Person Page - 633

     Phillipa de Gévaudan married Guillaume V d'Auvergne Comte d'Auvergne et de Clermont, son of Robert I/III d'Auvergne Comte d'Auvergne and Ermengarde/Humberge (?) de Brioude, Countess of Auvergne, before 1030.^5,6,7,2

Phillipa de Gévaudan died between 1059 and 1066.²
      ; Per Med Lands:
     "GUILLAUME [V] (-after 23 May 1059). "Poncius…comes…Gabalitanensis telluris necnon et Forensis patriæ" donated "ecclesiam Langat…in comitatu Gabalitensi, aliam ecclesiam…Favairolas…" to Saint-Julien de Brioude, for the souls of "genitorum suorum Stephani et Alais et uxoris eius Theotbergæ et filiorum eius Stephani et Poncii vel fratrum eius Bertrandi et Willelmus et nepotum eius Stephani, Rotberti et Willelmi", by charter dated Feb [1010], signed by "Roberti vicecomitis, Willelmi fratris eius…"[170]. Comte d'Auvergne et de Clermont. "Wilelmus Arvernorum comes" donated property to the church at Auvergne, with the consent of "filii…mei Stephanus, Bego et Pontius…cum Philippia conjuge mea", by charter dated 1044[171]. "Willelmi comitis…et uxor sua Philipia et filii eorum Rotbertus et Willelmus et Pontius" donated property to Sauxillanges by undated charter[172]. "Willelmus, Arvenensis princeps" donated property to Sauxillanges, for the souls of "…filiis meis et uxore mea Phylippia", by undated charter subscribed by "Rotberti comitis, Willelmi comitis, Philippiæ matris eorum"[173].
     "m PHILIPPA, daughter of --- (-after [1059/66]). "Wilelmus Arvernorum comes" donated property to the church at Auvergne, with the consent of "filii…mei Stephanus, Bego et Pontius…cum Philippia conjuge mea", by charter dated 1044[174]. "Guilelmus…princeps Arvernorum" donated property to the abbey of Charroux with the consent of "coniugis meæ Philippiæ ac filiorum meorum Stephani, Rotberti, Guillelmi, Pontii" by charter dated [1047][175]. "Willelmi comitis…et uxor sua Philipia et filii eorum Rotbertus et Willelmus et Pontius" donated property to Sauxillanges by undated charter[176]. "Willelmus, Arvenensis princeps" donated property to Sauxillanges, for the souls of "…filiis meis et uxore mea Phylippia", by undated charter subscribed by "Rotberti comitis, Willelmi comitis, Philippiæ matris eorum"[177]. "Philippa" donated property to Sauxillanges, for the souls of "domni Wilelmi senioris mei ac filiorum meorum…Wilelmi, Pontii" and "pro Rotberto comite filio meo", by undated charter, subscribed by "Rotberti comitis…uxoris eius Judith"[178]."
Med Lands cites:

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag, Marburg, Schwennicke, Detlev (Ed.) 3:732.² EDV-28.

     Marie d'Auvergne married Angaris de Chateauneuf.²

     EDV-26 GKJ-26.

     Angaris de Chateauneuf married Marie d'Auvergne, daughter of Guillaume V d'Auvergne Comte d'Auvergne et de Clermont and Phillipa de Gévaudan.¹

Angaris de Chateauneuf died circa 1100.¹
     EDV-26 GKJ-26.

     Béliarde (?) was born between 1018 and 1020.² She married Archambaud IV ' Le Fort' de Bourbon seigneur de Bourbon, son of Archambaud III "le Jeune" de Bourbon Sire de Bourbon and Boerrud (?), before 1074.^3,4,5,6

     GAV-27 EDV-27.

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: XIV 56.⁴ Béliarde (?) was also known as Philippa (?) d’Auvergne.^7,2

; Per Racines et Histoire (Bourbon Ancien): “Archambaud IV «Le Fort» de Bourbon ° ~1020 + 16/07/1078 seigneur de Bourbon
     ép. 1048 Philippa d’Auvergne (Béliarde) ° ~1018/20 ”.²

; Per Med Lands:
     "ARCHAMBAUD [IV] "le Fort" de Bourbon ([1030]-22 Sep [1095]). "Erchenbudus, Borbonensium comes…et frater meus Albuinus et uxor mea Aurea et filius meus Herchenbaldus" donated "ecclesiam…Mons Cenobii…in honore sancti Ursini" to the church of Bourges by undated charter, signed by "Erchenbaudus comes, Haimo presul frater eius, Albuinus frater eius, Erchenbaldus filius eius, Aurea uxor eius…"[61]. Huillard-Bréholles dates this charter to [1048/49][62]. His birth date is estimated based on his father's estimated birth date. "Archinbaldus Burbunensis cognomina fortis filius Archinbaldi di Monticulo" donated property to Chapelle-Aude with the consent of "Archinbaldi filii mei" by charter dated 23 Jun 1077[63]. Seigneur de Bourbon. "Archimbaldus, illius Archimbaldi filius qui ecclesiam de Monticulo construxit, et filius Bderrud" donated "ecclesiam…Mons Cenobii…in honore sancti Ursini" to the church of Bourges, with the consent of "filiis suis…Archimbaldo et Petro de Blot et Aimone…Beliardis uxoris suæ…Amelii Cambo qui filiam ipsius Archimbaldi habebat…", by undated charter[64]. "Erchambaldus princeps Borbonensis et Petrus Primellus atque uxor illius Belsadis cum filiis suis Erchambaldusque de Ardenna Giraldusque frater eius atque soror eorum cum filiis suis Ingone et Erchambaldo" donated the church of Neuville to the chapter of Saint-Ursin de Bourges by undated charter dated to [1078/95], the signatory part of the document confirming precise family relationships in the donor's family by naming "Erchambaldus princeps uxorque eius Belardis filiique eorum Erchambaldus et Petrus et Hammo et Bernardus de Borbonio, Ebbo quoque filius eius, necnon et Ebbo Guiereia filiique eius"[65].
     "m BELIARDE, daughter of ---. "Archimbaldus, illius Archimbaldi filius qui ecclesiam de Monticulo construxit, et filius Bderrud" donated "ecclesiam…Mons Cenobii…in honore sancti Ursini" to the church of Bourges, with the consent of "…Beliardis uxoris suæ…", by undated charter[66]. "Erchambaldus princeps Borbonensis et Petrus Primellus atque uxor illius Belsadis…" donated the church of Neuville to the chapter of Saint-Ursin de Bourges by charter dated to [1078/95], the signatory part of the document confirming precise family relationships in the donor's family by naming "Erchambaldus princeps uxorque eius Belardis…"[67]."
Med Lands cites:

