie stetit in Cracovia octo diebus cum suo exercitu et recessit"[118]. The Annales Capituli Cracoviensis record that in 1229 "Henricus dux Zlesie captus est a duce Cunrado"[119]. After the death in 1231 of his cousin W?adys?aw III "Laskonogi/Thinboned", Heinrich attempted to establish control over Greater Poland and Krakow, challenged by the other Polish princes among whom the deceased’s nephew W?adys?aw[120]. The Annales Wratislavienses record the death "1238 XIV Kal Apr" of "dux…Heinricus dictus cum barba", and his burial "in monasterio Trebnicensi"[121]. The Epytaphia ducum Slezie adds that he was fifth son of "Bolezlei Alti fundatoris Lubensis" when recording his death[122].
     "m (1188/92]) HEDWIG von Andechs-Merano, daughter of BERTHOLD III Duke of Merano, Marchese of Istria, Graf von Andechs & his wife Agnes von Wettin ([1176/80]-9 Oct 1243, bur Trebnitz). The Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum names "Hedwigem…filiam ducis Meranie Bertoldi, sororem domine Gerdrudis regine Ungarie et domine Engeldrudis regine Francie" as wife of "Henricus dictus cum barba"[123]. The Annales Wratislavienses name "sancte Hedwigis" as wife of "dux…Heinricus dictus cum barba"[124]. She founded an abbey of Cistercian nuns at Trzebnica [Trebnitz] near Wroc?aw [Breslau], where she cultivated the cult of her niece St Elisabeth of Hungary. The Epytaphia ducum Slezie record the death "1243 VII Id Oct" of "mater iam dicti Henrici beata Hedwigis" and her canonisation "1266 VIII Kal Dec"[125]. The Chronica principum Polonie adds that "beatissima Hedwigis" was buried "in monasterio Trebenicensi"[126]."
Med Lands cites: He was Duke of Opole between 1201 and 1202.¹² He was Duke of Silesia (Wroclaw) between 1201 and 1238.¹² He was Duke of Kalisz between 1206 and 1207.¹² He was High Duke Poland; Duke of greater Polandee attached map of Henryk's kingdom (from Wikipedia: By derivative work: Greg84 (talk)_Mon_Henrykow_Slaskich_(1201-1241).png:Zuber & MariuszR Translation into English - _Mon_Henrykow_Slaskich_(1201-1241).png, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4805177) between 1232 and 1238.¹² He was Duke of Kalisz in 1234.¹²

     Saint Agnes (Anezka) (?) of Prague was born in 1205 at Prague, Okres Praha, Bohemia, Czech Republic (now).^1,2 She and Heinrich VII (?) von Hohenstaufen, King of Germany were engaged. Saint Agnes (Anezka) (?) of Prague and Friedrich II/IV Roger (?) Holy Roman Emperor, King of Jerusalem were engaged.²
Saint Agnes (Anezka) (?) of Prague died on 6 March 1282 at Saint Saviour convent, Prague, Okres Praha, Bohemia, Czech Republic (now).^1,2
      ; St. Agnes of Bohemia - (Also called Agnes of Prague). Born at Prague in the year 1200; died probably in 1281. She was the daughter of Ottocar, King of Bohemia and Constance of Hungary, a relative of St. Elizabeth. At an early age she was sent to the monastery of Treinitz, where at the hands of the Cistercian religious she received the education that became her rank. She was betrothed to Frederick II, Emperor of Germany; but when the time arrived for the solemnization of the marriage, it was impossible to persuade her to abandon the resolution she had made of consecrating herself to the service of God in the sanctuary of the cloister. The Emperor Frederick was incensed at the unsuccessful issue of his matrimonial venture, but, on learning that St. Agnes had left him to become the spouse of Christ, he is said to have remarked: "If she had left me for a mortal man, I would have taken vengeance with the sword, but I cannot take offence because in preference to me she has chosen the King of Heaven." The servant of God entered the Order of St. Clare in the monastery of St. Saviour at Prague, which she herself had erected. She was elected abbess of the monastery, and became in this office a model of Christian virtue and religious observance for all. God favoured her with the gift of miracles, and she predicted the victory of her brother Wenceslaus over the Duke of Austria. The exact year of her death is not certain; 1281 is the most probable date. She was canonized a saint by Pope John Paul II on November 12, 1989. Her feast is kept on the second of March.

