Person Page - 1894

     Gaston V de Béarn Vcte de Gabarret, de Béarn et de Brulhois married Sancha Garces (?) Infanta of Navarre, daughter of Garcia IV/VI Ramirez "el Restaurador" (?) King of Navarre and Doña Urraca Alfonsa "la Asturiana" (?) Infanta de Castilla y León, Queen of Navarre,
; her 1st husband.¹
Gaston V de Béarn Vcte de Gabarret, de Béarn et de Brulhois died in 1170.²

     Rodrigo Garces (?) Cte di Montescaglioso married (?) de Hauteville, daughter of Roger II (?) King of Sicily, Duke of Calabria, Duke of Apulia, circa May 1166
; Genealogy.EU says: "m. a member of the Hauteville family of Sicily".
Rodrigo's Wikipedia article says: "Henry arrived in the kingdom of Sicily between May and September 1166. His sister had been, since the death of her husband, William I of Sicily, regent in the name of her young son, William II. In May or a short time after, perhaps before his arrival, he was married to an illegitimate daughter of Roger II and thus his sister's sister-in-law.[6]"
6. Houben, "Enrico di Navarra"; Norwich, The Kingdom in the Sun, does not believe the marriage, obviously arranged by Margaret, ever took place."^1,4
      ; See his Wikipedia article.
Per Marguerite de L'Aigle's Wikipedia article:
     "She bore a second son named Rodrigo, whom her husband refused to recognise as his own.[5] He was never acknowledged as a son by the Navarrese king, even after Margaret's death, and he was widely considered a bastard, though his sister Margaret did not treat him as such. He certainly never behaved as anything other than the son of a king.[6]
5. Chronicle of Hugo Falcandus, History of the Tyrants of Sicily, is available in its original Latin at The Latin Library. Henry is also mentioned in the chronicle of Romuald Guarna. Both historians are contemporaries.
6. John Julius Norwich, 258.
Sources
-- Norwich, John Julius (1970). The Kingdom in the Sun, 1130–1194. Longmans.
Per his father's Wikipedia article, he is shown as a son of Garcia: "Rodrigo, later known as Henry, made Count of Montescaglioso by his sister, Margaret, Queen regent of Sicily.”.^5,2,4

; illegitimate.¹ Rodrigo Garces (?) Cte di Montescaglioso was also known as Henry (?) Count of Montescaglioso.⁴

     (?) de Hauteville married Rodrigo Garces (?) Cte di Montescaglioso, son of Garcia IV/VI Ramirez "el Restaurador" (?) King of Navarre, circa May 1166
; Genealogy.EU says: "m. a member of the Hauteville family of Sicily".
Rodrigo's Wikipedia article says: "Henry arrived in the kingdom of Sicily between May and September 1166. His sister had been, since the death of her husband, William I of Sicily, regent in the name of her young son, William II. In May or a short time after, perhaps before his arrival, he was married to an illegitimate daughter of Roger II and thus his sister's sister-in-law.[6]"
6. Houben, "Enrico di Navarra"; Norwich, The Kingdom in the Sun, does not believe the marriage, obviously arranged by Margaret, ever took place."^1,2
      ; a member of the de Hauteville family of Sicily.¹

     Constanza (?) de Navarre died; died young.¹

     Beatrix (?) de Carcassone married Raimund VI (?) Duke of Narbonne, Comte de Toulouse, Marquis of Provence, son of Raimund VII (?) Comte de Toulouse, Duc de Narbonne, Margrave of Provence and Constance (?) of France, Countess of St. Gilles, circa 1178
; his 2nd wife.^1,2,3
     The marriage of Beatrix (?) de Carcassone and Raimund VI (?) Duke of Narbonne, Comte de Toulouse, Marquis of Provence was annulled in 1193; repudiated.^1,3

     Constance (?) de Toulouse married Sancho VII "el Fuerte" (?) King of Navarre, son of Sancho VI Garcia "el Sabio" (?) King of Navarre and Doña Sancha (?) Infanta de Castile, Queen consort of Navarre, in 1195
;
Her 1st husband.^1,4,2 Constance (?) de Toulouse married Pierre Bermond VI d'Anduze Sire de Sauve de Sommières
;
Her 2nd husband.^1,5,2
Constance (?) de Toulouse died after 12 May 1260.^1,2
     Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: XIV 35; III 764.²

; [2m.] Constance, +after 12.5.1260; 1m: after 1195 King Sancho VII of Navarre (+1234); 2m: Pierre d'Anduze.¹

; Per Med Lands: "CONSTANCE de Toulouse ([1180]-after 12 May 1260). The Chronicle of Guillaume de Puylaurens records that the daughter of Comte Raymond VI and his wife Beatrix de Béziers married "le roi de Navarre", but confuses her with her mother when he adds that the latter married secondly "Pierre Bermond de Salvio" after her repudiation[618]. Her second marriage is confirmed by the letter by Pierre Bermond Seigneur de Sauve to Pope Innocent III dated 1212 in which he refers to his "uxorem…quondam filiam comitis Tolosani" when requesting recognition as nearest heir to the comte de Toulouse[619]. Her name is confirmed by the charter dated Nov 1219 under which "Raymundus, filius domini Raymundi...ducis Narbonæ, comitis Tolosæ, marchionis" confirmed dispositions by "pater meus" to "Petro Bermundi di Salvi nepoti meo, nato ex sorore mea domina Constancia"[620]. m firstly ([1195], divorced [1200]) SANCHO VII "el Fuerte" King of Navarre, son of SANCHO VI "el Sabio" King of Navarre & his wife Infanta doña Sancha de Castilla (after 1170-Tudela 7 Apr 1234, bur Roncevalle). m secondly (after [1200]) PIERRE BERMOND d'Anduze Seigneur de Sauve, son of BERNARD [V] Seigneur d'Anduze & his wife Marquise --- ([1175/80]-Rome end-1215)."
Med Lands cites:

     Pierre Bermond VI d'Anduze Sire de Sauve de Sommières was born between 1175 and 1180.³ He married Constance (?) de Toulouse, daughter of Raimund VI (?) Duke of Narbonne, Comte de Toulouse, Marquis of Provence and Beatrix (?) de Carcassone,
;
Her 2nd husband.^1,2,4
Pierre Bermond VI d'Anduze Sire de Sauve de Sommières died in 1215 at Rome, Città Metropolitana di Roma Capitale, Lazio, Italy (now).^2,3
     Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: XIV 35.⁵

; Per Med Lands: "PIERRE BERMOND ([1175/80]-Rome end 1215). "Bernardi de Andusia, Petri Bremundi filii eius" were among the witnesses of the charter dated Oct 1205 under which "Petrus…Rex Aragoniæ et comes Barchinoniæ et dominus Montispessulani" and "Raimundo…Duci Narbonæ, Comiti Tolosæ et Marchioni Provinciæ" arranged the marriage of their children[884]. His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 9 Sep 1218 under which "Raymundus...dux Narbonæ et comes Tolosæ, marchio Provinciæ" and [his son] "Petro Bermundo domino de Salve nepoti meo, nato ex filia mea" reached agreement about "castrum...de Valserga" acquired by "patre tuo quondam Petro Bermudo genero meo et...avo tuo Bernardo de Andusia"[885]. Pierre Bermond is named in the 1210 Fressac documents discussed above under Marquise, wife of Bernard [V]. "Bertrand [error for Bernard?] et son fils Pierre d’Anduze" donated annual salt supplies “dans le grenier d’Alais” to Bonnefoy by charter dated 1210[886]. "...P. Bermundi..." witnessed the charter dated 15 Jul 1210 under which "Willelmum de Baucio filium Bertrandi de Baucio" and "D. R. comitem Tolosæ reginæ Constanciæ filium" confirmed the settlement of their dispute[887]. Seigneur de Sauve: Pierre Bermond’s holding the seigneurie de Sauve is confirmed by the 1212 letter quoted below under his wife, the date indicating that he succeeded as seigneur before the death of his father (although insufficient data is available to estimate the date of his succession). The basis of his succession to Sauve has not been ascertained, although as noted above under his paternal grandmother the name of his paternal uncle Pierre Bermond suggests an earlier connection with the Sauve family through the female line. The Histoire Générale de Languedoc records that “Bernard [VII] d’Anduze [=Bernard [V]]“ and “Pierre Bermond...[son] fils aîné” confirmed a donation to Bonneval, for the soul of “son frère Pierre Bermond“, by charter dated Feb 1214[888]. Co-seigneur d’Alès: this is confirmed by the 25 Apr 1220 charter quoted below in which [his brother] "B. de Andusia, filius domini B. de Andusia" swore allegiance to "D. A...dux Narbonæ, comite Tolosæ et domino Montisfortis" for "villæ de Alesto quæ fuit Petri Bermundi"[889]. The succession of Alès is discussed in the charter dated 13 Sep 1223 quoted below under the widow of his brother Bernard[890]. No primary source has been identified which confirms that Pierre Bermond succeeded his father as seigneur d’Anduze: maybe he predeceased his father. The primary source which confirms his date and place of death has not been identified. m (after [1200]) as her second husband, CONSTANCE de Toulouse, divorced wife of SANCHO VII "el Fuerte" King of Navarre, daughter of RAYMOND VI Comte de Toulouse & his second wife Béatrice de Béziers ([1180]-after 12 May 1260). The Chronicle of Guillaume de Puylaurens records that the daughter of Comte Raymond VI and his wife Beatrix de Béziers married "le roi de Navarre", but confuses her with her mother when he adds that the latter married secondly "Pierre Bermond de Salvio" after her repudiation[891]. Her second marriage is confirmed by the letter by Pierre Bermond Seigneur de Sauve to Pope Innocent III dated 1212 in which he refers to his "uxorem…quondam filiam comitis Tolosani" when requesting recognition as nearest heir to the comte de Toulouse[892]. Her name is confirmed by the charter dated Nov 1219 under which "Raymundus, filius domini Raymundi...ducis Narbonæ, comitis Tolosæ, marchionis" confirmed dispositions by "pater meus" to "Petro Bermundi di Salvi nepoti meo, nato ex sorore mea domina Constancia"[893]."
Med Lands cites:

     Mencia Sanchez (?) married Lope (?) Senor de Najera.¹

      ; illegitimate.¹

Mencia Sanchez (?) was listed as a resident in Frank Warren Hickox and Alice Orilla Hart's household in the census report on 21 April 1910 at 2951 Linden Ave., Berkeley City, Alameda Co., California, USA; p. 12-B, lines 97-100, dwelling 251, family 257
97 HICKOX, Frank W. Head M W 52 [1858] Married 1x, 21yrs IL VT IL Contractor & builder
98 " , Alice O. Wife F W 54 [1856] Married 1x, 21yrs 2-children-born 2-children-living MO MO TN
99 " , Ada F. Daughter F W 23 [1887] Single CO IL MO
100 " , Maude E. Daughter F W 25 [1885] Single CO IL MO.³

     Lope (?) Senor de Najera married Mencia Sanchez (?), daughter of García III/V Sánchez "el de Najera" (?) King of Navarre.¹

Lope (?) Senor de Najera died in 1068.¹

     Hugues II (?) Comte de Châlons-sur-Saone married Constance (?) Duchess of Burgundy, daughter of Robert I "le Vieux" (?) Duc de Bourgogne, Cte d'Auxerre and Ella/Hélie/Hedwig (?) de Sémur-en-Brionnais, in 1065
;
her 1st husband.^1,2,4,5
Hugues II (?) Comte de Châlons-sur-Saone died in 1078; Denealogy.EU and Genealogics say d. 1078; Med Lands says d. Nov/early Dec 1079.^1,6,3
     Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag, Marburg, Schwennicke, Detlev (Ed.) 2:20.⁶

; Per Med Lands: "HUGUES de Chalon (-in Spain [Nov/early Dec] 1079). "Hugo Cabillonensis comes" made a concession to Cluny for the soul of "Tetbaldi patris mei"[504]. He succeeded his father in [1065] as Comte de Chalon . He travelled to Spain in [1078/79] to fight the Moors, probably accompanying Hugues I Duke of Burgundy. The relatively precise range of his estimated date of death is provided firstly by the charter referred to above which was witnessed by "Oddo dux", who succeeded as duke of Burgundy after the abdication of his brother Hugues (which is dated to [Oct/Nov] 1079), and secondly by his widow subscribing a document with her second husband dated 25 Dec 1079 at Dueñas[505]. m ([1065]) as her first husband, CONSTANCE de Bourgogne, daughter of ROBERT I "le Vieux" Duke of Burgundy & his first wife Hélie de Semur ([after 1045]-[Jan/Feb] or [3 Apr/25 Oct] 1093, bur Sahagún, León, royal monastery of Santos Facundo y Primitivo). The Chronicon Trenorciensi records that "Constantiæ…filia Roberti Ducis" married firstly "Hugonis Cabilonensis Comitis" and secondly "Hispaniæ Rex Adefonsus"[506]. A charter dated 1087 of "Ducem Burgundiæ Oddonem" recalls a donation to Tournus abbey by "comitissa Cabillonensis filia Rotberti ducis", after the death of "mariti sui Hugonis comitis", adding that she subsequently became "Regina Galliciæ et Hispaniarum"[507]. She married secondly (late 1079 or 8 May 1081) as his second wife, Alfonso VI King of Castile and León. "Infanta donna Urraka Regis domni Adefonsi filia" names her mother "Constantie regina" in her donation to Cluny dated 22 Feb 1117 "Spanish Era"[508], although the date was presumably AD as 1117 Spanish Era was equivalent to 1079 AD. An early 12th century document at Fleury records that "filiam Roberti ducis Bugundionem…Constantiam" married Alfonso VI King of Castile and was mother of a daughter who married "Raymundo comiti"[509]. The Chronicon Regum Legionensium names "Queen Constance" as the second of the "five legitimate wives" of King Alfonso[510]. Her second marriage date is estimated based on the likely estimated death date of her first husband in [Nov/early Dec] 1079 and her subscribing a document dated 25 Dec 1079 at Dueñas with her second husband[511]. Queen Constance was instrumental in having the Roman rite replace the Visigothic rite in the churches of Castile. "Adefonsus…Hispaniarum rex…cum coniuge mea Constantia regina" donated property to the monastery of San Salvador de Oña by charter dated 1 May 1092[512]. The date of her death is fixed by her last known mention in a charter dated 25 Jul 1093 and a donation by King Alfonso to the monastery of Sahagún dated 25 Oct 1093, which does not include Queen Constanza's name in the subscription list[513]. Pérez’s history of Sahagún monastery, published in 1782, states that "Doña Berta…Reyna…está enterrada no lejos de Doña Constanza en la Capilla" of the monastery, but does not quote the inscription which confirms this statement[514]."
Med Lands cites:

     Bertha (?) de Bourgogne married Alfonso VI "the Brave" (?) King of León & Castile, son of Ferdinand I "The Great" (?) King of Castile and Leon and Sancha (?) Infanta de Leon, circa 28 April 1095
;
His 3rd wife.^1,6,2,7,8
Bertha (?) de Bourgogne died between 1097 and 1098; Leo van de Pas says d. bef 15 Jan 1100.^1,2,7
     ; Per Med Lands:
     "ALFONSO de Castilla y León, son of FERNANDO I "el Magno" King of Castile and León & his wife Sancha de León (Compostela [1038/40]-Toledo 30 Jun 1109, bur Sahagún, León, San Mancio chapel in the royal monastery of Santos Facundo y Primitivo). The Chronicon Regum Legionensium names (in order) "Urraca, Sancho, Alfonso, García and Elvira" and the children of King Fernando and Queen Sancha[457]. According to the Chronicle of Sahagún, Alfonso was 72 years old when he died[458], but this must be overstated if he was his parents' fourth child as stated in Historia Silense[459]. It is more likely that he was born in [1038/40]. Ferdinand I King of Castile confirmed the union of the monastery of San Martín del Río with San Pedro de Cardeñas by charter dated 31 Aug 1050, subscribed by "Sanctius prolis regis, Adefonsus filius regis, Garsea filio regis, Urraca filia regis, Tegridia filia regis…"[460]. "Fredernandus…Legionensis rex…cum coniuge mea regina dna Sancia et filiis meis" confirmed the privileges of Santiago de Compostela by charter dated 10 Mar 1065, subscribed by "Sancius filius regis, Adefonsus filius regis, Garsea filius regis, Urraca filia regis, Geloira filia regis…"[461]. Under the partition of lands in his father’s will, he received León and the parias from the Taifa state of Toledo, succeeding in 1065 as ALFONSO VI King of León. Relations between Alfonso and his two brothers were tense. Although Alfonso and Sancho cooperated to deprive their brother García of Galicia, Sancho turned against Alfonso soon afterwards and defeated him at Golpejera Jan 1072. He was exiled to Toledo, seeking refuge with the Dhul-Nunid King[462]. He returned to León after the murder of his brother, arriving [10] Nov 1072, and was accepted before 8 Dec 1072 as ALFONSO VI King of Castile. Pursuing his father's close connections with the monastery of Cluny, he granted the order its first monastic house in Castile at San Isidro de Dueñas 29 May 1073, as well as doubling the annual census payment to Cluny in 1077[463]. The Roman liturgy was adopted in Castile and León in 1076. After the death in Jun 1076 of Sancho IV “él de Peñalén” King of Navarre, King Alfonso succeeded as King of Navarre: a charter dated 1076 records that Alfonso VI King of Castile ("Adefonsus filius Fredinandi regis") succeeded to the kingdom after "impiisima fraude interfecto rege Sancio, Garsie...regis filius"[464]. Pope Gregory VII asserted papal suzerainty over Spain 28 Jun 1077, although King Alfonso's response appears to have been to declare himself "imperator totius hispaniae", the first known use of this title being 17 Oct 1077[465]. King Alfonso VI took advantage of the assassination of Sancho IV King of Navarre in 1076 to invade Navarre, annexing La Rioja, Álava, Vizcaya and Guipúzcoa to Castile. Turning his attention to the reconquest of Moorish territories, Alfonso recaptured Toledo 25 May 1085, besieged Zaragoza in 1086, and also imposed his Government on the kingdom of Valencia, where he installed as ruler the deposed al-Qadir ex-taifa King of Toledo. His ambitions were, however, thwarted by al-Mu'tamid King of Seville who, with the help of Yusuf bin Tashfin Emir of the Almoravids, defeated King Alfonso at Sagrajas near Badajoz 23 Oct 1086. The Almoravids rapidly consolidated their position, absorbing the taifa kingdoms of Granada and Seville and subduing Jaén, Almería, Denia and Murcia. Undeterred, Alfonso recaptured Córdoba in 1091, and persuade Al-Mutawakkil of Badajoz to cede him Lisbon, Santarem and Sintra between 30 Apr and 8 May 1093, although Badajoz itself was captured by the Almoravids in early 1094. Meanwhile Rodrigo Díaz "el Cid" recaptured Valencia, establishing himself there as an autonomous prince. Previously his bitter enemy, Alfonso eventually united with him to fight the Moors. He also spread the call overseas, especially in France, for a general crusade to fight 'the infidel'. "Adefonsus rex Legionis et totius Hispanie imperator atque Fredenandi filius regis" granted privileges to Santiago de Compostela, with the advice of "generis mei comitis domini Raimundi", by charter dated 28 Jan 1090[466]. The end of his reign was marred by a crushing defeat at Uclés 29 May 1108, where his son was killed. The Chronicon Regum Legionensium records that King Alfonso lived for 79 years and reigned for 43 years and six months, died in Toledo 1 Jul "in the era 1147 (1109)" and was buried "in the church of saints Facundus and Primitivus"[467]. The Chronicon Lusitanum records the death “III Kal Jul” in 1147 (1109) of “Rex D. Alfonsus Regis D. Fernandi filius”[468].
     "Betrothed (by proxy Caen, Abbey of Holy Trinity before [1069]) to AGATHE de Normandie, daughter of WILLIAM I King of England Duc de Normandie & his wife Mathilde de Flandres ([1064]-before 1074, bur Bayeux Cathedral). According to William of Malmesbury, an unnamed daughter of King William was "affianced by messengers" to King Alfonso[469]. Orderic Vitalis names her Agatha, identifying her as the daughter who had been betrothed to Harold Godwinson (see above), and says that she was betrothed to "Amfursio regi Galliciæ"[470]. Matthew of Paris places her as the fifth daughter (unnamed) betrothed to "Aldefonso Galiciæ regi" but different from the daughter betrothed to Harold[471]. Orderic says that she died en route to Spain, her body being brought back to Bayeux for burial[472]. The betrothal to Alfonso must have been a short-lived arrangement as he married his first wife in 1069[473].
     "m firstly (betrothed 1069, [late 1073/early 1074], repudiated after 22 May 1077) [as her first husband,] AGNES d’Aquitaine, daughter of GUILLAUME VIII Duke of Aquitaine [GUILLAUME VI Comte de Poitou] & his second wife Mathilde --- ([1059]-[6 Jun 1078 or after 1099], bur [Sahagún, León, royal monastery of Santos Facundo y Primitivo]). The Chronicle of Saint-Maxence records that the only daughter of "Goffredus" and his second wife was the wife of "Hildefonsi regis, filii Freelandi et nepotis Garsii", in a later passage recording their marriage in 1069[474]. She was known as INÉS in Castile. The Chronicon Regum Legionensium names "Ines" ("Agnetam") as the first of the "five legitimate wives" of King Alfonso[475]. The De Rebus Hispaniæ of Rodericus Ximenes names "Agnes" as first wife of "rex Aldefonsus"[476]. "Agnes regina" confirmed the donation to Cluny by "Adefonsus…princeps" dated 22 May 1077[477]. No later reference has been found in charters to Queen Inés. Reports of her subsequent history are mutually contradictory. Orderic Vitalis refers to the second marriage of "Agnetem filiam Guillelmi Pictavorum ducis relictam Hildefonsi senioris Galiciae regis" with Hélie Comte du Maine[478]. However, Sandoval records that "la Reyna Doña Ines" died 6 Jun 1078 according to "las memorias del tumbo negro de Santiago"[479]. The accuracy of this statement is uncertain as, in the same passage, Sandoval states that the same source records the death in the same year "II Kal Jun" of "Sancius Rex filius Alfonsi Regis". This latter entry presumably refers to the death of Sancho, son of King Alfonso VI, at the battle of Uclés in 1108, but it casts doubt on the accuracy of the year of the death of Queen Inés. Another date is introduced by the Annales Compostellani which record the death "VIII Id Jun" in 1098 of “Regina Agnes”[480]. This is the same day and month as stated in the tumbo negro, so it is possible that the year is wrongly given, although it is also possible that the Annales Compostelani are referring to the death of the wife of Pedro I King of Aragon (who must have died in 1097 or before). Reilly[481] says that Queen Constanza was buried next to Queen Inés, which implies that the latter predeceased her successor. The primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified, although if it is correct it does seem surprising that the repudiated queen remained in Castile until she died and that she was buried in the royal monastery. If Orderic Vitalis is correct, Queen Inés must have been repudiated by her husband and later returned to France where she married secondly (after 1099) as his second wife, Hélie Comte du Maine. Another possibility is that Orderic´s passage misstates the name "Agnetem" for "Beatricem", and that the second wife of Comte Hélie was King Alfonso VI´s widow Beatrix whose family origin is not otherwise recorded and who would therefore have been a younger daughter of Duke Guillaume VIII (see below). According to Kerrebrouck[482], Agnès d'Aquitaine never existed. He says that the first wife of King Alfonso VI was Inés de Guzmán, although he does not name her parents or precise origin.
     "m secondly (Dec 1079) as her second husband, CONSTANCE de Bourgogne, widow of HUGUES [II] Comte de Chalon, daughter of ROBERT I Duke of Burgundy [Capet] & his first wife Hélie de Semur ([after 1045]-[25 Jul/25 Oct] 1093, bur Sahagún, León, royal monastery of Santos Facundo y Primitivo). The Chronicon Trenorciensi records that "Constantiæ…filia Roberti Ducis" married firstly "Hugonis Cabilonensis Comitis" and secondly "Hispaniæ Rex Adefonsus "[483]. Considering the estimated date of her first marriage, it is unlikely that Constance was born before [1045]. A charter dated 1087 of "Ducem Burgundiæ Oddonem" recalls a donation to Tournus abbey by "comitissa Cabillonensis filia Rotberti ducis", after the death of "mariti sui Hugonis comitis", adding that she subsequently became "Regina Galliciæ et Hispaniarum"[484]. "Infanta donna Urraka Regis domni Adefonsi filia" names her mother "Constantie regina" in her donation to Cluny dated 22 Feb 1117 "Spanish Era"[485], although the date was presumably AD as 1117 Spanish Era was equivalent to 1079 AD. An early 12th century document at Fleury records that "filiam Roberti ducis Bugundionem…Constantiam" married Alfonso VI King of Castile and was mother of a daughter who married "Raymundo comiti"[486]. The Chronicon Regum Legionensium names "Queen Constance" as the second of the "five legitimate wives" of King Alfonso[487]. Her second marriage date is estimated based on the likely estimated death date of her first husband in [Nov/early Dec] 1079 and her subscribing a document dated 25 Dec 1079 at Dueñas with her second husband[488]. Queen Constance was instrumental in having the Roman rite replace the Visigothic rite in the churches of Castile. "Adefonsus…Hispaniarum rex…cum coniuge mea Constantia regina" donated property to the monastery of San Salvador de Oña by charter dated 1 May 1092[489]. The date of her death is fixed by her last known mention in a charter dated 25 Jul 1093 and a donation by King Alfonso to the monastery of Sahagún dated 25 Oct 1093, which does not include Queen Constanza's name in the subscription list[490]. The 13th century history of Sahagún monastery records that "la Reyna Doña Constanza" was buried in the monastery[491]. Pérez´s history of Sahagún monastery, published in 1782, states that "Doña Berta…Reyna…está enterrada no lejos de Doña Constanza en la Capilla" of the monastery, but does not quote the inscription which confirms this statement[492].
     "m thirdly ([Dec] 1094) BERTA, daughter of --- (-early Jan 1100, bur Sahagún, León, royal monastery of Santos Facundo y Primitivo). The Chronicon Regum Legionensium names "Berta, who was of Tuscan descent" as the third of the "five legitimate wives" of King Alfonso[493]. The De Rebus Hispaniæ of Rodericus Ximenes names "Berta ex Tusca oriunda" as third wife of "rex Aldefonsus"[494]. Las crónicas anónimas de Sahagún refer to her as "otra mugger de la nacion de Lombardia llamada Berta". The precise origin of Berta is not known. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[495], she was Berta de Bourgogne [Comté], daughter of Guillaume I Comte Palatin de Bourgogne, Comte de Vienne et de Macon, which is inconsistent with the "Tuscan descent" reported in the Chronicon Regum Legionensium. Szabolcs de Vajay suggests that she was the daughter of Guillaume Comte de Bourgogne[496]. Reilly does not mention this possible Burgundian origin of Berthe, implying that the Castilian king chose his third wife from outside the Burgundian circle in order to diminish the influence of the Burgundians at court. As Berthe de Bourgogne would have been the sister of Raymond de Bourgogne who married Infanta Urraca, oldest legitimate daughter of King Alfonso, around the same time that King Alfonso married Queen Berta, it is surprising that the chronicles do not refer to this relationship if it is correct. The references to "Tuscia" and "Lombardia" in the chronicles could be consistent with the family of Bourgogne [Comté] having originated in northern Italy, their ancestors being Marchesi of Ivrea until 968, although this was nearly 130 years before the date of Queen Berta's marriage. Reilly dates this marriage to "during the Christmas season of 1094", but does not state his source[497]. In a later passage, Reilly states that the first reference to Berta as queen is dated 28 Apr 1095[498]. "Adefonsus…Ispanie imperator" permitted the abbey of Silos to establish outposts near the abbey, with the consent of "uxoris mee Berte regine", by charter dated 20 Jan [1096/98], confirmed by "Garcia Ordoniz et comes…Gomiz Gonçalviz armiger regis, Fernando Munoz maiordomus regis, Didago Albariz, Fernando Ansuriz, Gutier Munoz, Ruderico Gonçalviz, Monio Roderiquiz, Didago Bermudez, Petro Gonçalviz…"[499]. "Adefonsus…totius Hispanie imperator" granted rights to the abbey of Silos, with the consent of "uxoris mee Berte regine", by charter dated 19 May 1097[500]. "Adefonsus…tocius Ispanie imperator" donated property to the abbey of Silos, with the consent of "uxoris mee Berte regine", by charter dated 30 Sep 1098, confirmed by the same persons as in the earlier charter dated 20 Jan [1096/98][501]. "…Berta…regina…" subscribed the charter dated 14 Mar 1099 under which Alfonso VI King of Castile donated the monastery of Santa María de Algadefe to the monastery of Eslonza[502]. According to Reilly, Queen Berta died shortly after the new year 1100, probably before 16 Jan[503]. In another passage, he notes that the last notice of her is dated 17 Nov 1099[504]. She was dead in 25 Jan 1100, the date of the charter under which "Adefonsus…Toletani imperii rex" donated the churches of "Sancti Facundi et Sancti Primitivi…cum sua villa…Villaverde", ceded by "comitis Monini Fernandis…in vita sua dederam uxori mee Berte regine", to Cluny, confirmed by "Raimundus totius Gallecie comes et gener regis, Urraca soror regis, Urraca regis filia et Raimundi comitis uxor, Enricus Portugalensis comes, uxor ipsius Tarasia filia regis…"[505]. The 13th century history of Sahagún monastery records that "la Reyna Doña Berta" died "apenas cumplidos seis años en el matrimonio" and was buried in the monastery[506]. Pérez´s history of Sahagún monastery, published in 1782, states that "Doña Berta…Reyna…está enterrada no lejos de Doña Constanza en la Capilla" of the monastery, but does not quote the inscription which confirms this statement[507].