     Robert de Welles 8th Lord Willoughby de Eresby, 8th Lord Welles married Elizabeth Bourchier, daughter of Sir John Bourchier Knt., KG, 1st Lord Berners and Margery Berners.¹
Robert de Welles 8th Lord Willoughby de Eresby, 8th Lord Welles married Elizabeth Bourchier, daughter of Sir John Bourchier Knt., KG, 1st Lord Berners and Margery Berners.¹

Robert de Welles 8th Lord Willoughby de Eresby, 8th Lord Welles died on 19 March 1470; dsp, cmded a Lincs contingent of Lancastrians at defeat by Yorkists under EDWARD IV of Empingham ('Losecoat Field') 12 March 1469/70 and was beheaded 19 March following.²
      ; ROBERT de WELLES, 8th Lord (Baron) Willoughby de Eresby and 8th LORD (Baron) WELLES; cmded a Lincs contingent of Lancastrians at defeat by Yorkists under EDWARD IV of Empingham ('Losecoat Field') 12 March 1469/70 and was beheaded 19 March following; m Elizabeth, dau of 1st Lord (Baron) Berners (qv), and dsp.² He was 8th Lord (Baron) Willoughby de Eresby and 8th LORD (Baron) WELLES.² He was 8th Lord (Baron) Welles.² He was 8th Lord (Baron) Willoughby de Eresby.¹

     Matfroy (?) married an unknown person.

Matfroy (?) died circa 947.

     Eustorge (?) noble d'Auvergne married Arsinde (?) de Velay, daughter of Armand (?) vicomte de Velay and Bertilde (?) d'Antoing.¹
Eustorge (?) noble d'Auvergne was born circa 840.
Eustorge (?) noble d'Auvergne died circa 895.
     GAV-32 EDV-32 GKJ-32.

     Arsinde (?) de Velay married Eustorge (?) noble d'Auvergne.¹
Arsinde (?) de Velay was born circa 840.
     GAV-32.

     Guillaume IV d'Auvergne Comte d'Auvergne, vicomte de Clermont married Humberge (?)^7,1,2,3,9
Guillaume IV d'Auvergne Comte d'Auvergne, vicomte de Clermont was born circa 930.
Guillaume IV d'Auvergne Comte d'Auvergne, vicomte de Clermont died circa 1016; Bunot says d. 1003-1013; Genealogics says d. ca 1016; Med Lands says d. 1016.^1,7,2,3
     Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 732.⁷

; This is the same person as ”Guillaume IV d'Auvergne” at Wikipédia (FR).¹⁰ GAV-29 EDV-29 GKJ-29.

; Per Bunot: JBunot Jan 24, 2005, 3:14:22 PM
     "In his recent La Noblesse du Midi Carolingien,Christian Settipani has a slightly different version for the ancestry of Ermengarde d’Auvergne, comtesse of Blois. You will notice that Settipani proposes the existence of another new daughter of Guillaume le Pieux, comte d’Auvergne and duc d’Aquitaine, an Engelberge, married to Dalmatius, vicomte et abbe de Brioude. I am not summarizing his (rather convincing though circumstancial) argument in favor of this hypothesis because of its exceptional density and invite you simply to read it and make yourself an opinion. It is based (as usual) on onomastics and also the transmission of important properties in Auvergne. Jean Bunot.

