Person Page - 775

     Margaret Erskine married Sir Robert Douglas of Lochleven, son of Thomas Douglas and Elizabeth Boyd, circa July 1527
; contract 11 July 1527.³
Margaret Erskine died on 5 May 1572.³

     Sybille de Hauteville married Ebles II de Montdidier Comte de Roucy, son of Hildouin IV de Montdidier comte de Montdidier, seigneur de Ramerupt, d’Arcis et de Breteuil, comte de Roucy and Adele (Adelix) de Roucy, between June 1078 and June 1080
; Genealogy.EU, Genealogics and Med Lands say m. bef 1082.^{1,2,3,10,11,4,5}
Sybille de Hauteville died circa 1090.¹²
      ; Per Stasser email: "Sa soeur cadette Sibillia, quant à elle, épousa Ebles de Roucy (Will. APUL. IV, 11-15 : Šaltera nubsit egregio comiti Francorum stemmate claro Ebalus hic dictus subcombere nescius hosti belligeras acies ad proelia ducere doctusŠ. Alex. I, 12, 11. Le nom de l¹épouse d¹Ebles de Roucy est donné par une charte de 1082 par laquelle Ebles de Roucy, son frère André comte de Ramerupt et leur cousin Hugues de Dammartin, avec leurs épouses Sibillia, Adelaïde et Roaïda, donnèrent à l¹abbaye de Marmoutier le prieuré de la Celle sur Morin (du PLESSIS, t 2, PJ
n° 17 et 18). Ebles de Roucy était le fils d¹Hilduin III, comte de Ramerupt, et d¹Adélaïde de Roucy (Gen. Fusn., p 254 : Šsecunda filia predicti Ebali de Roceio soror prefate Hadevidis de Ruminiaco nupsit Helduino comiti de Ramerut cuius fratres extiterunt comes Suessiionis et comes de DonmartinŠMemoratus comes Helduinus de Adelaide coniuge sua filia scilicet Ebali de Roceio genuit Ebalum comitem eiusdem loci et Andream comitem de Ramerut et filias. De Ebalo comite de Roceio ortus est Wischardus et Thomas et Hugo cognomento cholez et filieŠ). En 1073, il partit en Aragon à la tête d¹une armée pour aider le roi Sanche Ramirez lors de la reconquista (SUGER, p 26-27). Sur cette lignée, voir MORANVILLE, 1925 ; BUR, 1977, p 253-257) . Il se pourrait toutefois que cet événement ait eu lieu deux ans plus tôt, en tout cas en ce qui concerne Mathilda, car une charte du 13 juillet 1078 prouve que Raymond Bérenger II l¹avait déjà épousée à cette date (ACA Ramon Berenguer II, n° 31 : Ego Raimundus gratia Dei Barchinonensis comes et marchio et Maaltis nutu dei comitissa pariter in unum damusŠ). A moins de supposer que le comte de Barcelone ait eu deux épouses nommées Mathilda, l¹une avant juillet 1078 et décédée avant le printemps 1080, force est de reconnaître que les noces de la seconde fille de Guiscard et Sichelgaita furent célébrée en juin 1078 et non en juin 1080. Si il y eut effectivement un double mariage, alors celui de Sibillia eut également lieu en 1078. Une autre solution est que Guillaume des Pouilles et Anne Comnène ont confondu deux évènements. Le mariage de Sibillia avec Ebles de Roucy, un des chefs des croisés français en péninsule ibérique, et soutien du St-Siège, dut intervenir après la réconciliation du duc Robert et du souverain pontife en juin 1080 . Celui de Mathilda fut célébré avant juillet 1078, peut-être en même temps que celui de sa s¦ur aînée avec Hugues d¹Este. Le mariage de Sibillia avec un champion de la reconquista avait été commandité par le pape, et celui de sa s¦ur Mathilda avec un barcelonnais semblait avoir le même but ; tous deux intervenaient dans un contexte où la papauté entendait pousser les Normands à appuyer la reconquista . Guillaume des Pouilles et Anne Comnène avaient vraisemblablement entendu parler d¹un double mariage et en ont conclu qu¹ils s¹agissait de ceux de Mathilda et Sibillia, organisés sous l¹égide de Grégoire VII en 1080."³

Reference: Genealogics citees: EDV-28.