     "[m fourthly ([Burgos] 1100 before 14 May) ISABEL [Elisabeth], daughter of --- (-before Mar 1106, bur Royal Pantheon of San Isidor de León). The Chronicon Regum Legionensium names "Elizabeth" as the fourth of the "five legitimate wives" of King Alfonso, stating that she was the mother of "Sancha the wife of count Rodrigo and Elvira who married Duke Roger of Sicily"[508]. According to Reilly, her first documentary mention is dated 14 May 1100, but he does not cite the reference[509]. "Adefonsus…totius Hispanie imperator" donated property to the monastery of San Salvador de Oña with the consent of "uxoris mee Helisabeth regine" by charter dated 12 Dec 1075[510], although this date is clearly incorrect. "Aldefonsus rex Yspaniarum…cum…coniuge mee Helisabeth regine" donated property to the monastery of San Salvador de Oña by charter dated 1086[511], also clearly misdated. "Adefonsus Rex Imperator Ispanie et Regina Elisabeth" protected the grazing rights of Valladolid Santa María by charter dated 1100[512]. "Adefonsus totius Ispanie imperator" donated property to the monastery of San Salvador de Oña with the consent of "uxoris mee Helisabet regine" by charter dated 23 Mar 1103[513]. Her origin is not known. Reilly assumes a French origin, speculating that she belonged to a younger branch of the house of Burgundy, but quotes no documentary evidence for this or any other French origin[514]. It used to be widely accepted that she was the daughter of Louis VI King of France, based on a funerary inscription, but this is chronologically impossible. Her existence is questionable and it is possible that she was in fact the same person as Isabel née Zaïda, shown below as King Alfonso's fifth wife. The question of the separate existence of King Alfonso VI's fourth wife would be resolved if we knew there had been two different memorials to "Queen Elisabeth" in the Royal Pantheon, but it appears that a record of these memorials no longer exists. According to Reilly, she is last named in a charter dated 14 May 1107[515], but it is more likely that this document refers to Queen Isabel/Elisabeth née Zaïda (see below).]
     "m fifthly (Mar 1106) as her second husband, ZAÏDA, widow of ABU NASIR al Fatah al Ma'Mun Emir of Córdoba, daughter of --- (-13 Sep 1107, bur Royal Pantheon of San Isidor at León). The Chronicon Regum Legionensium names "Zaida, the daughter of King Abenabeth of Seville, who was baptised…Elisabeth" as the second of two concubines of King Alfonso, and their son "Sancho who died at the battle of Ucles"[516]. The Chronicon de Cardeña records that King Alfonso married “Mora, que decien la Cayda, sobrina de Abenafanle” who was mother of his son Sancho[517]. Her first marriage is confirmed by the Bayan al Mugrib of Ibn Idari which names "le fils d´Alphonse, Sancho, qu´il avait eu de l´épouse d´Al Mamun ibn Abbad" when recording the battle of Uclés[518]. Salazar y Acha attempts to explain these three apparently contradictory sources by suggesting that Zaida could have been the daughter of "un hermano mayor…Ismail ibn Abbad" of Mohammed al-Mutamid, noting particularly the practice of endogamous marriages in the Muslim dynasties[519]. As noted above, Ismail is recorded as the brother of al-Mutatid and so would have been the paternal uncle of al-Mutamid. From a chronological point of view therefore Salazar y Acha´s suggestion appears untenible, although Zaida could have been another relative, maybe the daughter of an otherwise unrecorded brother of al-Mutamid. Alberto Montaner Frutos also discusses Zaïda, in particular relating to legends which have developed in connection with her history[520]. Reilly[521] dates the start of her relationship with King Alfonso to late 1091 or 1092, suggesting its diplomatic importance would have been greatest after the fall of Córdoba in Mar 1091 but before the fall of Badajoz in early 1094. This seems supported by the likelihood that their son Sancho was at least 15 years old when he was killed at the battle of Uclés in May 1108. Zaïda was christened ISABEL[522], date not known. Reilly cites a document of Galician origin dated 27 Mar 1106 which indicates that King Alfonso had married "Helisabet" shortly before[523]. Reilly[524] quotes a charter granted at Oviedo 19 Mar 1106 which lists members of the royal family, naming "Elisabeth" directly before "Sancho", which presumably refer to Zaïda and her son. "…Helisabet Regina, Reimundus comes, Urraca regis filia, Sancius filius regis…" subscribed the charter dated 14 May 1107 under which "Adefonsus…Toletani imperii rex…cum…uxore mea Helisabet regina" approved the mint of Santiago de Compostela[525]. Reilly assumes that the reference is to King Alfonso´s presumed fourth wife Isabel (Elizabeth)[526], but it appears more likely that the document refers to Zaïda. Reilly says that her sepulchral inscription (presumably now lost) reportedly stated that she had died in childbirth on 13 Sep, without giving the year, and in a later passage that the inscription stated that this was the "second ferial day", which he interprets as meaning a Monday or Thursday[527]. If the charters dated 1106 and 1107 correctly refer to Zaida, the year must have been 1107 assuming that King Alfonso married his sixth wife in 1108. Pérez´s history of Sahagún monastery, published in 1782, states that Queen Isabel was buried "en la Capilla mayor" of the monastery, but does not quote the inscription which confirms this statement[528].
     "m sixthly ([Apr] 1108) [as her first husband,] BEATRIX, daughter of --- (-after 1109). The Chronicon Regum Legionensium names "Beatrice" as the fifth of the "five legitimate wives" of King Alfonso[529]. The De Rebus Hispaniæ of Rodericus Ximenes names "Beatrix ex partibus Gallicanis" as fifth wife of "rex Aldefonsus"[530]. According to the Chronicon Regum Legionensium, she "returned to her own country" after the king died[531]. No primary source has been identified which indicates her family origin. Orderic Vitalis refers to the second marriage of "Agnetem filiam Guillelmi Pictavorum ducis relictam Hildefonsi senioris Galiciae regis" with Hélie Comte du Maine[532]. As noted above, it appears unlikely that this passage could refer to King Alfonso´s first wife named Agnes, whose death before the king´s second marriage is indicated (although not conclusively) by primary sources. It is therefore possible that the entry relates to the king´s sixth wife, the name "Agnetem" being an error for "Beatricem". If this was correct, she would have been Beatrix, daughter of Guillaume VIII Duke of Aquitaine [Guillaume VI Comte de Poitou] & his third wife Hildegarde de Bourgogne [Capet], this parentage being the most probable from a chronological point of view if she was the daughter of one of the dukes of Aquitaine. In this case, she would have married secondly (after Jun 1109) as his second wife, Hélie Comte du Maine.
     "[533]Mistress (1): ([1080]) JIMENA Muñoz, daughter of [MUNIO Muñoz & his wife Velasquita ---] (-Espinareda del Bierzo 1128, after 25 May, maybe 23 Jul, bur San Andres de Espinareda). The Chronicon Regum Legionensium names "Jimena Muñoz" as the first of two concubines of King Alfonso, and their daughters "Elvira the wife of count Raymond of Toulouse…and Teresa the wife of Count Henry"[534]. The Chronicon de Cardeña names “Ximena Nuñez” as mother of the king´s daughters “la Infant Doña Elvira è la Infant Doña Teresa”[535]. The precise parentage of Jimena Muñoz has been the subject of considerable debate over recent years. The common connection with Ulver, where she was recorded, appears conclusive in determining that she was closely related to Munio Muñoz who was also recorded in the same castle (see the document GALICIA NOBILITY). Her birth date, estimated from her having given birth to two children in the early 1080s, suggests that she was his daughter rather than his sister (assuming that Munio´s parents are correctly identified as Munio Rodríguez and Jimena Ordóñez). Kerrebrouck states that Jimena Múñoz was King Alfonso VI's second wife, married before the end of 1078 (marriage annulled), but this is chronologically difficult to maintain. King Alfonso's relationship with Jimena lasted long enough to produce two children. As noted above, the last documentary reference to Queen Inés was dated 22 May 1077 while King Alfonso's marriage to Queen Constance took place in late 1079. This leaves insufficient time for the king to have married and had two legitimate children by Jimena. The reference in Kerrebrouck to the annulment of King Alfonso's alleged marriage to Jimena is presumably based on Pope Gregory VII's letter of 27 Jun 1080 which, among other things, objected to King Alfonso's "marriage" on the grounds of consanguinity. The letter does not name the wife whose marriage was objected to, but Reilly appears correct in concluding that "it can be no other than Queen Constance herself", given the likely date of her marriage and the likely date of birth of her daughter Urraca[536]. Reilly suggests that King Alfonso VI's relationship with Jimena started in [1081/82][537]. "Monnio Moniz, uxor sua Velasquita, Xemena Moniz, Petro Velaz, Sol Sancxiz…" subscribed the charter dated 1 Oct 1085 under which "Gelvira Petriz…cum viro meo…Godino Citiz" donated property in Priaranza to the monastery of San Pedro de Montes[538]. The dating clause of a charter dated 7 Feb 1093, under which "Petro Quizaz" sold property in Salas de los Barrios to the monastery of San Pedro de Montes, names "Scemena Monniz in Ulver"[539]. "Garcia Monnuiz…cum uxor mea Fronille Annalaz cognomento Sol et Pelayo Monniuz et Auro Villito et Monniuz" donated property in Jagoaza to the monastery of San Pedro de Montes, and "Xemeno Monniuz" sold "mea porcione quam habui inter fratres meos" of the sam[e property, by charter dated 26 Sep [1095][540]. It is possible that "Xemeno Monniuz" in this document is an error for "Xemena Monniuz". However, the dating clause which names "Comes Froyla Didaz imperante in ipsa terra de Iorres" suggests that the property was in a different area from "Ulver" and therefore that the two families were unrelated.] The dating clause of a charter dated 17 Dec 1096, under which "Vellite Ferrudiz et uxor mea Falella" sold property in Salas de los Barrios to the monastery of San Pedro de Montes, names "…Xemena Munniz in Ulver"[541]. The dating clause of a charter dated 21 Mar 1097, under which "Maria" donated property in Rimor to the monastery of San Pedro de Montes, names "Donna Xemena Monniz imperante ipsa terra de Ulver"[542]. "Xemena Munniz" donated property in Salas de los Barrios to the monastery of San Pedro de Montes by charter dated 26 Apr 1101[543]. "Potestas in illa terra donna Xemena" and "Xemena Monnuz imperante terra de Ulver" is named in dating clauses of other charters which record donations to San Pedro de Montes, dated 1099, 29 Jun 1100, 26 Aug [1103], 19 Apr [1104], 19 Jan [1107][544]. The dating clause of charters dated between [1115] and 15 May 1118 name "Johanne Petriz potestate in Ulver", and from 6 Mar 1126 "Ramiro Froilaz"[545], suggesting that the Muñoz family moved from the castle in [1107/15]. "Ximena Munniz" donated property in "Trebalio et Turres" to "nepotis mei…Garcie Fernandiz" by charter dated 18 Apr 1127[546]. Jimena Muñoz donated property in "la villa de Torres, discurrente rivulo Orbico, territorio Astoricensis" to the Order of St John by charter dated 18 Sep 1127[547]. "Jimena Muñiz" donated property "en Villar de Salas en el Bierzo" to Astorga Cathedral by charter dated 25 May 1128[548]. Doña Jimena retired to the Benedictine convent of Esinareda del Bierzo. The necrology of León Cathedral records the death “X Kal Aug” of “Xemena Moniz”[549]. Sandoval records that "Ximena Nuñez" was buried in "San Andres de Espinareda"[550]. An inscription in the monastery of Espinareda records the death in 1128 of "Semena Alphonsi vidui regis amica", although Rodríguez González highlights the opinion that the monument is a later forgery[551]. Sandoval records that "Ximena Nuñez" was buried in "San Andres de Espinareda"[552]."
Med Lands cites:

; per Farmerie: Thanks to Nat Taylor, I have recently read through a new article on
the subject of Zaida, royal mistress and (as some would have it) queen
of Alfonso VI of Leon and Castile.

To review, Alonso had a complex marriage history. The early-12th
century Bishop Pelayo of Oviedo wrote that Alfonso married Agnes of
Aquitaine, Constance of Burgundy, Bertha of Tuscany, Isabel, and
Beatrice, and further had children by mistresses Jimena and Zaida, a
moorish princess who was baptized as Isabel. Several questions remain
about these women, their parentage and identities. Agnes can be
definitively placed as daughter of Guy-Geoffrey alias William VIII of
Aquitaine by his second wife, and Constance has always been clearly
identified as daughter of Robert I, Duke of Burgundy. Zaida is said by
the Bishop to be daughter of the deposed ruler of Seville, but muslim
sources make it clear that she was actually his daughter-in-law. At
various times, various theories have been proposed regarding the
others, while the fate of Agnes has also been subject to debate.

The problem with Agnes is that Orderic has her marrying Helias, Count
of Maine, 30 years after she is last recorded as Alfonso's wife (22
May 1077). This would require a divorce followed by a long seclusion,
or else an intermediate marriage that has escaped notice. As further
evidence for divorce, authors have cited an undated papal latter
thought to be from the late 1070s or earliest 1080s that condemns
Alfonso for continuing in an incestuous so-called marriage.
Presumably, it is argued, Alfonso divorced Agnes to satisfy the pope.
The alternative explanation is that Orderic was mistaken, and that
Helias married someone else. These authors would argue that the papal
letter refers not to his old marriage, but to his new one to
Constance, contracted prior to 8 May 1080. At least this latter part
does seem to be the case, as the letter decries the behavior of a
certain Clunaic monk who is known to have been instrumental in
arranging the marriage to Constance, and Constance was a near relative
of Agnes (and if it was the relationship of Constance to Agnes that
was the problem, it would suggest that Alfonso's marriage to Agnes was
never annulled). It hasn't helped that Agnes had a half-sister who
was also an Iberian queen, and the death date of the latter has been
erroneously given to the former by some authors.

Constance last appears 2 Sep. 1093, and is absent by 25 October of
that year.

With regard to Bertha, Szabolcs de Vajay wrote an article dedicate to
her identification, but I have been unable to get hold of a copy to
see what he concludes. I have seen nothing else, other than some vague
speculation. Bertha first appears 28 Apr. 1095 (as Alberta) and last
on 17 Nov. 1099 (Berta), being dead by 15 Jan. 1100.

By 14 May 1100, Alfonso is married to Isabel(/Elizabeth - the names
were not distinct at the time), and he continues to appear with a
queen of that name through 1107. She is called daughter of Luis, King
of France, by Lucas de Tuy, writing a century after bishop Pelayo, but
at the time she would have been born, no Louis had reigned in France
since the last of the Carolingians, nor was the name Isabel used for a
royal daughter until after she was married. While this identification
also appears on a tomb memorial, it was clearly carved in a later
hand, and both accounts giving her this parentage are generally
dismissed. Reilly hypothesized that she was daughter of WIlliam,
Count of Burgundy (but on nothing more than that it would be
consistent with the pattern of political alliances Alfonso operated
in). Most intriguing, because she was mother of a daughter with known
descent, some modern authors have identified her with mistress Zaida,
even though bishop Pelayo makes no indication that this is the case.

As to Beatrice, she likewise has been subject to unsupported
speculation, most notably by Reilly, who suggested she was niece of
Agnes. (One does wonder that if a pope went apoplectic over Alfonso
marrying a distant cousin of Agnes in Constance, it would not raise a
stink to marry her neice, but this does allow one to suggest that
Orderic's only mistake was in the name of Alfonso's wife marrying
Helias.)

Jimena has drawn much more attention, there being abounding theories
regarding her. Traditionally she has been called daughter of count
Nuno Rodriguez by a granddaughter of one of Vermudo II's bastards.
However, she was actually Jimena Munoz, daughter of a Munio (on the
other hand, Nuno Rodriguez was actually named Munio Rodriguez), and it
is clear that her identification with this family is of late origin.
Quintana Prieto suggested that she was daughter of an otherwise
obscure Munio Munoz, yet this doesn't seem to match with her
description as being of a most-noble family. Canal Sanchez-Pagin
looked at the 'most noble' Munios in the prior generation and found
three who could be so described. By process of elimination (one,
Munio Munoz, names all of his children in a charter, while another
seems not fo fit for chronological reasons), he concludes that she was
daughter of count Munio Gonzalez, who he also makes grandfather of
counts Pedro and Rodrigo Gonzalez de Lara (this last appears not to be
the case - their father is clearly called Gonzalo Nunez, not Munoz).
There are also two works that I have been unable to access, one by
Mello Vaz de Sao Payo, which concludes that she was daughter of a
Count Munio Munoz (although I do not know the basis, or precisely
which man of this name is being suggested), and secondly, Salazar y
Acha published a paper in the same publication as the Vajay article on
Bertha, and I have yet to see it as well. However, recently a new
article by Canal clarified Vajay's conclusion. While not specifically
naming Jimena, he cites Salazar as indicating that count Rodrigo
Munoz, thought by Canal to be brother of Jimena, was son of Munio
Rodriguez and descendant of Vermudo II. Thus, it looks like Salazar
has returned to the traditional descent, although his reasoning
remains to be seen.

This brings us back to Zaida and the subject of the newly acquired
Salazar y Acha work. In the same article that he discussed Jimena, he
also concluded that Zaida and Queen Isabel were one and the same. His
arguments had to do with chronology, family politics, and one
particularly interesting document (although I have not seen the
original, his new article reviews his arguments from the old). Sancho
is absent from royal documents prior to the marriage to Isabel, and
then immediately appears. This coincidence of timing suggests to
Salazar that the two are related - that the marriage to Isabel
legitimated Sancho, allowing him to become the heir. That he did
become the heir is beyond dispute, and Salazar also questions whether
an unlinked queen Isabel would have permitted her own potential
children to be superseded (I have to wonder if Alfonso would have
cared what his wife thought of the matter). Finally, there is a
donation charter found in the Tumbo de Lorenzana, which is confirmed
by Alfonso, "eiusdemque Helisabeth regina sub maritali copula
legaliter aderente". This suggests that Isabel was once Alfonso's
mistress, which points directly to Zaida/Isabel. However, this is
somewhat odd, as by this time (1106) Alfonso and Isabel had been
married for 6 years, leading Reilly to conclude that there were two
queens Isabel in succession, and that only shortly before this 1106
confirmation did he marry Zaida.

In his new article, Salazar adds several novel points, and then drops
a bombshell for the very end. To refute Reilly's 'two Isabels'
theory, he cites a charter of Urraca, which names her step-mothers
Berta, Isabel, and Beatrix, meaning that both she and Bishop Pelayo
would have had to leave out one Isabel. He also points to the
chronology between marriages, taking las and first appearance as an
indication. We see three years between Agnes and Constance, and one
and a half between Constance and Bertha, but less than six months
between Bertha and Isabel. He concludes that this left insufficient
time for the arranging of a political union, but is perfectly
consistent with Alfonso simply marrying his mistress. Finally, he
draws attention to a previously overlooked charter in which a grant is
made by Alfonso, "cum uxore mea Elisabet et filio nostro Sancio". It
is clear that he is not using the 'royal we', as he does not call
Isabel "our wife" but "my wife". This would seem prima facie evidence
that Sancho, known to be son of Zaida, was son of queen Isabel,
meaning that she and Zaida were one and the same. (It would, however,
be useful to see how he refers to Urraca, Elvira and Teresa under
similar contexts).

