Person Page - 379

     Maj. Gen. John Humphrey Gent. of Chaldon married Isabel William
; his 1st wife.¹ Maj. Gen. John Humphrey Gent. of Chaldon was born circa 1596.^2,1 He married Elizabeth Pelham, daughter of Herbert I Pelham Esq. and Hon. Elizabeth West, on 4 September 1621 at Salisbury, Wiltshire, England,
; his 2nd wife.^2,1,3 Maj. Gen. John Humphrey Gent. of Chaldon married Susan Clinton aka Fiennes, daughter of Thomas Clinton (alias Fiennes) 3rd Earl of Lincoln, 11th Lord Clinton and Elizabeth Knyvett, circa 1630
; his 3rd wife.^4,1 Maj. Gen. John Humphrey Gent. of Chaldon married Mary (?) before 16 December 1651
; his 4th wife.¹
Maj. Gen. John Humphrey Gent. of Chaldon died between 16 December 1651 and 23 March 1652.²

His estate was probated on 23 March 1651/52
; P.C.C. 1653 co. 297.¹
     Maj. Gen. John Humphrey Gent. of Chaldon lived Jul 1734 - Oct 1641 at Lynn, Essex Co., Massachusetts, USA.⁴ He was Deputy Governor at Massachusetts, USA.⁴

Maj. Gen. John Humphrey Gent. of Chaldon lived at Chaldon, Dorsetshire, England.⁴

.⁵

Maj. Gen. John Humphrey Gent. of Chaldon and Susan Clinton aka Fiennes emigrated in July 1634 from Massachusetts, USA.^6,1

Maj. Gen. John Humphrey Gent. of Chaldon and Susan Clinton aka Fiennes emigrated in 1635; emigrated to New England.⁷

Maj. Gen. John Humphrey Gent. of Chaldon left a will on 16 December 1651.¹

     John Spencer Gent. married Joan (?)¹

     John Spencer Gent. lived at co. Somerset, England; Frampton, Dorset, Ashbury, Devon and Brompton Ralph.¹ He was Knight of the Shire for Dorset.¹

     Joan (?) married John Spencer Gent.¹

      .¹

     Sir William Stafford K.B. was born circa 1500 at Blatherwick, Northumberland, England.⁵ He married Mary Boleyn, daughter of Sir Thomas Boleyn KB, KG, 1st Earl of Wiltshire, Earl of Ormond and Lady Elizabeth Howard, circa 1528 at Chebsey, Staffordshire, England,
; her 2nd husband; van de Pas says m. 1534.^6,5,2,7 Sir William Stafford K.B. married Dorothy Stafford, daughter of Lord Henry Stafford 1st Baron Stafford and Ursula Pole, circa 1545.^8,1,9

Sir William Stafford K.B. died in 1556.
      .¹⁰

     Robert Knollys of Rotherfield married Lettice Peynston, daughter of Sir Thomas Peniston and Alice Bulstrode.^4,5,6,1

Robert Knollys of Rotherfield died before 19 June 1521.^5,1
     He was Gentleman Usher of the Privy Chamber to Henry VIII.⁵

; van de pas cites: The Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Edinburgh, 1977, Paget, Gerald, Reference: O 29493.¹

Robert Knollys of Rotherfield lived at Rotherfield Greys, Oxfordshire, England.⁴

     Lettice Peynston married Robert Knollys of Rotherfield, son of Robert Knollys and Elizabeth (?).^5,6,1,7

Lettice Peynston died after 1520.⁶
      ; van de pas cites: The Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Edinburgh, 1977, Paget, Gerald, Reference: O 29494.¹

Lettice Peynston lived at Hawridge, Buckinghamshire, England.⁶ Lettice Peynston was also known as Lettice Penystone.¹ Lettice Peynston was also known as Lettice Peniston.³

.⁵

     Sir Thomas Peniston married Alice Bulstrode, daughter of Richard Bulstrode of Hedgerley and Alice Kniffe.^4,5,1

      ; van de pas cites: The Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Edinburgh, 1977, Paget, Gerald, Reference: P 58987.¹

Sir Thomas Peniston lived at Hawridge, Buckinghamshire, England.⁶ Sir Thomas Peniston was also known as Sir Thomas Peynston Knt.

     Katherine/Catalina (?) of Aragon was born on 15 December 1485 at Alcala de Henares, Aragon, Spain (now).^5,1 She married Arthur (?) Prince of Wales, Earl of Chester, son of Henry VII (?) King of England and Elizabeth (?) of York, Queen of England, on 14 November 1501 at St. Paul's Cathedral, London, City of London, Greater London, England.^6,2,1
Katherine/Catalina (?) of Aragon married Henry VIII (?) King of England, son of Henry VII (?) King of England and Elizabeth (?) of York, Queen of England, on 3 June 1509 at Greenwich, England,
; Genealogy.EU (Ivrea 8 page) says m. 11 Jun 1509.^5,1 Katherine/Catalina (?) of Aragon and Henry VIII (?) King of England were divorced on 23 May 1533.^5,1
Katherine/Catalina (?) of Aragon died on 7 January 1536 at Kimbolton Castle, Huntingdonshire, England, at age 50.^5,1
      ; Catalina, *Alcala de Henares 15.12.1485, +Kimbolton Castle 7.1.1536; 1m: London 14.11.1501 Pr Arthur of Wales (+1502); 2m: Greenwich 11.6.1509 (div 1533) King Henry VIII of England (*28.6.1491 +18.2.1547.)¹

.⁶ Katherine/Catalina (?) of Aragon was also known as Catherine (?) of Aragon.