STEPHEN M. DONOVAN
Transcribed by Paul T. Crowley
Dedicated to the Clarissen Klooster, Elshout: Poor Clare Monastery of Mary, Mother of the Church, Eindhoven, Holland--founded 1990 A.D.
The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume I
Copyright © 1907 by Robert Appleton Company
Online Edition Copyright © 2003 by Kevin Knight
Nihil Obstat, March 1, 1907. Remy Lafort, S.T.D., Censor
Imprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York.³

; AGNES of Prague (Also known as Agnes of Bohemia)
Memorial
6 March
Profile
Princess. Daughter of King Ottokar I (Ottocar) and Queen Constance of Bohemia. Relative of Saint Elizabeth of Hungary.

Educated by Cistercian nuns at Trebnitz. Though she early perceived a call to religious life, Agnes was for years promised into a series of arranged marriages for political reassons. At age three she was promised to a prince named Boleslaus. When he died young, prior to the marriage, she was betrothed to Prince Henry, son of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II. When Henry chose to marry another, young Agnes was betrothed to Emperor Frederick himself. With the help and intervention of Pope Gregory IX, Frederick was affronted, but released from her marriage obligations, acknowledging that he had lost her to the king of heaven.

She built a Franciscan hospital on land donated by her brother, King Wenceslaus I. She then established the Confraternity of the Crusadera of the Red Star to staff it and its related clinics. She later built a Franciscan friary, and in 1234, Poor Clare convent of Saint Saviour in Prague with the aid of five nuns sent by Clare of Assisi herself. Agnes entered the convent of Saint Saviour herself on Pentecost Sunday 1234, eventually became its abbess, and spent 50 years in the cloister.

Agnes was always free with her wealth in service of the poor. She enjoyed cooking for the other sisters, and mending the clothes of lepers. She had the gifts of healing and prophecy, and was given to ecstacies. Though they never met, she and Saint Clare of Assisi kept up an extensive correspondence for two decades, and some of the letters have survived to today.
Born
1205 at Prague, Bohemia (modern Czech Republic)
Died
6 March 1282 at Saint Saviour convent, Prague, Bohemia of natural causes
Beatified
1874 by Pope Pius IX
Canonized
12 November 1989 by Pope John Paul II at Rome
Additional Information
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Catholic Encyclopedia, by Stephen M Donovan
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Readings
Agnes of Bohemia, although she lived in a period far removed from ours, still remains a shining example of the Christian faith and heroic charity, which invites us to reflection and imitation. She is an example of courage and spiritual help for the young people who generously consecrate themselves to the religious life; for all those who follow Christ; she isa stimulus of chairty practiced toward everyone with total dedication, overcoming every barrier of race, nation or mentality; she is the heavenly protectress of our difficult daily journey. To her we can therefore turn with great trust and hope.

- Pope John Paul II, during the canonization of Saint Agnes.² Saint Agnes (Anezka) (?) of Prague was also known as Saint Agnes (?) of Bohemia.^2,3

; canonized by Pope John Paul II at Rome.^1,2

     Blazena (?) of Bohemia was born in 1210.¹
Blazena (?) of Bohemia died on 24 October 1281 at Milan, Città Metropolitana di Milano, Lombardia, Italy (now).¹

     Agnes (?) died; died young.¹

     Vladislav III Heinrich (?) Margrave of Moravia, Duke of Bohemia married Hedwiga (?)¹
Vladislav III Heinrich (?) Margrave of Moravia, Duke of Bohemia was born circa 1160.¹
Vladislav III Heinrich (?) Margrave of Moravia, Duke of Bohemia died on 12 August 1222 at Znojmo.¹
Vladislav III Heinrich (?) Margrave of Moravia, Duke of Bohemia was buried after 12 August 1222 at Cistercian monastery, Velehrad, Czech Republic (now).¹
      ; Vladislav III Heinrich, Margrave of Moravia (1192-94)+(1197-1222), Duke of Bohemia (22.6.-6.12.1197), *ca 1160, +Znojmo 12.8.1222, bur Cistercian monastery, Velehrad; m.Hedwiga N.¹ He was Margrave of Moravia between 1192 and 1194.¹ He was Duke of Bohemia in 1197.¹ He was Margrave of Moravia between 1197 and 1222.¹