; Per Med Lands:
     "GUILLAUME [IV] (-[1016]). The primary source which confirms the parentage of Comte Guillaume has not been identified. Baluze states that he was the brother of Comte Guy but cites no primary source on which this statement is based[159]. Comte d'Auvergne. He is named in charters of his wife quoted below.
     "m HUMBERGE, daughter of ---. "Umberga" donated property to Sauxillanges for the souls of "senioris mei Vuillelmi et…filiorum meorum tam vivis quam etiam defunctis" by undated charter, subscribed by “Hubergane...Stephani, Rotberti, Willelmi, Widoni...”[160]. "Umberga" donated property "in comitatu Arvernico in Brivatensi…ecclesiam…Luciag" to Saint-Julien de Brioude by charter dated to [988/1031], signed by "Stephanus episcopus, Robertus vicecomes, Willelmus…"[161]. "Domni Stephani episcopi, domni Rotberti, domni Vuillelmi, Umbergane comitisse matris eorum" signed the undated charter under which property was donated to Sauxillanges[162]. There is doubt about Humberge's parentage, but she may have been HUMBERGE, daughter of ETIENNE de Brioude & his second wife Adelais [Blanche] d’Anjou, a hypothesis which appears to provide a good solution to various chronological difficulties posed by references in different primary sources. The Flandria Generosa names "Ermengardis comitissa Arvenensis" as sister of "Constantia regina Francorum", when outlining the basis for the consanguinity between their great-great-grandchildren, Baudouin VII Count of Flanders and [Hawise] de Bretagne, which provided the grounds for the couple's separation[163]. It has been assumed in many secondary sources[164] that this passage means that "Ermengarde" was the full sister of Queen Constance (who was the third wife of Robert II King of France) and therefore that she was the daughter of Guillaume [II] Comte de Provence by his second marriage to Adelais d'Anjou. However, this is chronologically impossible. The marriage of "Ermengarde's" daughter, also named Ermengarde, to Eudes II Comte de Blois, is dated to 1005 according to the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois Fontaines[165]. Even if this date is inaccurate, the estimated birth date of Ermengarde junior's eldest son is [1010], and the marriage of her daughter is dated to 1018 (although the chronology suggests that this may have been an infant betrothal or marriage). Assuming that there is a degree of accuracy in these three dates, the daughter of "Ermengarde" Ctss d'Auvergne could not have been born later than [995] at the latest. This places the birth of "Ermengarde" senior to [980] at the very latest, about five years before Adelais's marriage to Guillaume Comte de Provence. Given that Adelais's third marriage to Louis V King of the West Franks was childless, and her second marriage to Raymond IV Comte de Toulouse was brief, it is therefore most likely that "Ermengarde" was Adelais's daughter by her first marriage to Etienne de Brioude. Some corroboration for this hypothesis is found in the charter dated 1011 under which "Poncius comes Gabalitanensis" (who was the son of Adelais d'Anjou by her marriage to Etienne de Brioude) donated property to Saint-Julien de Brioude, for the souls of "genitorum suorum Stephani et Alais et uxoris eius Theotbergæ et filiorum eius Stephani et Poncii vel fratrum eius Bertrandi et Willelmus et nepotum eius Stephani, Rotberti et Willelmi", by charter dated Feb [1010], signed by "Roberti vicecomitis, Willelmi fratris eius…"[166]. In this scenario, Etienne, Robert and Guillaume would be the sons of Pons's full sister "Ermengarde" Ctss d'Auvergne. However, this raises yet more difficulties. The secondary sources also assume that "Ermengarde's" husband was Robert [I] Comte d'Auvergne. However, the only known son of Comte Robert [I] was Guillaume [V] Comte d'Auvergne. Assuming that the "nepotes" of Comte Pons are named in order of seniority in the 1011 charter, "Vuillelmi" would have been the youngest brother. No other reference has been to found to his assumed older brothers Etienne and Robert. In any case, it is unlikely that Guillaume [V] Comte d'Auvergne would have been born much before [995/1000] for consistency with the dates of his marriage and his death. If this is correct, it would raise doubts about the use of the title "vicecomes" in the 1011 charter, as their father would still have been at the height of his power. All these difficulties would be solved if the "nepotes" of Comte Pons were in fact the three known sons of Guillaume [IV] Comte d'Auvergne, not of Robert [I] Comte d'Auvergne. If this is correct, "Ermengarde" would in fact have been "Humberge", who, as shown above, is named in other primary sources as the wife of Comte Guillaume."
Med Lands cites: Guillaume IV d'Auvergne Comte d'Auvergne, vicomte de Clermont and Humberge (?) lived at an unknown place ; Per Med Lands:
     "[HUMBERGE [Ermengarde] ([970/75]-). "Umberga" donated property to Sauxillanges for the souls of "senioris mei Vuillelmi et…filiorum meorum tam vivis quam etiam defunctis" by charter dated to [1000/10][65]. "Domni Stephani episcopi, domni Rotberti, domni Vuillelmi, Umbergane comitisse matris eorum" signed a charter dated to [1013/21] under which property was donated to Sauxillanges[66]. There is doubt about Humberge's parentage but the hypothesis shown here appears to provide the best solution to various chronological difficulties. The Flandria Generosa names "Ermengardis comitissa Arvenensis" as sister of "Constantia regina Francorum", when outlining the basis for the consanguinity between their great-great-grandchildren, Baudouin VII Count of Flanders and [Hawise] de Bretagne, which provided the grounds for the couple's separation[67]. It has been assumed in many secondary sources[68] that this passage means that "Ermengarde" was the full sister of Queen Constance (who was the third wife of Robert II King of France) and therefore that she was the daughter of Guillaume [II] Comte de Provence by his second marriage to Adelais d'Anjou. However, this is chronologically impossible. The marriage of "Ermengarde's" daughter, also named Ermengarde, to Eudes II Comte de Blois, is dated to 1005 according to the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois Fontaines[69]. Even if this date is inaccurate, the estimated birth date of Ermengarde junior's eldest son is [1010], and the marriage of her daughter is dated to 1018 (although the chronology suggests that this may have been an infant betrothal or marriage). Assuming that there is a degree of accuracy in these three dates, the daughter of "Ermengarde" Ctss d'Auvergne could not have been born later than [995] at the latest. This places the birth of "Ermengarde" senior to [980] at the very latest, about five years before Adelais's marriage to Guillaume Comte de Provence. Given that Adelais's third marriage to Louis V King of the West Franks was childless, and her second marriage to Raymond IV Comte de Toulouse was brief, it is therefore most likely that "Ermengarde" was Adelais's daughter by her first marriage to Etienne de Brioude. Some corroboration for this hypothesis is found in the charter dated 1011 under which "Poncius comes Gabalitanensis" (who was the son of Adelais d'Anjou by her marriage to Etienne de Brioude) donated property to Saint-Julien de Brioude, for the souls of "genitorum suorum Stephani et Alais et uxoris eius Theotbergæ et filiorum eius Stephani et Poncii vel fratrum eius Bertrandi et Willelmus et nepotum eius Stephani, Rotberti et Willelmi", by charter dated Feb [1010], signed by "Roberti vicecomitis, Willelmi fratris eius…"[70]. In this scenario, Etienne, Robert and Guillaume would be the sons of Pons's full sister "Ermengarde" Ctss d'Auvergne. However, this raises yet more difficulties. The secondary sources also assume that "Ermengarde's" husband was Robert [I] Comte d'Auvergne. However, the only known son of Comte Robert [I] was Guillaume [V] Comte d'Auvergne. Assuming that the "nepotes" of Comte Pons are named in order of seniority in the 1011 charter, "Vuillelmi" would have been the youngest brother. No other reference has been to found to his assumed older brothers Etienne and Robert. In any case, it is unlikely that Guillaume [V] Comte d'Auvergne would have been born much before [995/1000] for consistency with the dates of his marriage and his death. If this is correct, it would raise doubts about the use of the title "vicecomes" in the 1011 charter, as their father would still have been at the height of his power. All these difficulties would be solved if the "nepotes" of Comte Pons were in fact the three known sons of Guillaume [IV] Comte d'Auvergne, not of Robert [I] Comte d'Auvergne. If this is correct, "Ermengarde" would in fact have been "Humberge", who, as shown above, is named in other primary sources as the wife of Comte Guillaume.
     "m GUILLAUME [IV] Comte d'Auvergne, son of --- (-[1016])."
Med Lands cites: Guillaume IV d'Auvergne Comte d'Auvergne, vicomte de Clermont was Comte d'Auvergne between 989 and 1016.^6,10