; Maid of Honour to CATHERINE OF ARAGON.⁷

     Mary I (?) Queen of England was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, City of Westminster, Greater London, England.¹ She was born on 18 February 1516 at Greenwich, England.^1,2 She married Felipe II/Philip II (?) King of Portugal, King of Spain, son of Charles/Karl V/I (?) King of Spain, Holy Roman Emperor and Isabella (?) of Portugal, on 25 July 1554 at Winchester, co. Hampshire, England,
; his 2nd wife.^1,3,4,5
Mary I (?) Queen of England died on 17 November 1558 at age 42.¹
     She was Queen of England between 30 November 1553 and 11 November 1558 at England.^6,1

     Queen Elizabeth I Tudor was born on 7 September 1533 at Greenwich, England.¹
Queen Elizabeth I Tudor died on 24 March 1603 at Richmond, England, at age 69.¹
     Queen Elizabeth I Tudor was also known as Elizabeth I Queen of England. She was Queen of England between 15 January 1559 and 24 March 1603.¹

     Queen Jane Seymour was born circa 1508.⁴ She married Henry VIII (?) King of England, son of Henry VII (?) King of England and Elizabeth (?) of York, Queen of England, on 20 May 1536 at Wolf Hall, Savernake, Wiltshire, England.⁵

Queen Jane Seymour died on 14 October 1537 at Hampton Court Palace, London, City of London, Greater London, England.³

     Edward VI (?) King of England was born on 12 October 1537 at Hampton Court Palace, London, City of London, Greater London, England.¹
Edward VI (?) King of England died on 6 July 1553 at Greenwich, England, at age 15.¹
      .² He was King of England between 20 February 1547 and 6 July 1553.¹

     Sir John Seymour Knt., KB, of Wolf Hall, Wiltshire was born in 1476.^5,3 He married Margaret (Margery) Wentworth, daughter of Sir Henry Wentworth Knt., KB, de jure 4th Lord Despenser, of Nettlestead, Suffolk and Anne Say,
; six sons and four daughters.^1,2,6,7,3
Sir John Seymour Knt., KB, of Wolf Hall, Wiltshire was buried after 1536 at Great Bedwyn, Wiltshire, England; moved to the chancel.⁵
Sir John Seymour Knt., KB, of Wolf Hall, Wiltshire died on 21 December 1536.^4,5,2,3
     He was Sheriff of Wiltshire.⁵

; Sir JOHN SEYMOUR, KB (1513), of Wolf Hall, Wilts; a cdr against the Cornish rebels 1497, Sheriff Dorset, Somerset and Wilts; m Margery (d 1550), 2nd dau of Sir Henry Wentworth, KB (see LYTTON, E), and d 21 Dec 1536.²

; per Richardson: "JOHN SEYMOUR, Knt., of Wolf Hall (in Great Bedwyn), Wiltshire, Sheriff of Wiltshire, 1507–8, 1518–9, 1524–6, Constable of Bristol Castle [with his son, Edward], 1517, son and heir, born 1476, died 1536. He married MARGERY WENTWORTH, died 1550, daughter of Henry Wentworth, K.B., of Nettlestead, Suffolk.³

Sir John Seymour Knt., KB, of Wolf Hall, Wiltshire lived at Wolf Hall, Wiltshire, England.⁵

.⁸

     Margaret (Margery) Wentworth married Sir John Seymour Knt., KB, of Wolf Hall, Wiltshire, son of John Seymour Esq., of Wolf Hall and Elizabeth Darrell,
; six sons and four daughters.^7,5,2,3,4
Margaret (Margery) Wentworth died in October 1550; died testate.^8,5
      .⁹

     Sir Henry Wentworth Knt., KB, de jure 4th Lord Despenser, of Nettlestead, Suffolk was born circa 1448; Richardson says "aged 30 in 1478."^2,3 He married Anne Say, daughter of Sir John Say Knt., of Baas, etc. Essex and Elizabeth Cheyne, before 20 February 1484
; two sons and two daughters; his 1st wife.^2,8,3,4 Sir Henry Wentworth Knt., KB, de jure 4th Lord Despenser, of Nettlestead, Suffolk married Lady Elizabeth Neville, daughter of John Neville Knt., KG, 1st Marquess of Montagu and Isabel Ingaldesthorpe, circa 22 October 1494
; his 2nd wife; date of license.^9,2,10,3,4
Sir Henry Wentworth Knt., KB, de jure 4th Lord Despenser, of Nettlestead, Suffolk died between 17 August 1499 and 27 February 1501.¹¹