If one accepts that Salazar had 1) refuted Reilly's suggestion, and 2)
shown that Sancho was son of Queen Isabel, it would indicate that the
Infantas Elvira, wife of Roger, King of Sicily, and Sancha, known
daughters of Queen Isabel, are daughters of the moor Zaida. This is of
particular interest with regard to Elvira, as she has numerous
documented descendants (while lines from Sancha are found across the
internet, none of them are factual).

taf

Refs:

Canal Sanchez-Pagin, Jose Maria. Jimena Munoz, Amiga de Alfonso VI.
Anuario de Estudios Medievales. 21:11-40 (1991).
Canal Sanchez-Pagin, Jose Maria. El conde Gómez González de
Candespina: su historia y su familia.Anuario de estudios medievales.
Nº 33:37-68 (2003)
Mello Vaz de Sao Payo, Luiz. A Ascendencia de D. Afonso Henriques.
Raizes & Memorias, vols. 2 through 8, various pages. (relevant part
not seen)
Quintana Prieto, Augusto. Jimena Muñiz, madre de Doña Teresa de
Portugal. Revista Portuguesa de Historia. 12:223-80 (1969).
Salazar y Acha, Jaime de. De nuevo sobre la mora Zaida. Hidalguía: la
revista de genealogía, nobleza y armas. Nº. 321:225-242 (2007).
Salazar y Acha, Jaime de. Contribución al estudio del reinado de
Alfonso VI de Castilla: algunas aclaraciones sobre su política
matrimonial. Anales de la Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica y
Genealogía. Nº. 2:299-336 (1992-3) (not seen)
Vajay, Szabolcs de. Reflexiones en torno a Berta, tercera mujer de
Alfonso VI. Anales de la Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica y
Genealogía. Nº. 2:337-344 (1992-3) (not seen.)¹⁰

; Leo van de Pas cites: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: II 27.²

     Elvira (?) de Castile died; died young.¹

     (?) (?) de Provence married Raimond IV de Toulouse Cte de Toulouse, de St. Gilles et de Tripoli, Duc de Narbonne, son of Pons II Guillaume (?) comte de Toulouse, Albi & Dijon and Almodis de La Marche, in 1066
; his 1st wife; repudiated ca 1076.^1,5,2,6 (?) (?) de Provence and Raimond IV de Toulouse Cte de Toulouse, de St. Gilles et de Tripoli, Duc de Narbonne were divorced circa 1076; Repudiated.^2,5,1
      ; Per Genealogy.EU: "Cte Raimund IV de Toulouse (1088-1105), Count de Saint-Gilles, Count de Tripoli, Duc de Narbonne, Ct of Tripoli, *Toulouse 1046-52, +Mont-Pelerin, Tripoli, Syria 28.2.1105; Raymond IV was one of the chief leaders of the First Crusade who led over 100.000, and distinguished himself in the Battle of Ascalon. He died at the siege of Tripoli in Syria; 1m: 1066 N, a dau.of Ct Godfrey I of Arles, Count de Provence and Etiennette=Douce de Gevaudan (repudiated ca 1076); 2m: 1080 Matilda of Sicily (*1062 +1094); 3m: 1094 Elvira of Castile (+after 1151.)¹"

Reference: Leo van de Pas cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III/4 764.²

; a dau.of Ct Godfrey I of Arles, Count de Provence and Etiennette=Douce de Gevaudan.¹

     Bernard Aton IV Trencavel (?) Vicomte de Carcassone, Razes, Beziers and Albi married Cecile (?) de Provence, daughter of Bertrand II (?) Cte de Provence and Mathilde (?).^1,2

Bernard Aton IV Trencavel (?) Vicomte de Carcassone, Razes, Beziers and Albi died in 1129; Histoire de Comtes de Foix says d. 1130.^4,2
     Bernard Aton IV Trencavel (?) Vicomte de Carcassone, Razes, Beziers and Albi was also known as Bernard Atton IV (?) Vcte d'Albi, de Nimes, de Carcassone, de Beziers et d'Agde.⁴

     Guilfred (?) de Briancon was born in 918.¹
Guilfred (?) de Briancon died in 970.¹
      ; an ancestor of de Clermont family.¹

     Mathilde de Hauteville was born in 1062.^1,3,8,6 She married Robert I d'Eu Comte d'Eu, son of Guillaume I d'Hieme (?) comte d’Hiémois, comte d’Eu et de Brionne and Lesceline de Tourville, circa 1078
;
Her 1st husband; his 2nd wife, Repudiated.^9,3,6,10 Mathilde de Hauteville and Robert I d'Eu Comte d'Eu were divorced before 1080.⁶ Mathilde de Hauteville married Raimond IV de Toulouse Cte de Toulouse, de St. Gilles et de Tripoli, Duc de Narbonne, son of Pons II Guillaume (?) comte de Toulouse, Albi & Dijon and Almodis de La Marche, in 1080
; her 2nd husband; his 2nd wife.^{1,11,3,8,6,12} Mathilde de Hauteville and Raimond IV de Toulouse Cte de Toulouse, de St. Gilles et de Tripoli, Duc de Narbonne were divorced in 1088.^3,6,12
Mathilde de Hauteville died before 1094.^1,3,8,6
     ; Per Genealogy.EU: "Cte Raimund IV de Toulouse (1088-1105), Count de Saint-Gilles, Count de Tripoli, Duc de Narbonne, Ct of Tripoli, *Toulouse 1046-52, +Mont-Pelerin, Tripoli, Syria 28.2.1105; Raymond IV was one of the chief leaders of the First Crusade who led over 100.000, and distinguished himself in the Battle of Ascalon. He died at the siege of Tripoli in Syria; 1m: 1066 N, a dau.of Ct Godfrey I of Arles, Count de Provence and Etiennette=Douce de Gevaudan (repudiated ca 1076); 2m: 1080 Matilda of Sicily (*1062 +1094); 3m: 1094 Elvira of Castile (+after 1151.)¹³"

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 693, 764.⁸

; per Stasser email 27 March 2004: "Mathilda, 2nd wife of Raymond IV of Saint Gilles, Count of Toulouse. She was married off in 1080 (Malaterra, III, 22: igitur anno dominicae incarnationis MLXXX raimundus famosissimus comes Provinciarum famam Rogerii Siculorum comitis audiens...Matildem filiam suam quam de prima uxore habebat sibi in matrimonium copulandam expostulat.)¹⁴"

; Per Med Lands:
     "MATHILDE of Sicily (1062-before 1094). Malaterra records the marriage of "Raimundus comes Provinciarum" and "Matildem filiam suam [Rogerii Siculorum comitis]…de prima uxore" which he dates to 1080[411]. The primary source which confirms her first marriage has not yet been identified. According to Houben[412], Mathilde who married Robert Comte d'Eu was the daughter of Roger I Count of Sicily by his second wife, and a different person from Mathilde wife of Raymond Comte de Saint-Gilles. No source is quoted, but this seems unlikely from a chronological point of view as Roger's second marriage took place in [1077], and Robert Comte d'Eu died in [1089/93]. In addition, it seems unlikely that Roger, at the height of his power as count of Sicily in the late 1080s, would have agreed to his daughter's marriage to an obscure count in northern France while he was arranging royal marriages for his other daughters.
Per Med Lands:
     "m firstly (repudiated before [1080][413]) as his second wife, ROBERT Comte d'Eu, son of GUILLAUME Comte d'Hiémois et d'Eu [Normandie] & his wife Lesceline de Tourville (-8 Sep [1089/93], bur Le Tréport).
Per Med Lands:
     "m secondly (1080, divorced [1088]) as his third wife, RAYMOND de Toulouse, son of PONS Comte de Toulouse & his third wife Almodis de La Marche (-castle of Mount Pèlerin near Tripoli, Palestine 28 Feb 1105). He succeeded his brother in 1094 as RAYMOND IV Comte de Toulouse."
Med Lands cites:

; NB: There is some disagreement about the husbands of Mathilde, dau. of Roger I and his 1st wife, Judith d'Evreux. It appears that Roger had more than one dau. named Mathilde by his 3 wives. This may have contributed to the confusion about the se Mathildes' husbands.
     A. Genealogics' listing for this Mathilde only shows one husband, Raimond de Toulouse. However, the listing for Robert d'Eu shows him married to "Mathilde de Hautevillle", the dau. of Roger I and his 2nd wife, Eremburge de Mortain.
     B. Med Lands shows two husbands: m1 Robert d'Eu; m2 Raymond de Toulouse
     C. Entries for both Wikipedia and Wikipédia (Fr.) show this Mathilde as m1 Robert d'Eu and m2 Rayomd de Toulouse
     D. Different family pages of Racines et Histoire disagree between themselves:
     E. Genealogy.EU only shows her marriage to Raimond of Toulouse:
     F. However, per Stasser email 27 March 2004: "By Eremburge of Mortain, Count Roger had at least 1 daughter, named Mathilda, wife before December 1092 Robert, count of Eu (in 1094, Robert mentioned his mother in law Eremburge: Ego Robertus comes Guillelmi de Auceto filius ...pro saluta comitisse Mathildis uxoris mee...ac etiam voluntate gloriosissimi comitis Rogerii probissime comitisse Eremburge digissimorum patris et matris eius...)"
I prefer to follow the two marriages as shown by Med Lands for now, though the Stasser comment is worrisome. GA Vaut.^{8,6,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,14}

; Per Racines et Histoire: "1) Mathilde (Mahaut) ° 1062 + 1094
     ép. 1) Rainolf d’Alife
     ép. 2) 1080 Raymond IV de Toulouse dit «de SaintGilles», comte de Toulouse et de Tripoli + 28/02/1105"
NB: Roger apparently had three duaghters named Mathilde and they are frequently confused among various sources. While Racines et Histoire shows that this Mathilde married first Rainolf d'Alife, other sources have her marrying Robert d'Eu and a different Mathilde m. to Rainolf/Rainulfo. GA Vaut.^17,24