     Humberge (?) married Guillaume IV d'Auvergne Comte d'Auvergne, vicomte de Clermont, son of Robert II (?) Vicomte d'Auvergne; vicomte de Clermont and Engleberge (?) de Brioude, Dame de Beaumont.^2,3,4,5,6
Humberge (?) was born circa 930.
Humberge (?) died in 1016.⁷
      ; Per Bunot: JBunot Jan 24, 2005, 3:14:22 PM
     "In his recent La Noblesse du Midi Carolingien,Christian Settipani has a slightly different version for the ancestry of Ermengarde d’Auvergne, comtesse of Blois. You will notice that Settipani proposes the existence of another new daughter of Guillaume le Pieux, comte d’Auvergne and duc d’Aquitaine, an Engelberge, married to Dalmatius, vicomte et abbe de Brioude. I am not summarizing his (rather convincing though circumstancial) argument in favor of this hypothesis because of its exceptional density and invite you simply to read it and make yourself an opinion. It is based (as usual) on onomastics and also the transmission of important properties in Auvergne. Jean Bunot.

; Per Med Lands:
     "GUILLAUME [IV] (-[1016]). The primary source which confirms the parentage of Comte Guillaume has not been identified. Baluze states that he was the brother of Comte Guy but cites no primary source on which this statement is based[159]. Comte d'Auvergne. He is named in charters of his wife quoted below.
     "m HUMBERGE, daughter of ---. "Umberga" donated property to Sauxillanges for the souls of "senioris mei Vuillelmi et…filiorum meorum tam vivis quam etiam defunctis" by undated charter, subscribed by “Hubergane...Stephani, Rotberti, Willelmi, Widoni...”[160]. "Umberga" donated property "in comitatu Arvernico in Brivatensi…ecclesiam…Luciag" to Saint-Julien de Brioude by charter dated to [988/1031], signed by "Stephanus episcopus, Robertus vicecomes, Willelmus…"[161]. "Domni Stephani episcopi, domni Rotberti, domni Vuillelmi, Umbergane comitisse matris eorum" signed the undated charter under which property was donated to Sauxillanges[162]. There is doubt about Humberge's parentage, but she may have been HUMBERGE, daughter of ETIENNE de Brioude & his second wife Adelais [Blanche] d’Anjou, a hypothesis which appears to provide a good solution to various chronological difficulties posed by references in different primary sources. The Flandria Generosa names "Ermengardis comitissa Arvenensis" as sister of "Constantia regina Francorum", when outlining the basis for the consanguinity between their great-great-grandchildren, Baudouin VII Count of Flanders and [Hawise] de Bretagne, which provided the grounds for the couple's separation[163]. It has been assumed in many secondary sources[164] that this passage means that "Ermengarde" was the full sister of Queen Constance (who was the third wife of Robert II King of France) and therefore that she was the daughter of Guillaume [II] Comte de Provence by his second marriage to Adelais d'Anjou. However, this is chronologically impossible. The marriage of "Ermengarde's" daughter, also named Ermengarde, to Eudes II Comte de Blois, is dated to 1005 according to the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois Fontaines[165]. Even if this date is inaccurate, the estimated birth date of Ermengarde junior's eldest son is [1010], and the marriage of her daughter is dated to 1018 (although the chronology suggests that this may have been an infant betrothal or marriage). Assuming that there is a degree of accuracy in these three dates, the daughter of "Ermengarde" Ctss d'Auvergne could not have been born later than [995] at the latest. This places the birth of "Ermengarde" senior to [980] at the very latest, about five years before Adelais's marriage to Guillaume Comte de Provence. Given that Adelais's third marriage to Louis V King of the West Franks was childless, and her second marriage to Raymond IV Comte de Toulouse was brief, it is therefore most likely that "Ermengarde" was Adelais's daughter by her first marriage to Etienne de Brioude. Some corroboration for this hypothesis is found in the charter dated 1011 under which "Poncius comes Gabalitanensis" (who was the son of Adelais d'Anjou by her marriage to Etienne de Brioude) donated property to Saint-Julien de Brioude, for the souls of "genitorum suorum Stephani et Alais et uxoris eius Theotbergæ et filiorum eius Stephani et Poncii vel fratrum eius Bertrandi et Willelmus et nepotum eius Stephani, Rotberti et Willelmi", by charter dated Feb [1010], signed by "Roberti vicecomitis, Willelmi fratris eius…"[166]. In this scenario, Etienne, Robert and Guillaume would be the sons of Pons's full sister "Ermengarde" Ctss d'Auvergne. However, this raises yet more difficulties. The secondary sources also assume that "Ermengarde's" husband was Robert [I] Comte d'Auvergne. However, the only known son of Comte Robert [I] was Guillaume [V] Comte d'Auvergne. Assuming that the "nepotes" of Comte Pons are named in order of seniority in the 1011 charter, "Vuillelmi" would have been the youngest brother. No other reference has been to found to his assumed older brothers Etienne and Robert. In any case, it is unlikely that Guillaume [V] Comte d'Auvergne would have been born much before [995/1000] for consistency with the dates of his marriage and his death. If this is correct, it would raise doubts about the use of the title "vicecomes" in the 1011 charter, as their father would still have been at the height of his power. All these difficulties would be solved if the "nepotes" of Comte Pons were in fact the three known sons of Guillaume [IV] Comte d'Auvergne, not of Robert [I] Comte d'Auvergne. If this is correct, "Ermengarde" would in fact have been "Humberge", who, as shown above, is named in other primary sources as the wife of Comte Guillaume."
Med Lands cites: Humberge (?) was also known as Umberga (?)⁶