His estate was probated between 27 February 1500 and 1501
; P.C.C. 20 Moone.⁴
Sir Henry Wentworth Knt., KB, de jure 4th Lord Despenser, of Nettlestead, Suffolk was buried circa 27 February 1501 at Newhouse Abbery, Lincolnshire, England.^2,3
     Sir Henry Wentworth Knt., KB, de jure 4th Lord Despenser, of Nettlestead, Suffolk lived at Nettlestead, co. Suffolk, England.¹¹ He was Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk, Sheriff of Yorkshire.^2,4 He was Lord le Despencer.¹¹

; van de Pas cites: 1. Cahiers de Saint Louis , Dupont, Jacques and Saillot, Jacques, Reference: 830
2. The Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Edinburgh, 1977, Paget, Gerald, Reference: P 58947.^12,4

Sir Henry Wentworth Knt., KB, de jure 4th Lord Despenser, of Nettlestead, Suffolk left a will on 17 August 1499.⁴

Sir Henry Wentworth Knt., KB, de jure 4th Lord Despenser, of Nettlestead, Suffolk left a will on 17 August 1499; Proved 27 Feb 1500/1.²

     Anne (?) of Cleves was born on 22 September 1516 at Dusseldorf, Germany.¹ She married Henry VIII (?) King of England, son of Henry VII (?) King of England and Elizabeth (?) of York, Queen of England, on 6 January 1540 at Greenwich, England.^2,1

Anne (?) of Cleves died on 17 July 1557 at Chelsea, co. Middlesex, England, at age 40; Genealogy.EU (Cleves 5 page) says d. 28 July 1557.^2,1
     The marriage of Anne (?) of Cleves and Henry VIII (?) King of England was annulled on 9 July 1540.^2,1

     Johann III (?) Duke of Jülich and Berg , Duke of Cleves was born in 1490.² He married Marie (?) of Julich-Berg, daughter of Wilhelm III (?) Duke of Julich and Berg and Sibylle (?) Markgräfin von Brandenburg, in 1510.^3,1,2,4

Johann III (?) Duke of Jülich and Berg , Duke of Cleves died in 1539.²
     He was Duke of Jülich and Berg 1511, Duke of Cleves 1521, Duke of Jülich-Kleve-Berg (1524-39.)²

.³

     Marie (?) of Julich-Berg was born in 1491.^2,3 She married Johann III (?) Duke of Jülich and Berg , Duke of Cleves, son of Johann II "der Kindermacher" (?) Duke of Cleves and Matilda (?) von Hessen, in 1510.^5,1,2,3

Marie (?) of Julich-Berg died in 1543.^2,3
      .⁵

     Wilhelm III (?) Duke of Julich and Berg was born on 9 January 1455.^1,3 He married Elisabeth (?) von Nassau-Saarbrucken on 19 October 1472
; his 1st wife.^5,3 Wilhelm III (?) Duke of Julich and Berg married Sibylle (?) Markgräfin von Brandenburg, daughter of Albrecht III Achilles (?) Elector of Brandenburg and Anna (?) Duchess of Saxony, on 8 July 1481
; his 2nd wife.^1,3,6
Wilhelm III (?) Duke of Julich and Berg died on 6 September 1511 at age 56.^1,3
      ; Leo van de pas cites: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: I 189.³ He was Duke of Jülich and Berg between 1475 and 1511.³

     Queen Katherine Howard was born circa 1525 at Lambeth, co. Surrey, England.^4,2 She married Henry VIII (?) King of England, son of Henry VII (?) King of England and Elizabeth (?) of York, Queen of England, on 28 July 1540 at Hampton Court Palace, London, City of London, Greater London, England.^4,2

Queen Katherine Howard died on 13 February 1542 at Tower of London, London, City of London, Greater London, England; executed; chaqrged with adultery.^5,3,2

     Lord Edmund Howard Knt., of Lambeth, Surrey married Dorothy Troyes, daughter of Thomas Troyes.²
Lord Edmund Howard Knt., of Lambeth, Surrey was born circa 1478.^8,3,5 He married Joyce Culpeper, daughter of Richard Culpeper Esq., Lord of Oxenheath, etc. Kent and Isabel (Joyce) Worsley, after November 1509
; her 2nd husband; date of death of 1st husband.^9,8,3,5,6
Lord Edmund Howard Knt., of Lambeth, Surrey died on 19 March 1539; Utz email says d. 19 March 1538/39; Faris says 19 March 1537.^8,3,6
     He was Controller of Calais at Calais, France (now).⁵

; Edmund; Marshal of Horse at Flodden 1513; m 1st Joyce, dau and coheir of Sir Richard Culpepper; m 2nd Dorothy (dsp), dau of Thomas Troyes, and d 1538.²