; Per Genealogy.EU (de Hauteville): “B6. [2m.] Sybille; m.before 1082 Cte Ebles II de Roucy (*ca 1050, +ca 1104)”.¹³

; Per Racines et Histoire (de Hauteville): “2) Sybille ép. avant 1082 Ebles II de Roucy ° ~1050 + ~1104 comte de Roucy”.¹⁴

; Per Med Lands:
     "SIBYLLE of Apulia . The Alexeiad records that Robert "Guiscard" married "the other [daughter] to Eubulus who was himself a count of great distinction" but does not name her[351]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Sybilla" as wife of "comitis Ebali de Roceio" but does not give her origin[352]. "Duo fratres Ebolus et Andreas et uxores nostre Sibilla et Adelisa et cognatus noster Hugo comes de Domno Martino uxorque eius Rothaidis" donated property to the church of Ramerupt Sainte-Marie by charter dated 1082[353].
     "m (before 1082) EBLES [II] Comte de Roucy, son of HILDUIN [IV] Comte de Montdidier et de Roucy, Seigneur de Ramerupt & his wife Adelaide de Roucy (-May 1103)."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Med Lands:
     "EBLES de Ramerupt, son of HILDUIN [IV] Comte de Montdidier et de Roucy, Seigneur de Ramerupt & his wife Adelaide de Roucy (-May 1103). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Ebalus…de Roceio et Andreas de Ramerut et Arceis comites" as the two sons of "Hilduinus de Ramerut" & his wife Adelaide[406]. Comte de Roucy. The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Ebalum comitem…et Andream comitem de Ramerut et filias" as children of "comes Helduinus [et] Adelaide"[407]. "Eblo de Roceio" donated property "in terra Morissarti" [Mortcerf] to the abbey of Saint-Martin de Pontoise by charter dated [1082][408]. "Duo fratres Ebolus et Andreas et uxores nostre Sibilla et Adelisa et cognatus noster Hugo comes de Domno Martino uxorque eius Rothaidis" donated property to the church of Ramerupt Sainte-Marie by charter dated 1082[409]. Suger's Vita Ludovici records that "tyrannide fortissimo et tumultuosi baronis Ebali Ruciacensis et filii eius Guischardi" devastated the lands of the church of Reims[410].
     "m (before 1082) SIBYLLE de Apulia, daughter of ROBERT “Guiscard” Duke of Apulia & his second wife Sichelgaita di Salerno. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Sybilla" as wife of "comitis Ebali de Roceio" but does not give her origin[411]. The Alexeiad records that Robert "Guiscard" married "the other [daughter] to Eubulus who was himself a count of great distinction" but does not name her[412]. "Duo fratres Ebolus et Andreas et uxores nostre Sibilla et Adelisa et cognatus noster Hugo comes de Domno Martino uxorque eius Rothaidis" donated property to the church of Ramerupt Sainte-Marie by charter dated 1082[413]. "
Med Lands cites:

; Per Racines et Histoire (Roucy): “Ebles II de Montdidier (Ramerupt) ° ~1050 + 05/1103 comte de Roucy, croisé en Espagne (1063) (donation 1082 de terres de Mortcerf à Saint-Martin de Pontoise)
     ép. avant 1082 Sibylle d’Apulie (de HautevilleCalabre) fl 1092/1117 (fille de Robert Guiscard, duc de Pouille, et de Sykelgaite de Salerne) ”.¹⁵

     Ebles II de Montdidier Comte de Roucy was born circa 1033.⁴ He married Sybille de Hauteville, daughter of Robert I "Guiscard/Weasel" de Hauteville Count then Duke of Apulia, Calabria, and Sicily, Pr of Salerno and Sichelgaita/Sigelgaita (?) Princess of Salerno, between June 1078 and June 1080
; Genealogy.EU, Genealogics and Med Lands say m. bef 1082.^{1,9,10,4,6,11,12}
Ebles II de Montdidier Comte de Roucy died circa 1104.^1,2,4
      ; Per Genealogy.EU (de Hauteville): “B6. [2m.] Sybille; m.before 1082 Cte Ebles II de Roucy (*ca 1050, +ca 1104)”.¹³

; Per Med Lands:
     "SIBYLLE of Apulia . The Alexeiad records that Robert "Guiscard" married "the other [daughter] to Eubulus who was himself a count of great distinction" but does not name her[351]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Sybilla" as wife of "comitis Ebali de Roceio" but does not give her origin[352]. "Duo fratres Ebolus et Andreas et uxores nostre Sibilla et Adelisa et cognatus noster Hugo comes de Domno Martino uxorque eius Rothaidis" donated property to the church of Ramerupt Sainte-Marie by charter dated 1082[353].
     "m (before 1082) EBLES [II] Comte de Roucy, son of HILDUIN [IV] Comte de Montdidier et de Roucy, Seigneur de Ramerupt & his wife Adelaide de Roucy (-May 1103)."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Racines et Histoire (de Hauteville): “2) Sybille ép. avant 1082 Ebles II de Roucy ° ~1050 + ~1104 comte de Roucy”.¹⁴