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag, Marburg, Schwennicke, Detlev (Ed.) 3:732.⁶ GAV-29 EDV-29 GKJ-29. Humberge (?) and Guillaume IV d'Auvergne Comte d'Auvergne, vicomte de Clermont lived at an unknown place ; Per Med Lands:
     "[HUMBERGE [Ermengarde] ([970/75]-). "Umberga" donated property to Sauxillanges for the souls of "senioris mei Vuillelmi et…filiorum meorum tam vivis quam etiam defunctis" by charter dated to [1000/10][65]. "Domni Stephani episcopi, domni Rotberti, domni Vuillelmi, Umbergane comitisse matris eorum" signed a charter dated to [1013/21] under which property was donated to Sauxillanges[66]. There is doubt about Humberge's parentage but the hypothesis shown here appears to provide the best solution to various chronological difficulties. The Flandria Generosa names "Ermengardis comitissa Arvenensis" as sister of "Constantia regina Francorum", when outlining the basis for the consanguinity between their great-great-grandchildren, Baudouin VII Count of Flanders and [Hawise] de Bretagne, which provided the grounds for the couple's separation[67]. It has been assumed in many secondary sources[68] that this passage means that "Ermengarde" was the full sister of Queen Constance (who was the third wife of Robert II King of France) and therefore that she was the daughter of Guillaume [II] Comte de Provence by his second marriage to Adelais d'Anjou. However, this is chronologically impossible. The marriage of "Ermengarde's" daughter, also named Ermengarde, to Eudes II Comte de Blois, is dated to 1005 according to the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois Fontaines[69]. Even if this date is inaccurate, the estimated birth date of Ermengarde junior's eldest son is [1010], and the marriage of her daughter is dated to 1018 (although the chronology suggests that this may have been an infant betrothal or marriage). Assuming that there is a degree of accuracy in these three dates, the daughter of "Ermengarde" Ctss d'Auvergne could not have been born later than [995] at the latest. This places the birth of "Ermengarde" senior to [980] at the very latest, about five years before Adelais's marriage to Guillaume Comte de Provence. Given that Adelais's third marriage to Louis V King of the West Franks was childless, and her second marriage to Raymond IV Comte de Toulouse was brief, it is therefore most likely that "Ermengarde" was Adelais's daughter by her first marriage to Etienne de Brioude. Some corroboration for this hypothesis is found in the charter dated 1011 under which "Poncius comes Gabalitanensis" (who was the son of Adelais d'Anjou by her marriage to Etienne de Brioude) donated property to Saint-Julien de Brioude, for the souls of "genitorum suorum Stephani et Alais et uxoris eius Theotbergæ et filiorum eius Stephani et Poncii vel fratrum eius Bertrandi et Willelmus et nepotum eius Stephani, Rotberti et Willelmi", by charter dated Feb [1010], signed by "Roberti vicecomitis, Willelmi fratris eius…"[70]. In this scenario, Etienne, Robert and Guillaume would be the sons of Pons's full sister "Ermengarde" Ctss d'Auvergne. However, this raises yet more difficulties. The secondary sources also assume that "Ermengarde's" husband was Robert [I] Comte d'Auvergne. However, the only known son of Comte Robert [I] was Guillaume [V] Comte d'Auvergne. Assuming that the "nepotes" of Comte Pons are named in order of seniority in the 1011 charter, "Vuillelmi" would have been the youngest brother. No other reference has been to found to his assumed older brothers Etienne and Robert. In any case, it is unlikely that Guillaume [V] Comte d'Auvergne would have been born much before [995/1000] for consistency with the dates of his marriage and his death. If this is correct, it would raise doubts about the use of the title "vicecomes" in the 1011 charter, as their father would still have been at the height of his power. All these difficulties would be solved if the "nepotes" of Comte Pons were in fact the three known sons of Guillaume [IV] Comte d'Auvergne, not of Robert [I] Comte d'Auvergne. If this is correct, "Ermengarde" would in fact have been "Humberge", who, as shown above, is named in other primary sources as the wife of Comte Guillaume.
     "m GUILLAUME [IV] Comte d'Auvergne, son of --- (-[1016])."
Med Lands cites:

     Robert II (?) Vicomte d'Auvergne; vicomte de Clermont married Engleberge (?) de Brioude, Dame de Beaumont, daughter of Dalmatius I (?) vicomte-abbé de Brioude and Engelberge (?) (d'Auvergne?).^1,2
Robert II (?) Vicomte d'Auvergne; vicomte de Clermont was born circa 900.
Robert II (?) Vicomte d'Auvergne; vicomte de Clermont died between 962 and 974.²
     GAV-30 EDV-30 GKJ-30.