; Faris (1999, p. 250): [quote] . EDMUND HOWARD, younger son, was born about 1478. He was married for the first time after 1509 to JOYCE CULPEPER widow (with five children) of RALPH LEIGH, of Stockwell in Lambeth, Surrey (died before 1 Feb. 1509/10), and daughter of Richard Culpeper, Knt., of Oxenhoath in West Peckham, Kent (descendant of King Edward I), by his second wife Isabel, daughter of Otewell Worsley, of Southwark, Surrey [see STOCKMAN 6 for her ancestry and for descendants of this marriage]. She was born about 1480 (aged twelve and more in 1492). He was Marshal of the Horse at the Battle of Flodden Field on 9 Sep. 1513 under his older brother, the Earl of Surrey. He attended King Henry VIII at the Field of the Cloth of Gold in 1520 when he was listed as one of the "challenging English knights" in the succession of tournaments which entertained the French and English courts. He was with his brother, Lord Edward Howard, in the expedition against Scotland in 1523, the year of Sir John Leigh's death. She died after 1527. He was married for the second time to DOROTHY TROYE. He became Controller of Calais. EDMUND HOWARD died aged sixty-one on 19 Mar. 1537 or 1543.
H.S.P. 74:81 (1923). Mary Isaac (1955), pp. 348-353. Pager (1957) 294:2. Abel Lunt (1963), p. 237.

Children of Edmund Howard, by Joyce Culpeper:
i.     MARGARET HOWARD, married THOMAS ARUNDELL [see CALVERT 4].3
ii.     KATHERINE HOWARD, born about 1525, charged with adultery, beheaded on Tower Green on 13 Feb. 1541/2; married at Hampton Court Palace, 28 July 1540, as his fifth wife, HENRY
VIII OF ENGLAND, King of England [see TUDOR 3]. [end quote]⁹

     Joyce Culpeper was born circa 1480; Richardson says "aged 12 in 1492."^8,2,4,5 She married Ralph Leigh Esq., of Stockwell, etc., Surrey, son of Ralph Leigh Esq., of Stockwell, etc. Surrey and Elizabeth Langley, before 1492
; her 1st husband.^8,4,5 Joyce Culpeper married Lord Edmund Howard Knt., of Lambeth, Surrey, son of Sir Thomas Howard Knt., KB, KG, 2nd Duke of Norfolk, Earl of Surrey and Elizabeth Tylney, after November 1509
; her 2nd husband; date of death of 1st husband.^9,10,2,4,5
Joyce Culpeper died after 1527.^10,2
      .⁹ She was living in 1527.⁵

     Richard Culpeper Esq., Lord of Oxenheath, etc. Kent was born circa 1430 at Oxenhoath, West Peckham, co. Kent, England.^5,2,4 He married Sybil (?) before 1450
; his 1st wife.^6,4 Richard Culpeper Esq., Lord of Oxenheath, etc. Kent married Isabel (Joyce) Worsley, daughter of Sir Otewell Worsley of Southwark, Surrey and Gwenhwyfar (Rose) Trevor ferch Edwart ap Daffyd, before 1480
; his 2nd wife.^6,2,7,3,8,4
Richard Culpeper Esq., Lord of Oxenheath, etc. Kent died on 4 October 1484.^2,4
Richard Culpeper Esq., Lord of Oxenheath, etc. Kent was buried after 4 October 1484 at Chapel of St. Nicholas Church, Lambeth, co. Surrey, England.²
     Richard Culpeper Esq., Lord of Oxenheath, etc. Kent lived at Oxenhoath, West Peckham, co. Kent, England.⁹

; van de Pas cites: The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants to the American Colonies or the USA, Baltimore, 1993, Roberts, Gary Boyd, Reference: 248.³ Richard Culpeper Esq., Lord of Oxenheath, etc. Kent was also known as Sir Richard Colpepper Knt.

.^10,11,6

     Catherine Parr Queen of England was born in 1512 at Kendal Castle, Westmorland, England.⁵ She married Edward de Burgh, son of Thomas de Burgh 3rd Lord Borough of Gainsborough and Agnes Tyrwhitt, circa 1529
; her 1st husband.^6,2 Catherine Parr Queen of England married John Neville 3rd Lord Latimer, son of Sir Richard Neville KB, 2nd Lord Latimer and Anne Stafford, in 1533 at London, City of London, Greater London, England,
; her 2nd husband.^5,7,8,2 Catherine Parr Queen of England married Henry VIII (?) King of England, son of Henry VII (?) King of England and Elizabeth (?) of York, Queen of England, on 12 July 1543 at Hampton Court Palace, London, City of London, Greater London, England,
; her 3rd husband.^5,2 Catherine Parr Queen of England married Thomas Seymour PC, 1st Lord Seymour of Sudeley, son of Sir John Seymour Knt., KB, of Wolf Hall, Wiltshire and Margaret (Margery) Wentworth, between April 1547 and May 1547
; her 4th husband.^5,2
Catherine Parr Queen of England died on 5 September 1548 at Sudeley Castle, near Winchcombe, Gloucestershire, England; dsp.^5,1
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. Cahiers de Saint Louis , Dupont, Jacques and Saillot, Jacques, Reference: page 930
2. Burke's Guide to the Royal Family London, 1973 , Reference: page 206.²