; Per Genealogics:
     “Ebles II was the son of Hildouin IV de Montdidier, comte de Roucy, and Adèle or Alice de Roucy, heiress of Roucy.
     “In 1064 Ebles went to Spain to fight the Saracens during the so-called Barbastro Crusade, then in 1076 he helped Sancho I, king of Aragón, who obtained the kingdom of Navarre through political brinkmanship after its own royal family became mired in a fratricidal assassination scandal. On this second expedition his nephew Rotrou I, comte du Perche, was also involved. After the victory Sancho married Ebles' sister Felicie de Montdidier.
     “It is likely that Ebles was involved in other distant adventures, and particularly against Byzantium with Robert Guiscard, duke of Apulia; about 1081 he married Sybille, the daughter of Robert and Sigelgaita de Salerno. Of their five children, Hugues I would have progeny.
     “In 1082 Ebles donated the roads to Mortcerf to the abbey of Saint-Martin de Pontoise.
     “Ebles and his sons did not participate in the First Crusade, which is surprising given their adventurous character and their alliances with the Latin lords of the East. However Ebles took part in the crusades in Spain and Italy, hoping to receive a principality more important than his county of Roucy, but in this he failed. On his return to Champagne he sought to carve out a principality at the expense of his neighbours and the archbishop of Reims. The chronicler Abbot Suger writes that Ebles and his son Guiscard created devastation in Reims. During the summer of 1102 the future King Louis VI 'the Fat' had to go to war to end their depredations and force them to submit. Ebles died about 1104.”.⁴

; This is the same person as:
”Ebles II of Roucy” at Wikipedia and as
”Ebles II de Roucy” at Wikipédia (FR.)^15,16

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag, Marburg, Schwennicke, Detlev (Ed.), Reference: III/4 677.⁴ EDV-25.

; Per Leo van de Pas email:
     "What I think is a pity, but probably due to the language barrier, that most in the USA seem to concentrate on ancestors in Great Britain and as a result a lot of interesting continental ancestors are overlooked. I am trying to collect biographies of as many people as possible and here is one of a Frenchman most would not think he could be an ancestor.
     "However Ebles is an ancestor of Andrew MacEwen, Tony Hoskins, Ian Fettes, Tim Powys-Lybbe, Audrey Hepburn, Eleanor and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Tony Blair, Wernher von Braun and Hermann Göring, as well as of the following Gateway Ancestors:
     "Ebles was the son of Hildouin IV de Montdidier, comte de Roucy, and Adèle (Alice) de Roucy, heiress of Roucy.
     "In 1064 Ebles went to Spain to fight the Saracens during the so-called Barbastro Crusade, then in 1076 he helped Sancho I, king of Aragón, to conquer the kingdom of Navarre. On this second expedition his nephew Rotrou I, comte du Perche, was also involved. After the victory Sancho married Ebles' sister Felicie de Montdidier (the marriage did not result in progeny).
     "It is likely that Ebles was involved in other distant adventures, and particularly against Byzantium with Robert Guiscard, duke of Apulia; about 1081 he married Sybille, the daughter of Robert and Sigelgaita de Salerno. Of their five children, Hugues I would have progeny.
     "In 1082 Ebles donated the roads to Mortcerf to the Abbey of Saint-Martin de Pontoise.
     "Ebles and his sons did not participate in the First Crusade, which is surprising, given their adventurous character and their alliances with the Latin lords of the East. However Ebles took part in the crusades in Spain and Italy, hoping to receive a principality more important than his county of Roucy, but in this he failed. On his return to Champagne he sought to carve out a principality at the expense of his neighbours and the archbishop of Reims. The chronicler Abbot Suger writes that Ebles and his son Guiscard created devastation in Reims. During the summer of 1102 the future King Louis VI 'the Fat' had to go to war to end their depredations and force them to submit.
     "Ebles died about 1104.”.²

; Per Med Lands:
     "EBLES de Ramerupt, son of HILDUIN [IV] Comte de Montdidier et de Roucy, Seigneur de Ramerupt & his wife Adelaide de Roucy (-May 1103). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Ebalus…de Roceio et Andreas de Ramerut et Arceis comites" as the two sons of "Hilduinus de Ramerut" & his wife Adelaide[406]. Comte de Roucy. The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Ebalum comitem…et Andream comitem de Ramerut et filias" as children of "comes Helduinus [et] Adelaide"[407]. "Eblo de Roceio" donated property "in terra Morissarti" [Mortcerf] to the abbey of Saint-Martin de Pontoise by charter dated [1082][408]. "Duo fratres Ebolus et Andreas et uxores nostre Sibilla et Adelisa et cognatus noster Hugo comes de Domno Martino uxorque eius Rothaidis" donated property to the church of Ramerupt Sainte-Marie by charter dated 1082[409]. Suger's Vita Ludovici records that "tyrannide fortissimo et tumultuosi baronis Ebali Ruciacensis et filii eius Guischardi" devastated the lands of the church of Reims[410].
     "m (before 1082) SIBYLLE de Apulia, daughter of ROBERT “Guiscard” Duke of Apulia & his second wife Sichelgaita di Salerno. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Sybilla" as wife of "comitis Ebali de Roceio" but does not give her origin[411]. The Alexeiad records that Robert "Guiscard" married "the other [daughter] to Eubulus who was himself a count of great distinction" but does not name her[412]. "Duo fratres Ebolus et Andreas et uxores nostre Sibilla et Adelisa et cognatus noster Hugo comes de Domno Martino uxorque eius Rothaidis" donated property to the church of Ramerupt Sainte-Marie by charter dated 1082[413]. "
Med Lands cites:

; Per Racines et Histoire (Roucy): “Ebles II de Montdidier (Ramerupt) ° ~1050 + 05/1103 comte de Roucy, croisé en Espagne (1063) (donation 1082 de terres de Mortcerf à Saint-Martin de Pontoise)
     ép. avant 1082 Sibylle d’Apulie (de HautevilleCalabre) fl 1092/1117 (fille de Robert Guiscard, duc de Pouille, et de Sykelgaite de Salerne) ”.¹⁷ He was Comte de Roucy between 1063 and 1103.¹⁵

     Hugues I Cholet de Roucy Comte de Roucy was born circa 1085; Genealogy.EU says b. ca 1090; Genealogics says b. ca 1085; Med Lands says b. 1090.^6,8,3 He married Aveline/Aveline de Pierrefonds before 1114
;
His 1st wife.^6,3,9 Hugues I Cholet de Roucy Comte de Roucy married Richilde von Staufen de Souabe, daughter of Friedrich I (?) von Hohenstauffen, Duke of Alsace and Schwaben and Agnes (?) von Waiblingen, after 1117
;
His 2nd wife.^2,6,3,10,11
Hugues I Cholet de Roucy Comte de Roucy died circa 1160.^2,6,3
      ; Per Genealogy.EU (Hohenstaufen): “C4. Richilde, *ca 1100; m.Cte Hugues de Roucy (*ca 1090 +ca 1160)”.⁶

; Per Med Lands:
     "RICHILDE von Staufen ([1100]-). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the wife of "comes Hugo Cholez" as sister of "ut dicitur, imperatoris Conradi" but does not name her[310]. "Hugo comes de Roceio" donated property "in territorio Silvini" to Igny Notre-Dame, for the souls of “meæ et...uxoris meæ Richentiæ”, with the consent of “eiusdem uxoris meæ ac filii nostri Wicardi”, by charter dated 1148[311]. "Hugo comes Roceiensis" donated property to "ecclesiam…in Eberneicurte", for the soul of "uxoris Richildis pie memorie", with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti Wiscardi et uxoris eius Elisabeth, Ebali et Hugonis et filiarum mearum Clementie, Sibille et Sare que cognominatur Agnes", by charter dated 1154[312].
     "m (after 1117) as his second wife, HUGUES "Cholet" Comte de Roucy, son of EBLES [II] Comte de Roucy & his wife Sibylle of Apulia ([1090]-[1160], bur Reims St Thierry)."
Med Lands cites:

Reference: Genealogics cites:

; Per Genealogics:
     “Hugues I Cholet was the son of Ebles II, comte de Roucy, and Sibylle de Hauteville. He was count of Roucy from 1103 to his death.
     “With his first wife Aveline, about whom nothing is recorded, he had a daughter Alde who would have progeny, marrying Gaucher II de Châtillon, seigneur de Châtillon.
     “Hugues then married Richilda, a daughter of Friedrich I, Herzog von Schwaben, and Agnes von Franken, with whom he had eight or so children, including a son Guichard who had several children with his wife Elisabeth de Mareuil, dame de Neufchâtel-sur-Aisne.
     “In 1130 Hugues donated the farm of Thony, located on the common of Pontavert, to the knights Templar. He founded the abbey of Val-le-Roi in 1147 and the priory of Evergnicourt in 1154. He died about 1160.”.⁶ EDV-27 GKJ-26.

; Per Racines et Histoire (Roucy): “Hugues 1er de Roucy-Montdidier dit «Cholet» ° ~1090 + ~1160 comte de Roucy, seigneur de Nizy-Le-Comte et de Sévigny (fonde l’abbaye de Val-Le-Roy 1147 & Prieuré d’Evernicourt 1154)
     ép. 1) Aveline (Adeline) de Pierrefonds ° ~1095 (citée jusqu’en 1117)
     ép. 2) après 1117 Richilde Von Staufen (Hohenstaufen, de Souabe) ° ~1100 + avant 1154 (fille de Friedrich 1er, duc de Souabe et d’Agnès de Germanie, princesse impériale, fille de l’empereur Heinrich IV)”.¹²

; Per Racines et Histoire (Chérisy): “Aveline (alias Adeline, Aylaidis) de Pierrefonds ° ~1095 + un 12/05 après 1119
     ép. 1) Jean 1er de Nesle ° ~1037 + 27/09/1131 comte de Soissons (fils de de Guillaume Busac, comte d’Eu et de Soissons, et d’Adéla, comtesse de Soissons)
     ép. 2) Hugues dit «Cholet» de Roucy, comte de Roucy”.⁹