     Judith (?) d'Evreux was born circa 1050.¹ She married Roger I de Hauteville Count of Sicily, son of Tancrede de Hauteville Duke of Apulia and Fresendis/Frasenda (?), in November 1061 at San Martino d'Agri
;
His 1st wife; per Stasser email 27 March 2004: "By Judith, married between Christmas 1061 and Spring 1062, the count of Sicily had at least 4 daughters: (1) the anonymous wife of Hugues of Gircea, married before 1075/76... (2) Mathilda, 2nd wife of Raymond IV of Saint gilles, Count of Toulouse.... (3) Adelisa, wife of Henri count of Monte san Angelo before March 1083 ... (4) Emma, engaged to King Philippe I of France (who was still married to Bertha of Holland), and finally married to a count of Clermont by her brother in law Raymond of Toulouse ... She
afterwards married Raoul macchabee, count of Montescaglioso."^1,5,6,7,3,4
Judith (?) d'Evreux died circa 1076.^1,3,4
      ; per Racines et Histoire: "2) Roger 1er ° ~1032 + 22/06/1102 (Mileto, Calabre) comte (1071), Grand-comte de Sicile (1096) Pouilles et Calabre (1057), Légat Apostolique (1098)
     ép. 1) 11/1061 (San Martino d’Agri) Judith d’Evreux ° ~1050 + 1076 (fille de Guillaume, comte d’Evreux, et d’Havoise d’Echauffour)
     ép. 2) dès 1080 (~1077) Aremburge de Mortain (alias de Corbeil) + ~1088 (fille de Guillaume Werlenc de Mortain)
     ép. 3) ~1089 Adélaïde de Savone (Savona, del Vasto, Montferrat) ° ~1100 + 16/04/1118 Régente de Sicile (fille de Bonifazio de Savone, marquis del Vasto, et d’Adélaïde de Suse ou fille de Manfred 1er ? ; ép. 2) Baudouin de Boulogne (1er, Roi de Jérusalem) + 07/04/1118.)⁸ "

; Per Med Lands:
     "ROGER de Hauteville, son of TANCRED de Hauteville & his second wife Fressenda --- ([1031]-Mileto 22 Jun 1101, bur Mileto, Abbey of the Holy Trinity). Malaterra names "septimus Rogerius minor" last among the sons of Tancred & his second wife[385]. The Annals of Romoald agree that he was the youngest son[386]. Amatus records that the brothers "Mauger, Geoffrey, William and Roger" arrived in Apulia from Normandy[387], dated from the context to [1054/57]. He joined his brother Robert Guiscard in Calabria in autumn 1057, where he soon subdued much of the western part of the peninsula from his base at Cape Vaticano. He helped suppress a rebellion in Melfi, but quarrelled with his brother and left his service in early 1058. He joined his brother Guillaume Count of the Principate, and installed himself in the castle of Scalea from where he led a life of brigandage. He helped his brother Robert Guiscard to suppress the rebellions in Calabria triggered by the famine of 1058, in return for the promise of half the territory involved. He captured Messina in 1061, and crossed to Sicily. The Chronicon Breve Normannicum records "Rogerius comes" captured "Mandorium" in 1061[388]. Still not having received his reward for helping Robert Guiscard in 1058, Roger issued an ultimatum in 1062. Robert reacted by besieging Roger at Mileto, but was captured at Gerace. A compromise was reached, seemingly based on a scheme to divide each town and castle into two separate areas of influence[389]. Roger returned to Sicily in Aug 1062, basing himself at Troina. After being besieged there for four months, he defeated the Muslims at Cerami in 1063. Further progress in the conquest was slow, but marked by the victory at Misilmeri in 1068. He helped his brother capture Bari in 1071, the two of them returning immediately afterwards to Sicily where they took Palermo in 1072 after offering terms of surrender which were favourable to the Muslim population. Robert Guiscard claimed suzerainty over the island, having been invested as Duke by the Pope several years earlier, but installed his brother as ROGER I Count of Sicily. According to Houben, Roger never used the title "magnus comes" or "Great Count", which was attributed to him in documents after his death. Houben also points out that "magnus" may have been intended in the sense of "elder" in the later documentation, to distinguish him from his son[390]. Progress in conquering the island of Sicily was slow, and further delayed by calls from Robert "Guiscard" for Roger's military help in Apulia. However, Trapani was conquered in 1077, and Taormina in Aug 1079. In 1081, the Muslims recaptured Syracuse, but lost it again to Roger's son Jourdain. Roger's conquest of Sicily was completed by 1091, when he also captured Malta. Magnanimous in victory, he was able to lay the foundations for a highly successful, multi-cultural state in Sicily where Muslim, Greek and Norman elements all prospered. Roger I also established control in areas of peninsular Italy. His nephew Roger "Borsa" Duke of Apulia ceded him those parts of Sicily and Calabria which were still under the control of Apulia in return for military support against his half-brother Bohémond. Roger I also demanded the lordship of Naples in return for helping Richard II Prince of Capua establish himself in 1098. He founded the Benedictine Abbey at Mileto where he was buried. Lupus Protospatarius records the death in Jun 1101 of "Rogerius comes Siciliæ"[391]. The Annales Siculi record the death in Jul 1101 of "comes Rogerus pater regis Rogerii"[392]. The monk Conrad´s Brevis Chronica records the death in Jul 1101 "apud Miletum" of "Comes [Rogerius comes]" and his burial "in ecclesia quam ipse fundaverat"[393].
     "m firstly (San Martino d'Agri Nov 1061) JUDITH d'Evreux, daughter of GUILLAUME d'Evreux [Normandie] & his wife Hawise --- (-1076). Orderic Vitalis names “Judith” who later married “Rogerii comitis Siciliæ” as the child of “Willermo Rodberti archiepiscopo filio” and his wife[394]. Orderic Vitalis records that “duæ sorores uterinæ Rodberti abbatis [Robert de Grantmesnil, ex-abbot of Ouche] Judith et Emma” had been left “apud Uticum in capella sancti Ebrulfi...sub sacro velamine”, that when they learnt that “Rodbertum fratrem suum” was established in Apulia with “secular power” (“sæculari potentia”) they left for Italy where they both married, Judith marrying “Rogerius Siciliæ comes” and Emma marrying “aliusque comes, cujus nomen no recolo”, dated to [1061/63][395]. Malaterra records the marriage "apud Sanctum Martinum" of "abbatum Sanctæ Euphemiæ Robertum…Judicta sorore sua" and Count Roger[396]. Left at Troina in Aug 1062 while her husband left to campaign further in Sicily, the citizens of the town attempted to take her hostage. She and her returned husband were besieged for four months.
     "m secondly ([1077]) EREMBURGE de Mortain, daughter of ROBERT Comte d'Eu [Normandie] & his first wife Béatrice --- (-[1087]). Malaterra records the death of "Eremburga filia Gulielmi comitis Mortonensis" wife of "comes Rogerius", dating the event to 1089[397].
     "m thirdly ([1087]) as her first husband, ADELAIDA del Vasto, daughter of MANFREDO del Vasto Marchese di Savona [Monferrato] & his wife --- ([1072]-Palermo 16 Apr 1118, bur Patti, Convent of San Salvatore). Her origin is confirmed by Malaterra who records the marriage of "comes Rogerus" and "Adelaydem…neptem Bonifacii…Italorum marchionis, filiam…fratris eius", dating the event to 1089[398]. According to Houben[399], she was "barely 15" on her first marriage, although the basis for this statement is not known and if it is correct her assumed birth year would be earlier or later than [1072] depending on the actual year of the marriage. She was regent of Sicily for her sons Count Simon and Count Roger II 1101-1112, jointly with Robert de Bourgogne, the husband of one of her step-daughters. She suppressed rebellions by her vassals with great severity. "Adalaidis comitissa Sicilie et Calabrie cum filio meo Rogerio" donated property to the church of St Bartholomew for the soul of "dmi mei comitis Rogerii" by charter dated [Mar 25/31 Aug] 1107[400]. "Adalasia comitissa Siciliæ et Calabriæ et…comes Rogerius filius eius" donated property to the bishopric of Squillace on the advice of "ipsorum baronum…Roberti Borelli et Gosberti de Licia et Willelmi de Altavilla" by charter dated [Mar 25/31 Aug] 1107[401]. She established the Sicilian capital at Palermo [Mar/Jun] 1112. She married secondly (Acre Sep 1113, repudiated 1117) as his third wife, Baudouin I King of Jerusalem. Fulcher of Chartres specifies that King Baudouin married the widow of Roger Count of Sicily and names her "Adelaidis" in a later passage[402]. Albert of Aix records the marriage at Acre of King Baudouin to the widow of "Rotgeri ducis Siciliæ, fratris Boemundi", describing in detail the magnificence of her suite, dated to [1113] from the context[403]. As a condition of her second marriage, she insisted that her son by her first marriage, Roger Count of Sicily, would become heir to Jerusalem if the second marriage produced no other heir[404]. Albert of Aix records that Arnoul Patriarch of Jerusalem ordered the king to repudiate his wife "propter adulterium" in relation to his "prima conjuge, de orta de principibus Armeniæ", implying that the former wife was still alive when the king remarried, but adds that the king was also accused of consanguinity with his wife who was "ortæ de sanguine Gallorum", whereupon his wife returned to Sicily[405]. Fulcher records her death in Sicily in April immediately after recording the death of King Baudouin[406]. The Annales Siculi record the death in 1118 of "Adelasia regina Ierosolimitana mater regis Rogerii"[407]. The monk Conrad´s Brevis Chronica records the death in 1118 of "Adelasia uxor comitis Rogerii, mater regis Rogerii"[408].
     "Count Roger I & his first wife had [five] children.
     "Count Roger & his second wife had nine children.
     "Count Roger & his third wife had three children.
     "Count Roger had one illegitimate child by an unknown mistress."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Wikipedia:
     "Judith d'Évreux († 1076) was a Norman noblewoman and Countess of Sicily.
     "Judith was the daughter of William d'Évreux and Hawise de Giroie, widow of Robert I de Grantmesnil.[1] She was second cousin of William the Conqueror[2] her father being the son of Robert II Archbishop of Rouen, while her mother was the daughter of Giroie, Lord of Échauffour, a wealthy Norman baron. at an unknown age [3]
     "Her half-brother Robert de Grandmesnil, abbot of the Norman Abbey of Saint-Evroul, was her guardian.[4] After quarreling with Duke William in January 1061, Robert fled Normandy with Judith, her brother and sister, to Rome.[4] Eventually he turned to Robert Guiscard, Duke of Calabria, who treated the abbot with great respect and invited him and his monks to settle in Calabria.[5] The Duke's brother Roger I of Sicily had known Judith from Normandy, and his status and fortunes had now changed considerably.[4] No longer the poor son of a lesser Norman family, when Count Roger heard that Judith was in Calabria he went to meet her.[4] They were married immediately and he took his bride to Mileto where the marriage was celebrated.[4]
     "Roger soon left Judith in Mileto and returned to his campaigns in Sicily.[6] The following summer he joined Judith and brought her with him to Sicily where he and his army of three hundred went to Troina. Leaving Judith in the care of his garrison he continued his campaign.[7] Greek residents then attacked his fortifications attempting to take Countess Judith prisoner and ransom her in exchange for the Norman's leaving Troina.[7] The garrison held out until Roger returned and rescued Judith and the troops guarding her.[7] For four more months the Normans fought the Greeks who had now joined forces with the Arabs.[7] Judith shared the hardships with her husband and the Norman troops living in the cold with little food. Finally Roger was able to overcome the Arabs and regain control of Troina.[8] Roger needed to return to the mainland to replenish their horses and supplies and left Judith once again.[9] This time Judith took command of the citadel herself until Roger returned.[9]
     "Judith died, still a young woman,[10] in Sicily in 1076.[11]
     "Judith bore Roger a daughter, who married Hugh of Jarzé († 1076).[11] Other children of Judith were:
Notes
a. Orderic stated that her mother had only one daughter by her second marriage to William d'Évreux while several sources claim she had a sister Emma. See The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy, trans. by Thomas Forester, Vol. I (London: Henry G. Bohn, 1853), p. 395; Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln, II (1984), 79. While Norwich in The Normans in the South (1981) mentions a sister, he does not name her.
References
1. Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 79
2. John Julius Norwich, The Normans in the South 1016–1130 (London: Solitaire Books, 1981), p. 146
3. Orderic Vitalis, The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy, trans. Thomas Forester, Vol. I (London: Henry G. Bohn, 1853), pp. 390, 395
4. John Julius Norwich, The Normans in the South 1016–1130 (London: Solitaire Books, 1981), pp. 146–47
5. The Normans in Europe, ed & trans. Elisabeth van Houts (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2000), p. 247
6. John Julius Norwich, The Normans in the South 1016–1130 (London: Solitaire Books, 1981), p. 147
7. John Julius Norwich, The Normans in the South 1016–1130 (London: Solitaire Books, 1981), p. 151
8. John Julius Norwich, The Normans in the South 1016–1130 (London: Solitaire Books, 1981), p. 153
9. John Julius Norwich, The Normans in the South 1016–1130 (London: Solitaire Books, 1981), p. 156
10. John Julius Norwich, The Normans in the South 1016–1130 (London: Solitaire Books, 1981), p. 278
11. Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 206."⁹