; CP II, p. 423, note (e) says Katherine's first husband was Sir Edward Burgh, 1st son of Thos, 2nd lord Burgh. They married c. 1529 and he dsp and dvp bef Apr 1533.⁹ She was Queen of England. Catherine Parr Queen of England was also known as Katherine Parr Queen of England.^10,1,2

     John Neville 3rd Lord Latimer was born on 17 November 1493 at Snape Hall, Snape, Yorkshire, England.^1,3 He married Dorothy de Vere, daughter of Sir George de Vere Knt. and Margaret Stafford, circa 1518 at Oxford, Oxfordshire, England.^4,3
John Neville 3rd Lord Latimer married Elizabeth Musgrave, daughter of Sir Richard Musgrave of Hartley Castle and Joan Ward, on 20 July 1528 at Snape, Yorkshire, England.^1,3,5
John Neville 3rd Lord Latimer married Catherine Parr Queen of England, daughter of Sir Thomas Parr Knt., of Parr and Kendal and Maud Greene, in 1533 at London, City of London, Greater London, England,
; her 2nd husband.^6,1,3,7
John Neville 3rd Lord Latimer died on 2 March 1543 at London, City of London, Greater London, England, at age 49.¹
     GKJ-12.

; JOHN NEVILL(E), 3rd Lord (Barpon) Latymer, JP (N R Yorks 1530); b 17 Nov 1493; ktd 1513, MP Yorks 1529; participated 1536 in Pilgrimage of Grace but later claimed it was under duress and was pardoned, despite being among the leaders deputed to negotiate with the King's forces sent to suppress it; m 1st Dorothy (d 7 Feb 1526/7), sis and coheir of 14th Earl of Oxford (see SAINT ALBANS, D).³

.⁶ He was 3rd Lord (Barpon) Latymer.³

     Sir Thomas Parr Knt., of Parr and Kendal married Maud Greene, daughter of Sir Thomas Greene Knt., of Greene's Norton, co. Northampton and Joan Fogge, in 1508.^5,1,2,6

Sir Thomas Parr Knt., of Parr and Kendal died on 12 November 1547.²
      ; van de Pas cites: 1. Cahiers de Saint Louis , Dupont, Jacques and Saillot, Jacques, Reference: 930
2. A Genealogical History of the dormant, abeyant, forfeited and extinct peerages of the British Empire, London, 1866, Burke, Sir Bernard, Reference: 418
3. The Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Edinburgh, 1977, Paget, Gerald, Reference: 95.²

.⁵

     Maud Greene was born in 1493.² She married Sir Thomas Parr Knt., of Parr and Kendal, son of Sir William Parr KG, of Kirkby-Kendal, Westmorland and Elizabeth Fitz Hugh, in 1508.^4,1,5,2

Maud Greene died on 1 December 1531.²
      ; van de Pas cites: 1. The Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Edinburgh, 1977, Paget, Gerald, Reference: page 95.
2. The Royal Lineage of Our Noble and Gentle Families, London, 1884, Foster, Joseph, Reference: 36.²

.⁴

     Sir Thomas Greene Knt., of Greene's Norton, co. Northampton married Joan Fogge, daughter of Sir John Fogge of Repton and Alice Hawte.^5,2
Sir Thomas Greene Knt., of Greene's Norton, co. Northampton was born circa 1461.²
Sir Thomas Greene Knt., of Greene's Norton, co. Northampton died on 9 November 1506.²
      ; van de Pas cites: 1. The Lineage and Ancestry of H.R.H. Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Edinburgh, 1977, Paget, Gerald, Reference: 95
2. The Royal Lineage of Our Noble and Gentle Families, London, 1884, Foster, Joseph, Reference: 36.²

Sir Thomas Greene Knt., of Greene's Norton, co. Northampton lived at Greene's Norton, Northamptonshire, England.⁶

.⁶

     Thomas Seymour PC, 1st Lord Seymour of Sudeley was born circa 1508.¹ He married Catherine Parr Queen of England, daughter of Sir Thomas Parr Knt., of Parr and Kendal and Maud Greene, between April 1547 and May 1547
; her 4th husband.^3,4
Thomas Seymour PC, 1st Lord Seymour of Sudeley died between 20 March 1548 and 1549; beheaded ... following his attainder and conviction of high treason.^5,1
      ; THOMAS SEYMOUR, 1st and last BARON SEYMOUR OF SUDELEY, Co Gloucester (E), so cr 16 Feb 1546/7 (on the accession of his n EDWARD VI), KG (Feb 1546/7), PC (Jan 1546/7), JP (Berks, Devon, Essex); b c 1508; Gentleman Privy Chamber 1536, Jt Amb to Regent Netherlands 1543, Master Ordnance 1544, Adml of the Fleet 1544, Ld High Adml Feb 1546/7; m c May 1547 CATHERINE (Parr) (d 5 Sept 1548), widow of HENRY VIII and dspm, being beheaded 20 March 1548/9 following his attainder and conviction of high treason, when the Barony was forfeited.¹ He was 1st and last BARON SEYMOUR OF SUDELEY, Co Gloucester (E), so cr 16 Feb 1546/7 (on the accession of his n EDWARD VI) between 16 February 1546 and 1547.¹