; Leo van de Pas cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 732.¹ He was living in 936.¹ He was vicomte de Clermont in 962.²

     Engleberge (?) de Brioude, Dame de Beaumont married Robert II (?) Vicomte d'Auvergne; vicomte de Clermont, son of Robert I (?) Vicomte d'Auvergne; vicomte de Clermont and Adalgarde/Aldearde (?).^2,1
Engleberge (?) de Brioude, Dame de Beaumont was born circa 900.
Engleberge (?) de Brioude, Dame de Beaumont died after 962.¹
     GAV-30 EDV-30 GKJ-30.

     Robert I (?) Vicomte d'Auvergne; vicomte de Clermont married Adalgarde/Aldearde (?), daughter of Hubert (?) noble d'Auvergne and Ermengarde (?).²
Robert I (?) Vicomte d'Auvergne; vicomte de Clermont was born circa 870.
Robert I (?) Vicomte d'Auvergne; vicomte de Clermont died in 940.
     GAV-31 EDV-31 GKJ-31.

; Leo van de Pas cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 732.¹ He was vicomte de Clermont between 915 and 962.² He was living in 922.¹

     Adalgarde/Aldearde (?) married Robert I (?) Vicomte d'Auvergne; vicomte de Clermont, son of Eustorge (?) noble d'Auvergne and Arsinde (?) de Velay.¹
Adalgarde/Aldearde (?) was born circa 870.
     GAV-31 EDV-31 GKJ-31.

     Béraud I 'Le Grande' de Mercoeur Seigneur de Mercoeur married Gerberge de Vienne, daughter of Hugues (?) Cte d'Arles et de Vienne, Margrave of Provence, King of Italy.²

Béraud I 'Le Grande' de Mercoeur Seigneur de Mercoeur died in 987.¹
      ; Per Racines et Histoire (Mercoeur): “Béraud 1er «Le Grand» ou «L’Aîné» de Mercoeur + 987 seigneur de Mercoeur (cité dans une charte à Cluny du 14/09/1025 ; et dans une autre en faveur de Saint-Julien de Brioude, datée de février, entre 955 et 986)
ép. Gerberge (de Vienne ?) + après 990 (religieuse à Autun) (dans ce cas, parente d’Hugues, Roi d’Italie, & descendante du Roi Lothaire)”.¹

     Gerberge de Vienne married Béraud I 'Le Grande' de Mercoeur Seigneur de Mercoeur, son of Ithier II (?) Seigneur de Mercoeur and Arsinde (?).¹
Gerberge de Vienne was born circa 900.
      ; Per Racines et Histoire (Mercoeur): “Béraud 1er «Le Grand» ou «L’Aîné» de Mercoeur + 987 seigneur de Mercoeur (cité dans une charte à Cluny du 14/09/1025 ; et dans une autre en faveur de Saint-Julien de Brioude, datée de février, entre 955 et 986)
ép. Gerberge (de Vienne ?) + après 990 (religieuse à Autun) (dans ce cas, parente d’Hugues, Roi d’Italie, & descendante du Roi Lothaire)”.²

     Ithier II (?) Seigneur de Mercoeur married Arsinde (?)
Ithier II (?) Seigneur de Mercoeur was born circa 835.
Ithier II (?) Seigneur de Mercoeur died circa 875.

     Arsinde (?) married Ithier II (?) Seigneur de Mercoeur, son of Ithier I (?) Seigneur de Mercoeur.
Arsinde (?) was born circa 835.

     Ithier I (?) Seigneur de Mercoeur was born circa 816.

     Ermengarde (?) de Melgueil married Bernard Guillaume IV de Montpellier Seigneur de Montpellier, son of Guilhem II de Montpellier Seigneur de Montpellier and Beliarde (?),
; her 1st husband.^5,1,6 Ermengarde (?) de Melgueil married Raymond I d'Anduze Sire d'Anduze, de Barre, et de Peyremale
; her 2nd husband.^7,1
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 445; XIV 35.¹

; Per Med Lands:
     "BERNARD GUILLAUME [IV] de Montpellier (-[1085]). 1058/1068.
     "m as her first husband, ERMENGARDE, daughter of (-[1109]). Her son by her first marriage is named "Guillelmus filius Ermengardæ dominus Montispessulani" in a charter dated 1093[758]. The primary source which confirms her family origin has not been identified. She is often stated to be Ermengarde de Melgueil, daughter of Raymond [I] Comte de Melgueil & his wife Beatrix [de Poitou]. The documentation on which this is based has not been identified and it seems unlikely to be correct considering that her son Guillaume [V] Seigneur de Montpellier would have been betrothed to his first cousin for which a Papal dispensation would be unlikely to be granted at that time. She married secondly --- [d'Anduze]. This person’s possible identity is discussed in the document TOULOUSE - NORTHERN & EASTERN. The marriage is confirmed by the testament dated 1114 made “pergens contra paganos ad expugnandam Majoricam insulam”, by her son “Guillelmus Montipessulani” which bequeathed “castellum d’Omelas” to “Bernardo de Andusia fratri meo et infantibus suis”[759]. Europäische Stammtafeln interprets this strangely as meaning that Bernard was the son of Bernard Guillaume [IV][760]."
Med Lands cites:

     Raymond I de Melgueil Comte de Melgueil married Beatrix (?) de Poitou/d'Aquitaine, daughter of Guillaume III (V) "le Grand" (?) Duke of Aquitaine, Comte de Poitou and Agnès (?) de Bourgogne, Princess of Lombardy, before 1055.^6,1,7,4

Raymond I de Melgueil Comte de Melgueil died before 1079.^1,4
     EDV-28.