     Johanna (?) von Jülich married Wilhelm von Isenburg Graf von Wied before 21 November 1351
;
His 2nd wife. Per Med Lands: "before 21 Nov 1351, Papal dispensation 21 Nov 1351, contract 27 Jun 1354."^1,3,2
Johanna (?) von Jülich died between 17 September 1357 and 11 November 1362.^1,2
      ; Per Med Lands:
     "JOHANNA (-[1357/62]). Pope Clement VI granted dispensation for the marriage between “Wilhelmum comitem Wedensem” and “Iohannam natam Willelmi marchionis Iuliacensis Trever. et Colon. dioc.”, who were married despite knowing the 4° consanguinity between them, dated 21 Nov 1351[1013].
     "m (before 21 Nov 1351, Papal dispensation 21 Nov 1351, contract 27 Jun 1354) as his second wife, WILHELM von Isenburg Graf von Wied, son of BRUNO [IV] von Isenburg Herr von Wied & his wife Heilwig von Katzenelnbogen (-17 Jul 1383)."
Med Lands cites: [1013] Rheinlande Vatikanischen, Band III, 980, p. 385.¹

Reference: Genealogics cites:

     Kunigunde (?) of Bohemia was buried sft 27/11/1321 at St. Vliet, Prague, Okres Praha, Bohemia, Czech Republic.³ She was born in January 1265.^1,3 She and Hartmann von Habsburg were engaged in 1276.^5,3 Kunigunde (?) of Bohemia married Boleslaw II (?) Prince of Plock and Mazowia, son of Ziemowit I (?) Duke of Mazovia and Pereslajawa Danielowna (?) of Halicz, in 1291
; his 2nd wife.^6,7,3 Kunigunde (?) of Bohemia and Boleslaw II (?) Prince of Plock and Mazowia were divorced before 19 December 1302.^6,7,3
Kunigunde (?) of Bohemia died on 27 November 1321 at Prague, Okres Praha, Bohemia, Czech Republic (now), at age 56.^1,3
      ; Per Med Lands:
     "KUNIGUNDE (Jan 1265-27 Nov 1321, bur Prague St Veit). The Chronica Pragensis (Chronicon Francisci) records the baptism of "Rex Przsemysl…filiæ suæ primogenitæ" in 1265[326]. The Chronica Pragensis (Chronicon Francisci) records that "filia Regis…Chungundis" became a nun "ad sanctum Franciscum" in 1276, but that she was later taken from the monastery by her brother and married to "Duci Mazouiæ", after whose death she became "Abbatissa ad sanctum Georgium in castro Pragensis"[327]. The primary source which confirms her first betrothal has not yet been identified. The Chronica Pragensis (Chronicon Francisci) records the death in 1321 of "Regis Przemysl filia, Abbatissa ad sanctum Georgium in castro Pragensi…Chunegundis" and her burial in the monastery[328].
     "Betrothed ([1276]) to HARTMANN von Habsburg Graf von Kiburg, son of RUDOLF I Graf von Habsburg King of Germany & his first wife Gertrud [Anna] von Hohenberg [Zollern] (Rheinfelden 1263-drowned between Breisach and Strasbourg 21 Dec 1281, bur Basel Münster).
     "m (1291, divorced before 19 Dec 1302) as his second wife, BOLES?AW II Prince of Plock, son of SIEMOWIT I Prince of Mazovia [Piast] & his wife Pereiaslava Daniilovich of Galich (after 1251-20 Apr 1313). He succeeded his brother in 1294 as BOLES?AW II Prince of Mazovia. "
Med Lands cites:

; a nun.¹

     Boleslaw II (?) Prince of Plock and Mazowia was born after 1251.^1,2 He married Gaudemunda (?) of Lithuania, daughter of Trojden (?) Prince of Lithuania, in 1279
; his 1st wife.^1,2 Boleslaw II (?) Prince of Plock and Mazowia married Kunigunde (?) of Bohemia, daughter of Przemysl II Ottokar (?) King of Bohemia and Kunigunda Rostislavna (?) of Halicz, in 1291
; his 2nd wife.^1,2,5 Boleslaw II (?) Prince of Plock and Mazowia and Kunigunde (?) of Bohemia were divorced before 19 December 1302.^1,2,5
Boleslaw II (?) Prince of Plock and Mazowia died on 20 April 1313.^1,2
      ; Pr Boleslaw II of Plock and Masovia (1289-1302), *after 1251, +1313; 1m: 1279 Gaudemunda (+1288) dau.of Pr Trojden of Lithuania; 2m: 1291 (div before 19.12.1302) Kunigunde of Bohemia (+1321.)¹