     Felipe II/Philip II (?) King of Portugal, King of Spain was born on 21 May 1527 at Valladolid, Spain.^1,3,4 He married Maria (?) Infanta of Portugal, daughter of Joao III (?) King of Portugal and Algarves and Catarina/Katharina/Catherine (?) Archducess of Austria, on 12 November 1543 at Almeria/Salamanca, Spain,
; his 1st wife.^1,7,2,8,3,4 Felipe II/Philip II (?) King of Portugal, King of Spain married Mary I (?) Queen of England, daughter of Henry VIII (?) King of England and Katherine/Catalina (?) of Aragon, on 25 July 1554 at Winchester, co. Hampshire, England,
; his 2nd wife.^9,1,3,4 Felipe II/Philip II (?) King of Portugal, King of Spain married Elizabeth (?) de Valois, Pss of France, daughter of Henri II de Valois King of France and Caterina de Medici Comtesse d'Auvergne, Queen of France, on 31 January 1560 at Toledo/Guadalajara, Spain,
; his 3rd wife; Louda & Maclagan (Table 49) says m. 1560; Genealogy.EU (Habsburg 4 page) says m. 31 Jan 1559.^1,10,11,3,4 Felipe II/Philip II (?) King of Portugal, King of Spain married Anna (?) Archduchess of Austria, daughter of Maximilian II (?) Holy Roman Emperor and Maria (?) Infanta of Spain, on 12 November 1570 at Segovia, Provincia de Segovia, Castilla y León, Spain,
; his 4th wife.^5,1,3,4
Felipe II/Philip II (?) King of Portugal, King of Spain died on 13 September 1598 at Escorial, Spain, at age 71.^1,3,4
      ; King FELIPE II of Spain (1556-98), King of Portugal (1580-98), *Valladolid 21.5.1527, +Escorial 13.9.1598; 1m: Almeria/Salamanca 12.11.1543 Infanta Maria Manuela of Portugal (*15.10.1527 +12.8.1545); 2m: Winchester 24.7.1554 Queen Mary I of England (*18.2.1516 +17.11.1558); 3m: Toledo/Guadalajara 31.1.1559 Elisabeth de Valois, Pss of France (*22.11.1545 +3.10.1568); 4m: Segovia 12.11.1570 Archduchess Anna of Austria (*2.11.1549 +26.10.1580.)³

; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. Genealogie der Graven van Holland Zaltbommel, 1969. , Dr. A. W. E. Dek
2. Cahiers de Saint Louis Magazine. , Jacques Dupont, Jacques Saillot, Reference: page 1531.
3. Europäische Stammtafeln Band II Frank Baron Freytag von Loringhoven 1975, W. K. Prinz von Isenburg.⁴

; line of the Spanish Habsburgs.^12,5

; If people have to be categorized, would Philip II of Spain be placed with Napoleon Bonaparte and Adolf Hitler? All three inflicted death and destruction upon numerous peoples and nations. Also like Bonaparte and Hitler, Philip II was a driven and complex personality. It was political unrest and pressure in Spain which had forced Emperor Charles V, first: to marry his first cousin, Princess Isabella of Portugal; and secondly, to have his children brought up in Spain. And there, on 21 May 1527, in Valladolid, Philip II was born in the presence of his father and leading nobles.

In his youth Philip II saw very little of his father who, from 1529 to 1533, was in Italy and Germany. In 1535-1536 his father went to conquer Tunis, and 1539-1541 was spent in The Netherlands. Leaving Spain in May 1543, Charles V was forced to remain in Northern Europe until 1556. As his mother had died in 1539, it was mainly courtiers and tutors who prepared him for his future role on the European stage. Cristobal Calvete de Estrella taught him Latin and Greek; Honorato Juan, mathematics and architecture; Juan Gines de Sepulveda, geography and history. No-one was appointed for languages and, even though in time he understood French, Italian and Portuguese, he could not speak these languages. Political education was controlled by his father through correspondence.

At a young age he was expected to attend ceremonies. At the age of twelve he led the funeral cortege for his mother from Toledo, where she had died, to Granada where she was to be buried. As it had been his mother who had disciplined him, this task was now taken over by his governor, Don Juan de Zuniga.