     Aveline/Aveline de Pierrefonds married Jean I de Nesle Comte de Soissons
;
Her 1st husband.⁴
Aveline/Aveline de Pierrefonds died after 117.⁵ She married Hugues I Cholet de Roucy Comte de Roucy, son of Ebles II de Montdidier Comte de Roucy and Sybille de Hauteville, before 1114
;
His 1st wife.^6,5,2
      ; Per Racines et Histoire (Roucy): “Hugues 1er de Roucy-Montdidier dit «Cholet» ° ~1090 + ~1160 comte de Roucy, seigneur de Nizy-Le-Comte et de Sévigny (fonde l’abbaye de Val-Le-Roy 1147 & Prieuré d’Evernicourt 1154)
     ép. 1) Aveline (Adeline) de Pierrefonds ° ~1095 (citée jusqu’en 1117)
     ép. 2) après 1117 Richilde Von Staufen (Hohenstaufen, de Souabe) ° ~1100 + avant 1154 (fille de Friedrich 1er, duc de Souabe et d’Agnès de Germanie, princesse impériale, fille de l’empereur Heinrich IV)”.⁷

Reference: Genealogics cites: The Plantagenet Ancestry, Baltimore, 1975 , Turton, Lt.Col. W. H. 184.² EDV-27 GKJ-26.

; Per Racines et Histoire (Chérisy): “Aveline (alias Adeline, Aylaidis) de Pierrefonds ° ~1095 + un 12/05 après 1119
     ép. 1) Jean 1er de Nesle ° ~1037 + 27/09/1131 comte de Soissons (fils de de Guillaume Busac, comte d’Eu et de Soissons, et d’Adéla, comtesse de Soissons)
     ép. 2) Hugues dit «Cholet» de Roucy, comte de Roucy”.²

; Per Racines et Histoire (Nesle): “? Jean 1er de Nesle ° ~1085 + ~1100 comte de Soissons
     et Adeline de Pierrefonds ° ~ 1089/95 + ~1115 ”.⁴

     Ada de Roucy dame de Pierrefonds married Gaucher II de Châtillon Seigneur de Châtillon, Croissy et Montjay, son of Henri I de Châtillon and Ermengard de Montjai.^6,7,1
Ada de Roucy dame de Pierrefonds was born before 1114.¹
Ada de Roucy dame de Pierrefonds died after 1172.¹
     EDV-26.

     Gaucher II de Châtillon Seigneur de Châtillon, Croissy et Montjay married Ada de Roucy dame de Pierrefonds, daughter of Hugues I Cholet de Roucy Comte de Roucy and Aveline/Aveline de Pierrefonds.^5,1,2
Gaucher II de Châtillon Seigneur de Châtillon, Croissy et Montjay was born circa 1110.²
Gaucher II de Châtillon Seigneur de Châtillon, Croissy et Montjay died on 19 June 1148 at Laodicée; crusader.^1,2
     EDV-26.

; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. Encyclopedie Genealogique des Maisons Souveraines du Monde Paris, VIII 1963,IX 1964,XII 1966., Docteur Gaston Sirjean, Reference: 242
2. The Plantagenet Ancestry Baltimore, 1975. , Lt.Col. W. H. Turton, Reference: 184.¹