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 445.⁸

; Per Med Lands:
     "RAYMOND [I] de Melgueil, son of BERNARD [III] Comte de Melgueil & his wife Adela [Sala] --- (-before 1079). Comte de Melgueil. "Adella comitissa et filius meus Raimundus et uxor eius Beatrix" donated property to the church of Maguelone by charter dated 24 Dec 1055[475].
     "m (before 1055) BEATRIX, daughter of --- (-[1109]). "Adella comitissa et filius meus Raimundus et uxor eius Beatrix" donated property to the church of Maguelone by charter dated 1055[476]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[477]., she was Beatrix de Poitou, daughter of GUILLAUME V "le Grand" Duke of Aquitaine [GUILLAUME III Comte de Poitou] & his third wife Agnes de Macon. She is not named among the children of Duke Guillaume V by Richard[478]. If she was the daughter of Duke Guillaume, it seems surprising that she was married to a relatively obscure local nobleman, especially in light of the high profile marriage of her supposed sister Agnes with the King of Germany. "Petrus comes…filius Raymundo comite, genetrice…mea Beatrice" donated property to the church of Maguelone by charter dated 23 Jul 1079, signed by "uxore sua Adalmudis"[479].
     "Comte Raymond [I] & his wife had [three] children."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Med Lands:
     "[BEATRIX de Poitou (-[1109]). Beatrix is named as one of the children of Duke Guillaume V & his third wife in Europäische Stammtafeln[500] but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been found. She is not named among the children of Duke Guillaume V by Richard[501]. If she was the daughter of Duke Guillaume, it seems surprising that she was married to a relatively obscure local nobleman, especially in light of the high profile marriage of her supposed sister Agnes.
     "m RAYMOND de Melgueil, son of BERNARD [III] Comte de Melgueil & his wife Adela --- (-before 1079).]"
Med Lands cites:

     Beatrix (?) von Andechs-Meranien married Hermann II (?) Graf von Orlamunde, son of Siegfried III (?) Graf von Orlamünde and Sophie (?) of Denmark.^6,1,2,3
Beatrix (?) von Andechs-Meranien was born in 1210.^1,2
Beatrix (?) von Andechs-Meranien died on 9 February 1270.^1,2
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: Nachkommen Gorms des Alten 1978. , S. Otto Brenner, Reference: 188.¹

     Pierre de Melgueil Comte de Melgueil married Almodis de Toulouse, daughter of Pons II Guillaume (?) comte de Toulouse, Albi & Dijon and Almodis de La Marche, in 1065.^7,1,2,3,8

Pierre de Melgueil Comte de Melgueil died after 27 April 1085.³
     Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: 3:444,445.⁹ EDV-27.

; Per Med Lands:
     "PIERRE de Melgueil (-after 27 Apr 1085). Comte de Melgueil. "Petrus comes…filius Raymundo comite, genetrice…mea Beatrice" donated property to the church of Maguelone by charter dated 23 Jul 1079, signed by "uxore sua Adalmudis"[480]. A charter dated to [1080] records an agreement between "Petrus comes" and "Guillelmo de Montepessulano et…Guillelmo-Aimono et…infantibus suis" to settle disputes and includes the betrothal of "filiam suam" and "Guillelmum suprascriptum"[481]. "Comes Petrus et uxor sua Almodis" restored rights over "Castellum novum et…taverna de Sustancione" to the church of Maguelone by charter dated to [1183][482]. "Petrus Substantionis comes filius Beatricis et uxor mea Almodis" donated property to the church of Maguelone by charter dated Jan 1083[483]. "Petrus…comes Melguoriensis…cum uxore mea Almodis et filiis meis" donated property to the monastery of Saint-Pons de Thomières by charter dated 26 Feb 1083[484]. "Petrus comes Melgoriensis" donated "comitatum Substantionem Quam episcopatum Magalonensem" to Pope Gregory VII, who regranted him the counties for life, by charter dated 27 Apr 1085, subscribed by "Adalmodis comitissa, Raymundus comes filius eius"[485].
     "m ([1065]) ALMODIS de Toulouse, daughter of PONS Comte de Toulouse & his second wife Almodis de la Marche (-after 1132). "Petrus comes…filius Raymundo comite, genetrice…mea Beatrice" donated property to the church of Maguelone by charter dated 23 Jul 1079, signed by "uxore sua Adalmudis"[486]. "Petrus Substantionis comes filius Beatricis et uxor mea Almodis" donated property to the church of Maguelone by charter dated Jan 1083[487]. "Petrus…comes Melguoriensis…cum uxore mea Almodis et filiis meis" donated property to the monastery of Saint-Pons de Thomières by charter dated 26 Feb 1083[488]. "Petrus comes Melgoriensis" donated "comitatum Substantionem Quam episcopatum Magalonensem" to Pope Gregory VII, who regranted him the counties for life, by charter dated 27 Apr 1085, subscribed by "Adalmodis comitissa, Raymundus comes filius eius"[489]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. The testament of “Bernardus comes Melgorii” dated 1132 was made in the presence of “…comitissa avia mea…”[490], although this could possibly refer to the testator´s maternal grandmother who has not otherwise been identified."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Med Lands:
     "ALMODIS de Toulouse (-[after 1132]). The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. "Petrus comes…filius Raymundo comite, genetrice…mea Beatrice" donated property to the church of Maguelonne by charter dated 23 Jul 1079, signed by "uxore sua Adalmudis"[430]. "Petrus Substantionis comes filius Beatricis et uxor mea Almodis" donated property to the church of Maguelonne by charter dated Jan 1083[431]. "Petrus…comes Melguoriensis…cum uxore mea Almodis et filiis meis" donated property to the monastery of Saint-Pons de Thomières by charter dated 26 Feb 1083[432]. "Petrus comes Melgoriensis" donated "comitatum Substantionem Quam episcopatum Magalonensem" to Pope Gregory VII, who regranted him the counties for life, by charter dated 27 Apr 1085, subscribed by "Adalmodis comitissa, Raymundus comes filius eius"[433]. The testament of “Bernardus comes Melgorii” dated 1132 was made in the presence of “…comitissa avia mea…”[434], although this could possibly refer to the testator´s maternal grandmother who has not otherwise been identified.
     "m ([1065]) PIERRE Comte de Melgueil, son of RAYMOND [I] Comte de Melgueil & his wife Beatrix [de Poitou] (-after 1085)."
Med Lands cites:

     Bernard III de Melgueil Comte de Melgueil married Adele (?) Comtesse de Substantion circa 989.^5,1,4

Bernard III de Melgueil Comte de Melgueil died before 1048; Genealogics says d. bef 1055; Med Lands says d. bef 1048.^1,4
     Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 444.² EDV-29.