At thirteen he started collecting books which he would do all his life. Music also would always be part of his life and he would travel with minstrels, choristers and organs. In 1543 Philip was made Regent of Spain. He had learned to do everything with both dignity and grace, yet at the same time displaying an air of authority. But he had also learned to conceal his feelings and emotions.

On 15 November 1543 he married Princess Maria of Portugal who was his first cousin twice over. In May 1545 European colonists in Peru led a revolt, the first in his long life. On 8 July 1545 his son, Don Carlos, was born; four days later, his wife died aged only 17. He was all of 18. In 1548 Philip was ordered by his father to come to him in The Low Countries to meet his future subjects. And so, in Bruxelles on the 1st April 1549, they were re-united.

His coldness and standing on protocol during his long journey had given him a reputation of arrogance which travelled ahead of him. With his father he toured The Netherlands and tried to be more pleasant, flirting with ladies and trying to outdrink the beer-swigging Dutch nobles. He stayed in The Netherlands until 1551 when he returned to Spain. Now he was treated by his father as an equal who consulted him in matters of government.

This was the beginning of his father's withdrawal from the world. Philip II was made King of Naples and Sicily and his marriage to Mary Tudor was arranged. He became King-Consort of England and, in October 1555, ruler of The Netherlands. After his fathers abdication in January 1556, Philip became King of Spain. Charles V's brother, Ferdinand I, became Emperor while Charles V retired to San Yuste in Spain where he died.

Philip II preferred to stay in Spain, which meant an absence from his English wife. When it became clear that she would not be able to bear children, he stayed away from England altogether. His wanting to remain in control caused a delay in the decision-making process in his distant possessions. In 1561 Philip II announced that Madrid had become the seat of his government, and there it would stay from then on. At Aranjuez he built a palace with gardens and a small zoo. At Casa de Campo was a larger zoo with elephants, rhinoceros, lions and even some swans brought from The Netherlands.

He was a great patron of scholars and most arts, but he did not approve of theatre and, besides not allowing any monarch to be portrayed on stage, in 1598 he banned plays in Madrid altogether. Religion was taken very seriously as he had 'no desire to be the ruler of heretics'. He did give some tolerance to the Calvinists in The Netherlands and made some political alliances with Protestant rulers, and he protected Elizabeth I in England against papal deposition. He even used Lutheran troops to suppress Calvinist rebels in The Netherlands.

Privately he had a sincere and deep religious faith, attending Mass daily. Even though a devout Catholic, he nevertheless had problems with the popes. At the beginning of his rule, Paul IV declared war on him; Gregory XIII disapproved of the annexation of Portugal in 1580; Sixtus V would not contribute to the Armada's attempt to conquer England in 1588; and Clement III, at the end of his life was on the side of his enemies, the French.

He tried to ignore the Calvinist emergence in The Netherlands until Lamoraal, Count of Egmond, came to Madrid. Though he kept him waiting as long as possible, Egmond left with honours but was deceived in matters of religious tolerance. Egmond's verbal assurances of Philip II's tolerance were counteracted by letters insisting on the burning of heretics. Egmond was discredited and chaos resulted. In 1567 preparations were made to send the Duke of Alva at the head of a large army to quell the unrest. Before Alva arrived, the Prince of Orange fled to Germany. The Prince's son, Philips Willem, was then kidnapped from his University and taken prisoner to Spain. Egmond was imprisoned and, after a mockery of justice, condemned to death and executed.

Juan de Escobedo's murder was probably ordered by Philip II, the murder of the Prince of Orange encouraged and rewarded, and the garrotting of Montigny was on his command. The Inquisition found Lutherans in Spain and destroyed them. The Moors living in Spain were persecuted with between 80,000 and 100,000 perishing when forced to be relocated from their traditional homelands.

Philip II's third marriage, to Elisabeth de Valois, appeared to have been happier than the previous two. After a first miscarriage in 1562, she was left for death by the Spanish doctors but saved by an Italian doctor. Throughout her recovery Philip stayed with her and, four months later, resumed sleeping with her. In 1564 there was another miscarriage. In 1566 Isabella was born, Catalina Michaela in 1567, followed by another stillbirth in 1568 when Elisabeth died. Philip II had ensured that he was present at each birth and, though disappointed with daughters, Isabella had come to mean more to him than anyone else in his family.

Had Elisabeth produced a son, Philip II would probably not have remarried. However, in 1570 he did marry his niece, Anna of Austria, in search of an heir as Don Carlos, his son by his first wife, had died in 1568 aged 23.

In 1566 Philip ordered Juan de Ovando to inquire into the administration of America as too many problems had emerged. He codified the laws relating to 'the Indies' and appointed Don Martin Enriquez as viceroy in Mexico and Don Francisco de Toledo in Peru. In the 1560's and 1570's many missionaries were sent to convert the Indians.