     Elisabeth (?) Comtesse de St. Pol was born after 1179; Med Lands says b. 1179; Racines et Histoire (Châtillon) says b. aft 1179.^9,6 She married Gaucher III de Châtillon Comte de St. Pol, Seigneur de Châtillon-sur-Marne, Croissy, Crécy, Montjay, Crécy et Pierrefonds, son of Guy II de Châtillon seigneur de Châtillon-sur-Marne, Troissy, Montjay, Vassen et Crécy and Adèle/Alix de Dreux Dame de Montjay, in 1196
;
Her 1st husband.^{10,5,9,6,11,12} Elisabeth (?) Comtesse de St. Pol married Jean de Béthune comte de Saint-Pol, son of Guillaume II de Béthune seigneur de Béthune, Richebourg, Warneton, Choques, Tenremonde, Meulebeke (Molembecque), et Locres (Lokeren), avoué de l’abbaye Saint-Vaast d’Arras and Maud de Tenremond dame de Tenremonde, Lokeren et Meulebeke, in 1231
;
Her 2nd husband.^{13,14,9,5,6,15,16}
Elisabeth (?) Comtesse de St. Pol died before 1240.^9,5,6
      ; Per Med Lands:
     "GAUCHER [III] de Châtillon, son of GUY [II] Seigneur de Châtillon & his wife Alix de Dreux [Capet] (-killed in battle Oct 1219). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "comitis Galtheri de Sancto Paulo" as son of "Guidonem [filii Galtheiro de Monteis]i"[1362]. Seigneur de Châtillon, de Toissy, de Crécy et de Pierrefonds. "Gaucherus de Castellione dominus de Mongai" confirmed a donation to Saint-Denis by “sororio meo Balduino de Donion et...sorori meæ Amiciæ” by charter dated Mar 1201[1363]. Comte de Saint-Pol. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "comes Sancti Pauli" holding two knights’ fees "in Roinges, Donmawe, Alferstone" in Essex, Hertfordshire in [1210/12][1364]. "Galchero comiti S. Pauli et filiis suis de uxore sua" donated “Toringniacum in Normannia” to Philippe II King of France by charter dated Feb 1218 (O.S.)[1365]. A charter dated 1219 records that "Galcherus quondam dictus comes Sancti Pauli" donated property to Saint-Denis, with the consent of “filiis suis Guidone et Hugone et uxore sua”, by charter dated 1219[1366].
     "m (1196) as her first husband, ELISABETH de Saint-Pol, daughter of HUGUES [IV] "Candavène" Comte de Saint-Pol & his wife Yolande de Hainaut (-before 1240). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Ysabellam uxorem comitis Galtheri de Castellione, qui per uxorem factus est comes de Sancto Paulo, et Eustaciam uxorem Iohannis de Nigella" as children of "comiti Hugoni de Sancto Paulo" & his wife[1367]. The Chronicon Hanoniense names (in order) "Elizabeth et Eustachium" as the children of "Hugonis Sancti Pauli" & his wife[1368]. "Hugo comes S. Pauli et Jole uxor mea" donated property to the church of Thérouanne with the consent of "generorum meorum Galteri de Castellione et Johannis domini de Nigella et filiarum mearum Elilzabeth et Eustathiæ" by charter dated Jan 1201[1369]. "Galcherius de Castelione montis Gaii dominus" donated property to Tremblay "pro salute anima…fratris mei Guidonis" with the consent of "Elisabeth uxoris mee" by charter dated Jan 1205[1370]. Ctss de Saint-Pol 1205. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium refers to the wife of "Waltheri de Castellione" as "filiam Hugonis comitis Sancti-Pauli"[1371]. “Elisabeth de Castellione comitissa Sancti Pauli” confirmed an agreement between “Guidonem et Hugonem filios meos” and “Matheum de Rollepot militem” concerning “terra...Baulesche” by charter dated Jul 1220[1372]. She married secondly (1231) Jean de Béthune. Her second marriage is confirmed by the charter dated [2/30] Apr 1233 under which her son “Hugo comes Sancti Pauli” did homage to Louis IX King of France for the lands of “mater mea I. comitissa Sancti Pauli et Johannes de Bethunia, qui dicebatur eius maritus”[1373], although the last phrase suggests doubt about whether the couple was actually married."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Racines et Histoire (Châtillon): “2) Gaucher III de Châtillon ° ~1166 +X entre 05 et 10/1219 (Damiette, croisé 1191) seigneur de Châtillon, Troissy (Croissy ?), Crécy, Montjay, Crécy et Pierrefonds, comte de Saint-Pol (1205), Sénéchal de Bourgogne (1198), Grand-Bouteiller de France & de Champagne, X Normandie (1203) puis en Albigeois avec Montfort (~1209, Béziers, Carcassonne), X en Flandres (1212/13, prend Tournai pour le Roi), X à Bouvines, X en Languedoc (1219) (cité dès 1183 ; sceau à 3 pals de vair au chef fretté)
     ép.1196 Elisabeth de Saint-Pol, comtesse de Saint-Pol (1205), dame d’Encre° après 1179 + dès 1240 (1232, 04/1233 ou 1247 ? (fille d’Hugues IV dit «Campdavène», comte de Saint-Pol, et de Yolande de Hainaut ; ép. 2) ~1228 Jean de Béthune + dès 1240, frère de Daniel de Béthune) (don 1202 à l’Abbaye du Val près Pontoise ; donation au Tremblay-en-France 01/1205 ; reléguée par son fils comme dame de Frévent ~1223)”.⁹

; This is the same person as ”Élisabeth Candavène” at Wikipédia (FR.)¹⁷ Elisabeth (?) Comtesse de St. Pol was also known as Élisabeth de Campdavaine Comtesse de Saint-Pol.¹⁸

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag, Marburg, Schwennicke, Detlev (Ed.) 3:622; 7:17, 57.⁵

; Per Racines et Histoire (Saint-Pol): “Elisabeth de Saint-Pol ° 1179 + entre 12/1240 et 11/1247 comtesse de Saint-Pol (1205) (citée dès 1190), Régente du comté de Saint-Pol (1219-1223 & 1226-1228)
     ép. 1) dès 1196 Gaucher III, comte de Châtillon +X 10/1219 seigneur de Châtillon, Troissy, Montjay, Crécy et Pierrefonds, comte de Saint-Pol (fils de Gui II, seigneur de Châtillon, et d’Alix de Dreux)
     ép. 2) dès 1228 ? (ou 1231 ?) Jean de Béthune + dès 1240 postérité des comtes de Saint-Pol (Maison de Châtillon) (Gui + 1226 & Hugues V + 1248)”.¹⁴