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: II 123.⁶

; Per Genealogics:
     "Boleslaw II, duke of Masovia, duke of Plock, was born about 1251, the younger son of Siemowit I, duke of Masovia, and Pereslajawa Danielowna of Halicz. He became duke of Masovia in 1262 on the death of his father, killed by the Lithuanians who also captured his brother. As Boleslaw was underage, the regency of the duchy of Masovia was taken by his mother Pereslajawa and Boleslaw 'the Pious', duke of Kalisch and Poland.
     "In 1275 Boleslaw shared the rule of Masovia with his brother Konrad II and he became duke of Plock. Boleslaw II did not consider his share of the duchy of Masovia to be adequate, and a prolonged conflict broke out between the brothers. In 1279 he formed an alliance with the Lithuanians when he married Gaudimanté 'Sophia' of Lithuania. Their son Trojden I would have progeny. Boleslaw was also an ally of his cousin Wladislaw I Lokietek, the future king of Poland, who was then duke of Kuyavia.
     "On 30 September 1288, Leszek II 'the Black' (Leszek Czarny), duke of Sieradz, duke of Cracow, died without leaving an heir. Part of the nobility of Lesser Poland supported the accession of Boleslaw. He faced Henryk IV 'Probus', duke of Wroclaw, who also aspired to succeed in Krakow. Later that year Boleslaw seized Sandomierz and Krakow. On 26 February 1289 he defeated Henryk IV 'Probus'.
     "Despite Boleslaw's victory, the inhabitants of Kracow offered power to Henryk IV. Powerful Lesser Poland rallied to Henryk, ending Boleslaw's hopes of ascending the throne in Kracow. He gave the duchy of Sandomierz to his brother Konrad II. This greatly dissatisfied the nobles of Lesser Poland, accustomed to seeing the duke of Krakow reign over Sandomierz. Boleslaw finally left to Wladislaw I Lokietek all his claims on Lesser Poland and retired to his duchy. The only positive aspect of this struggle for the throne of Krakow was Boleslaw's reconciliation with his brother Konrad II.
     "Gaudimanté died about 1288, and in 1291 Boleslaw married Kunigunde of Bohemia, the eldest daughter of Przemysl Ottokar II, king of Bohemia, and his second wife Kunigunde of Halicz. They had three children of whom Waclaw and Eufrozyna would have progeny.
     "Kunigunde's brother Wenceslas wanted her to marry Boleslaw for political reasons. Wenceslas had claimed the throne of Poland, which led to a civil war because other Polish nobles and citizens favoured Wladislaw I Lokietek to become king of Poland. Wenceslas needed help to keep Poland, so marrying Kunigunde to Boleslaw would create an alliance which would help Wenceslas remain king of Poland. During Wladislaw's siege of Sieradz, Wenceslas and Boleslaw fought together against him. The alliance between Wenceslas and Boleslaw did not last for the duration of the marriage. Boleslaw's brother Konrad II, duke of Masovia, had died in 1294 without surviving children. He left some of his land to his younger brother Boleslaw but the rest went to King Wenceslas. Boleslaw wanted those lands, and Wenceslas broke his alliance with him. Due to this, Boleslaw did not support Wenceslas' rule in Poland. He also sent Kunigunde back to Prague, though he never divorced her.
     "In 1310 Boleslaw offered some of Masovia (the duchies of Warsaw and Czersk) to his eldest son Trojden I.
     "Boleslaw died on 20 April 1313."⁶ He was Prince of Plock and Masovia between 1289 and 1302.¹

     Gaudemunda (?) of Lithuania married Boleslaw II (?) Prince of Plock and Mazowia, son of Ziemowit I (?) Duke of Mazovia and Pereslajawa Danielowna (?) of Halicz, in 1279
; his 1st wife.^1,2
Gaudemunda (?) of Lithuania died in 1288.¹
      ; dau.of Pr Trojden of Lithuania.¹

     Heinrich (?) was born in 1262.¹
Heinrich (?) died in 1263.¹

     Heinrich (?) z Lipe married Ryksa Elzbieta (?) of Poland, daughter of Przemysl/Przemislaw II (?) King of Poland and Richeza/Rixa (?) of Sweden, in 1315
;
His 2nd wife; her 3rd husband.^1,2

     Premysl Ottakar (?) was born on 6 May 1288.¹
Premysl Ottakar (?) died on 10 November 1288.¹

     Jan (?) was born on 26 February 1294.¹
Jan (?) died on 1 March 1294.¹

     Jan (?) was born on 21 March 1295.¹
Jan (?) died on 6 December 1296 at age 1.¹