In 1578 Sebastian, King of Portugal and nephew of Philip II, went on a military expedition to North Africa where he disappeared, leaving the Portugese throne to his elderly great-uncle, Enrique, Cardinal and Archbishop of Lisbon. But Enrique I would live only another two years, in which period another nephew of Enrique I, Antonio, made claims to be legitimate and that---as his deceased father Luis, Duke of Beja, was six years older than Enrique I---he should be king instead of Enrique. Enrique I then ordered an inquiry in which all papers proving Antonio's legitimacy disappeared. In 1580 Enrique I died and, even though Antonio was proclaimed king, Philip II of Spain sent in his army and, ousting Antonio, added Portugal to his domains.

By 1590, most of the Philippine Islands were under Spanish control which was achieved with little bloodshed. Controlling southern and middle America was Philip's greatest success. However, the inability to retain The Netherlands was his greatest failure, for the Dutch were supported by those countries Spain tried to keep out of America. The Spanish forces butchered French Protestants in Florida and, in 1568, Sir John Hawkins's expedition was annihilated by the Spanish.

In 1572 the revolt in The Netherlands increased. Discredited as greedy, cruel and corrupt, Alva was recalled in 1573 to be replaced by Don Luis de Requesens. The near bankruptcy of Spain, caused by the continuous revolts and wars, did not help. In 1576 Philip's illegitimate half-brother, Don Juan of Austria, was sent to restore Spain's authority and was appointed governor-general. Don Juan, assured by his initial success, suggested that he and his secretary, Juan de Escobedo, together with Philip II's secretary, Antonio Pérez, take control of the Spanish government as Philip II, though not yet fifty, was getting 'too old'. Then, in 1577, he wanted Philip II's support to invade England and dethrone Elizabeth I. By then the Spanish fortunes in The Netherlands had turned and William of Orange had become the more powerful man. Don Juan sent his secretary Juan de Escobedo to Madrid to ask for support, but Escobedo started to meddle with politics and threatened Philip II's secretary Antonio Pérez with blackmail. On Philip II's orders Pérez had Escobedo murdered and, when a court-case took place, the king assisted with the escape of the hired assassins.

The reason for Escobedo's murder was fear of his returning to Don Juan in The Netherlands where he might encourage Don Juan against Philip II; at the same time, if Escobedo were arrested, Philip II risked Don Juan's fearing exposure of his plots so that he might side with the Dutch rebels. In October 1578 Don Juan died of typhoid and, hoping the Escobedo scandal would quietly fade away, Philip II remained silent.

However, Pérez had an enemy in Mateo Vázquez, the king's chaplain and private secretary, who openly accused Pérez of the murder and left the court in protest of Philip II's inactivity, throwing the government into chaos. Pérez was offered honors, a diplomatic post abroad and even a lucrative retirement; but he refused for he feared even an honorable removal would seem an admission of guilt and assassins would cut short his retirement.

Philip II, calling Cardinal Granvelle to take over the government, asked Vázquez te return. However, Pérez refused the offer of an ambassadorship in Venice and was placed under house arrest. Three years later he was charged with accepting bribes and betraying state secrets. In 1584 one of the hired assasins turned up and accused Pérez who was then imprisoned and, on 23 February 1590, tortured to confess. As he could not prove that he had been under the king's orders, he was condemned to death. However, he escaped with proof of the king's involvement in Escobedo's murder.

Sir Francis Drake was another source of trouble as he was sailing around the world with a small fleet from 1577 until 1589, with the plundering of Spanish ships as his only aim. In 1581 Philip II was recognised as King of Portugal but The Netherlands declared that they had replaced him with the French Duke of Anjou; and when this Duke announced that he was engaged to Queen Elizabeth of England, Philip II's enemies united. In 1582 and 1583, these enemies supported Don Antonio in his efforts to regain Portugal. Also in 1583 Philip II renewed his efforts in The Netherlands which would result in the murder of the Prince of Orange in 1584.

In 1585 Sir Francis Drake again set out to harrass the Spaniards in the West Indies and, on the way, sacked Vigo on mainland Spain. This meant war and so Spain prepared to invade England. Asking Pope Sixtus V for financial support, Philip II was refused as his aims were power and had nothing to do with religious motives. However, his invincible fleet the 'Armada' was built and placed under the command of the Duke of Medina Sidonia. Late in July 1588 the fleet set out; however, fireships broke its formation and the Dutch prevented the Duke of Parma from joining it. In desperation the Duke of Medina Sidonia decided that the fleet should return to Spain, going northwards around the British Isles. The consequence was about sixty ships being lost and fifteen thousand men killed, first by the English and later in Ireland when they landed there exhausted.

The first news Philip II received was that his fleet had beaten off the English, followed by a long silence which lasted almost a month; but then the full tragedy was at last revealed. Philip II's reaction, shared by the nation's feeling of despair, was : 'I sent the fleet against men, not against wind and water'. His later years were filled with concern for his family but saddened by the loss of his sons, leaving only the youngest, the future Philip III.

Philip II died at the Escurial in 1598, aged seventy-one.⁴ He was King of Spain between 1556 and 1598.^1,3 He was King of Portugal between 1580 and 1598.^1,3