; Per Med Lands:
     "ELISABETH de Saint-Pol ([1179]-before 1240). The Chronicon Hanoniense names (in order) "Elizabeth et Eustachium" as the children of "Hugonis Sancti Pauli" & his wife[1350]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Ysabellam uxorem comitis Galtheri de Castellione, qui per uxorem factus est comes de Sancto Paulo, et Eustaciam uxorem Iohannis de Nigella" as children of "comiti Hugoni de Sancto Paulo" & his wife[1351]. "Hugo comes S. Pauli et Jole uxor mea" donated property to the church of Thérouanne with the consent of "generorum meorum Galteri de Castellione et Johannis domini de Nigella et filiarum mearum Elilzabeth et Eustathiæ" by charter dated Jan 1201[1352]. "Galcherius de Castelione montis Gaii dominus" donated property to Tremblay "pro salute anima…fratris mei Guidonis" with the consent of "Elisabeth uxoris mee" by charter dated Jan 1205[1353]. Ctss de Saint-Pol 1205. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium refers to the wife of "Waltheri de Castellione" as "filiam Hugonis comitis Sancti-Pauli"[1354]. “Elisabeth de Castellione comitissa Sancti Pauli” confirmed an agreement between “Guidonem et Hugonem filios meos” and “Matheum de Rollepot militem” concerning “terra...Baulesche” by charter dated Jul 1220[1355]. Her second marriage is confirmed by the charter dated [2/30] Apr 1233 under which her son “Hugo comes Sancti Pauli” did homage to Louis IX King of France for the lands of “mater mea I. comitissa Sancti Pauli et Johannes de Bethunia, qui dicebatur eius maritus”[1356], although the last phrase suggests doubt about whether the couple was actually married.
     "m firstly (1196) GAUCHER [III] Seigneur de Châtillon-sur-Marne, son of GUY [II] Seigneur de Châtillon & his wife Alix de Dreux [Capet] (-killed in battle Oct 1219). Comte de Saint-Pol.
     "m secondly (1231) JEAN de Béthune, son of GUILLAUME [III] de Béthune & his wife Mathilde van Dendermonde (-before 1240)."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Med Lands:
     "JEAN de Béthune (-before 1240). "Dominus Robertus, Wilhelmus, Joannes de Bethunia, fratres Danielis tunc temporis domini Bethuniensis, Atrebatensis advocati, et Amalricus de Fontenella, milites, Beatridis comitissa de Gisnes, et Katarina sorores" witnessed the charter dated Nov 1220 under which "Mathildis de Housdaing…domina de Chockes" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques[312].
     "m (1231) as her second husband, ELISABETH de Saint-Pol, widow of GAUCHER [III] de Châtillon Comte de Saint-Pol, daughter of HUGUES [IV] "Candavène" Comte de Saint-Pol & his wife Yolande de Hainaut (-before 1240). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Ysabellam uxorem comitis Galtheri de Castellione, qui per uxorem factus est comes de Sancto Paulo, et Eustaciam uxorem Iohannis de Nigella" as children of "comiti Hugoni de Sancto Paulo" & his wife[313]. Her second marriage is confirmed by the charter dated [2/30] Apr 1233 under which her son “Hugo comes Sancti Pauli” did homage to Louis IX King of France for the lands of “mater mea I. comitissa Sancti Pauli et Johannes de Bethunia, qui dicebatur eius maritus”[314], although the last phrase suggests doubt about whether the couple was actually married."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Racines et Histoire (Béthune): “Jean de Béthune comte de Saint-Pol (1240)
     ép.1231 Isabeau (Elisabeth) de SaintPol + 1233 (fille d’Hugues IV Candavène, comte de Saint-Pol, et de Yolande de Hainaut)”.¹³ She was Comtesse de Saint-Pol between 1219 and 1228.¹⁷

     Cecilia di Medania married Rainaldo d'Aquino, son of Conte Landone IV d'Aquino.^1,4,5

      ; Leo van de Pas cites: Continuity and Change in Norman Italy, the Campania during the 11th, 12th cent. 1996, G. A. Loud, Reference: from Brice Clagett.¹ EDV-25 GKJ-25.