; Per Med Lands:
     "BERNARD [III] (-before 1048). "Senegundis comitissa et filius meus Petrus episcopus et nepos meus Bernardus comes et alius nepos meus Petrus et nepotes meae Adalais, et Constancia et Willelma" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Guillem under her testament dated 20 Feb [989][460]. He succeeded as Comte de Melgueil in 989 or before. "Bernardus comes" donated the church of Sainte-Croix de Melgueil to the monastery of Cluse by charter dated 27 Jul 1010[461].
     "m ADELA [Sala], daughter of ---. Ctss de Substantion 23 Dec 1066. "Adella comitissa et filius meus Raimundus et uxor eius Beatrix" donated property to the church of Maguelone by charter dated 24 Dec 1055[462]."
Med Lands cites:

     Adele (?) Comtesse de Substantion married Bernard III de Melgueil Comte de Melgueil, son of NN (?) Comte de Melgueil, circa 989.^1,3,2

      ; Per Med Lands:
     "BERNARD [III] (-before 1048). "Senegundis comitissa et filius meus Petrus episcopus et nepos meus Bernardus comes et alius nepos meus Petrus et nepotes meae Adalais, et Constancia et Willelma" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Guillem under her testament dated 20 Feb [989][460]. He succeeded as Comte de Melgueil in 989 or before. "Bernardus comes" donated the church of Sainte-Croix de Melgueil to the monastery of Cluse by charter dated 27 Jul 1010[461].
     "m ADELA [Sala], daughter of ---. Ctss de Substantion 23 Dec 1066. "Adella comitissa et filius meus Raimundus et uxor eius Beatrix" donated property to the church of Maguelone by charter dated 24 Dec 1055[462]."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Med Lands:
     "m ADELA [Sala], daughter of ---. Ctss de Substantion 23 Dec 1066. "Adella comitissa et filius meus Raimundus et uxor eius Beatrix" donated property to the church of Maguelone by charter dated 24 Dec 1055[462]."
Med Lands cites:

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 444.⁴

     NN (?) Comte de Melgueil died before 20 February 989.⁵
     Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 444.¹

; Per Med Lands:
     "son (-[26 Nov 985/20 Feb 989]). His existence, and death before his mother, is confirmed by the testament dated 20 Feb [989] under which "Senegundis comitissa et filius meus Petrus episcopus et nepos meus Bernardus comes et alius nepos meus Petrus et nepotes meae Adalais, Constancia et Willelma" donated property[458]. It is not known whether he also predeceased his father, in which case the succession to Melgueil would have passed directly to his son. Settipani suggests that his name may have been Bérenger[459].
     "m ---. The name of his wife is not known.
     "--- de Melgueil & his wife had five children:
a) BERNARD [III] (-before 1048).
b) PIERRE .
c) ADELAIS .
d) CONSTANCE .
e) GUILLEMETTE ."
Med Lands cites: EDV-29.

     Bernard II de Melgueil Comte de Melgueil married Senegonde (?)^6,1,4

Bernard II de Melgueil Comte de Melgueil died before 989; Jean Bunot says d. 980/989; Med Lands says d. bef 989.^7,4,8
     Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 444.⁸

; Per Med Lands:
     "BERNARD [II] de Melgueil, son of BERENGER [I] Comte de Melgeuil & his wife Guisle --- (-before 989). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Comte de Melgueil. "Bernardus comes et uxor mea Senegundis" donated property "in civitatis Magalonensis in suburbia castri Substantionensis in terminio de villa Candianicus…et in terminio de Monte-Pestellario" to "Guillelmo" by charter dated 26 Nov 985[454].
     "m SENEGONDE, daughter of ---. "Bernardus comes et uxor mea Senegundis" donated property "in civitatis Magalonensis in suburbia castri Substantionensis in terminio de villa Candianicus…et in terminio de Monte-Pestellario" to "Guillelmo" by charter dated 26 Nov 985[455]. Settipani suggests that her name suggests a close relationship with the family of Rouergue[456]. "Senegundis comitissa et filius meus Petrus episcopus et nepos meus Bernardus comes et alius nepos meus Petrus et nepotes meae Adalais, et Constancia et Willelma" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Guillem under her testament dated 20 Feb [989][457]."
Med Lands cites: GAV-29.

     Senegonde (?) married Bernard II de Melgueil Comte de Melgueil, son of Berenger I de Melgueil Comte de Melgueil and Gisele/Guisle (?).^1,2,3

Senegonde (?) died in 989.¹
     Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 444.⁴ GAV-30.

     Berenger I de Melgueil Comte de Melgueil married Gisele/Guisle (?)^4,1,2

Berenger I de Melgueil Comte de Melgueil died between 947 and 980.²
     Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 444.⁵

; Per Med Lands:
     "BERENGER [I] (-[947/80]). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Comte de Melgueil.
     "m GUISLE, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified."² GAV-31.

     Gisele/Guisle (?) married Berenger I de Melgueil Comte de Melgueil, son of Bernard I de Melgueil Comte de Melgueil et de Substantion.^1,3,2

     GAV-31. Gisele/Guisle (?) was also known as Guisle.¹