; Per Wikipédia (Fr.):
     "Judith d'Évreux (née vers 1040 et morte en 1076) est une noble normande, comtesse de Sicile.
Biographie
     "Judith est la fille de Guillaume d'Évreux et Hawise de Giroie, veuve de Robert Ier de Grantmesnil1. Guillaume d'Évreux est le cousin germain de Guillaume le Conquérant2, et sa mère la fille de Giroie un riche baron normand3,4.
     "Son demi-frère Robert de Grandmesnil, abbé de Saint-Évroult, est son tuteur5. Après une querelle avec le duc Guillaume en janvier 1061, Robert fuit la Normandie avec Judith, son frère et sa sœur, et part à Rome5. Il se tourne vers Robert Guiscard, duc de Calabre, qui l'invite, lui et ses moines, à s'installer dans la région6. Le frère du duc, Roger, futur conquérant de la Sicile musulmane, vient à la rencontre de Judith de Normandie, et la prend en mariage en décembre 1061, à Mileto5.
     "Roger poursuit sa campagne en Sicile7. En 1062, Judith le rejoint à Troina8. Une troupe de Grecs attaque le camp normand en l'absence de Roger pour tenter d'emprisonner la comtesse Judith et ainsi obtenir le départ des Normands8. La garnison résiste jusqu'au retour de Roger8. Pendant quatre mois, les Normands affrontent, dans le froid et un certain dénuement, les Grecs rejoints par des Sarrasins. L'armée de Roger parvient finalement à reprendre le contrôle de Tronia9. Alors que Roger repart sur le continent pour obtenir des renforts10, Judith prend le commandement de la citadelle10.
     "En 1071, Roger obtient du pape la création du comté de Sicile, suite à quoi Judith devient comtesse de Sicile. Elle meurt en Sicile en 107611,12.
Descendance
     "Judith n'a avec Roger que des filles :
     1. Une fille (Flandrine) promise ou mariée à Hugues de Gercé, jeune chevalier peut-être originaire de Jarzé
2. Mathilde de Hauteville, mariée au comte Robert d'Eu qui, répudiée, se remarie au comte Raymond IV de Toulouse
3. Adelise (ou Adelicia), mariée en 1086 à Henri de Monte Sant'Angelo, puissant baron normand d'Apulie
4. Emma († 1120), brièvement fiancée à Philippe Ier de France ; mariée d'abord à Guillaume VI, comte d'Auvergne puis à Rodulf, comte normand de Montescaglioso
Notes et références
** (en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « Judith d'Évreux » (voir la liste des auteurs).
1. Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Bande II (Marburg, Allemagne: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 79
2. John Julius Norwich, Les Normands dans le Sud 1016-1130 (Londres: Solitaire Livres, 1981), p. 146
3. Orderic dit que sa mère n'avait qu'une fille de son second mariage de William d'Évreux alors que plusieurs sources affirment qu'elle avait une sœur Emma.
4. Orderic vital, L'Histoire Ecclésiastique de l'Angleterre et de la Normandie, trans.
5. John Julius Norwich, Les Normands dans le Sud 1016-1130 (Londres: Solitaire Livres, 1981), pp. 146-47
6. Les Normands en Europe, ed & trans.
7. John Julius Norwich, Les Normands dans le Sud 1016-1130 (Londres: Solitaire Livres, 1981), p. 147
8. John Julius Norwich, Les Normands dans le Sud 1016-1130 (Londres: Solitaire Livres, 1981), p. 151
9. John Julius Norwich, Les Normands dans le Sud 1016-1130 (Londres: Solitaire Livres, 1981), p. 153
10. John Julius Norwich, Les Normands dans le Sud 1016-1130 (Londres: Solitaire Livres, 1981), p. 156
11. John Julius Norwich, Les Normands dans le Sud 1016-1130 (Londres: Solitaire Livres, 1981), p. 278
12. Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Bande II (Marburg, Allemagne: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 206."¹⁰

; Per Med Lands:
     "JUDITH d'Evreux (-1076). Orderic Vitalis names “Judith” who later married “Rogerii comitis Siciliæ” as the child of “Willermo Rodberti archiepiscopo filio” and his wife[703]. Orderic Vitalis records that “duæ sorores uterinæ Rodberti abbatis [Robert de Grantmesnil, ex-abbot of Ouche] Judith et Emma” had been left “apud Uticum in capella sancti Ebrulfi...sub sacro velamine”, that when they learnt that “Rodbertum fratrem suum” was established in Apulia with “secular power” (“sæculari potentia”) they left for Italy where they both married, Judith marrying “Rogerius Siciliæ comes” and Emma marrying “aliusque comes, cujus nomen no recolo”, dated to [1061/63][704]. Malaterra records the marriage "apud Sanctum Martinum" of "abbatum Sanctæ Euphemiæ Robertum…Judicta sorore sua" and Count Roger[705].
     "m (San Martino d'Agri Nov 1061) as his first wife, ROGER de Hauteville, son of TANCRED de Hauteville & his [second wife] [Fressenda] ([1031]-Mileto 22 Jun 1101, bur Mileto, Abbey of the Holy Trinity). His brother installed him as ROGER I Count of Sicily in 1072. "
Med Lands cites:

; per Racines et Histoire: "Judith d’Evreux ° ~1025 + 1076 (demi-soeur de Robert de Grantmesnil, Abbé de Saint-Evroul-sur-Ouche)
     ép. 1)11/1061 (San Martino d’Agri) Roger 1er «Guiscard» de Hauteville, comte de Sicile (1072) ° 1031/32 + 22/06 ou 07?/1101 (Mileto) (fils de Tancrède de Hauteville
et de Fressende, Bâtarde de Normandie.)¹¹"

     Thomas Pennington married Agnes de Longvilliers, daughter of Sir John de Longvilliers.¹

Thomas Pennington died in 1240.¹

     Urraca (?) de Castile was born between 1033 and 1034.¹
Urraca (?) de Castile died in 1101.¹

     Garcia Sanchez (?) Senor de Aybar married Teresa de Cajal, daughter of Fortun de Cajal.¹

     Teresa de Cajal married Garcia Sanchez (?) Senor de Aybar, son of Sancho Ramirez (?) seigneur de Aybar.¹

      ; dau.of Fortun de Cajal.¹

     Talesia Sanchez (?) married Gaston IV 'le Croisé' de Béarn Vcte de Béarn, son of Centulle V/I Gaston 'the Young' de Béarn vicomte de Béarn, d'Oloron et de Brulhois, comte de Bigorre (jure uxoris) and Gisla/Gisela (?).¹

     Gaston IV 'le Croisé' de Béarn Vcte de Béarn married Talesia Sanchez (?), daughter of Sancho Ramirez (?) seigneur de Aybar.¹

      ; See Wikipédia (Fr.) and Wikipedia for more information.^2,5 Gaston IV 'le Croisé' de Béarn Vcte de Béarn was Vicomte de Béarn between 1090 and 1131.

     Pedro Garcia (?) Senor de Atares died on 21 March 1151.¹