     Sibyl/Sibilla d'Aquina married Tancred I (?) Conte di Lecce, King of Sicily, son of Roger III de Hauteville Duke of Apulia, Count of Lecce and Bianca/Emma di Lecce, before 1190.^1,5,2

Sibyl/Sibilla d'Aquina died after 1205; Leo van de Pas says d. aft 1194; died a prisoner in Germany.^1,2
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: Continuity and Change in Norman Italy, the Campania during the 11th, 12th cent. 1996, G. A. Loud, Reference: from Brice Clagett.¹ Sibyl/Sibilla d'Aquina was also known as Sibilla de Medania.⁶ Sibyl/Sibilla d'Aquina was also known as Sibilla d'Aquino.¹

     Tancred I (?) Conte di Lecce, King of Sicily was born in 1135.^1,2 He married Sibyl/Sibilla d'Aquina, daughter of Rainaldo d'Aquino and Cecilia di Medania, before 1190.^6,1,7

Tancred I (?) Conte di Lecce, King of Sicily died on 20 February 1194.²
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: II 206.¹

; Tankred, Ct of Lecce, King of Two Sicilies (1154/90-94), *1135, +20.2.1194; m.Sibilla di Medania /OR di Acerra.² Tancred I (?) Conte di Lecce, King of Sicily was also known as Tancredi I d'Altavilla King of Sicily.⁷

; On William's death, Tancred of Lecce (son of Roger, duke of Apulia, the brother of Constance) led a vigorous native resistance to the emperor Henry VI (king, 1194-97), with the support of the pope and Richard I. Henry reduced Sicily, southern Italy, and part of Tuscany, with the aid of Pisa and Genoa; retained the Matildine lands in central Italy; organized an imperial administration of his holdings; and planned a great empire with Italy as its base. Purely Norman rule ended with Tancred.⁸

     Aimone I d'Aquino Conte di Acerra died after 1195.¹
     EDV-24 GKJ-24.

     John Erskine 5th Lord Erskine d.j. 17th Earl of Mar, 10th Ld Garioch married Margaret Campbell, daughter of Archibald Campbell 2nd Earl of Argyll and Elizabeth Stewart.

John Erskine 5th Lord Erskine d.j. 17th Earl of Mar, 10th Ld Garioch died in 1555.²
     He was de jure 17th Earl of Mar.² He was 10th Ld Garioch.²

; JOHN, 5TH LORD ERSKINE, and de jure 17th Earl of Mar, 10th Ld Garioch, who d 1555. He m Margaret, dau of Archibald, 2nd Earl of Argyll (see ARGYLL, D), and had (with other issue, as to whom see next article), a 3rd son,
JOHN, 6TH LORD ERSKINE, 18th Earl of Mar.² John Erskine 5th Lord Erskine d.j. 17th Earl of Mar, 10th Ld Garioch lived at an unknown place ; 5th Lord Erskine.²

     John Erskine 6th Lord Erskine, d.j. 18th Earl of Mar, 11th Ld Garioch was 17th Earl of Mar.² He was 6th Lord Erskine.²

; JOHN ERSKINE, 1st Earl of Mar (S), so cr 29/30 July 1565 (according to a Ho Lds Privileges Ctee decision of 26 Feb 1875, but also 17th EARL OF MAR (qv) of the older cr), and 6th LORD ERSKINE; had, with a dau (Mary, m 13 June 1573 8th Earl of Angus, see HAMILTON and BRANDON, D): JOHN ERSKINE, 2nd Earl of Mar.³ John Erskine 6th Lord Erskine, d.j. 18th Earl of Mar, 11th Ld Garioch was also known as John Erskine 1st Earl of Mar.^4,3

; JOHN, 6TH LORD ERSKINE, 18th Earl of Mar, 11th Ld Garioch, Regent of Scotland 1571-2, and guardian of JAMES VI who was restored by QUEEN MARY, by a charter dated 23 June 1565, to the Earldom of Mar, which declared that THE QUEEN "being moved by conscience to restore the lawful heirs to their just inheritance, of which they had been kept out by obstinate and partial rulers and officers" she "restored him, his heirs and assigns hereditably as heirs of the late Isabel, Countess of Mar (1404), to all and hail the said Earldom, with lands, castle etc." This charter was witnessed by John, Archbishop of St Andrews, James, Earl of Morton, Ld Dalkeith, William, Earl Marshall, and others at Perth, 23 June 1565, and ratified by Act of Parliament, 19 April 1567, making distinction between restoration of the Earldom to heirs-general, and Captaincy of Stirling Castle to heirs-male. He m Annabella, dau of Sir William Murray of Tullibardine, and d 1572, having had a son, JOHN, 19th Earl of Mar.² He was 1st Earl of Mar on 30 July 1565.³

     Lady Anne/Agnes Keith married James Stuart 1st Earl of Moray, son of James V Stuart King of Scots and Margaret Erskine, between 8 February 1521 and 1522.¹
Lady Anne/Agnes Keith married Sir Colin Campbell 6th Earl of Argyll, son of Archibald Campbell 4th Earl of Argyll and Lady Margaret Graham, between 26 February 1571 and 1572.³

Lady Anne/Agnes Keith died on 16 July 1588.^1,3

     Tommaso (?) Conte di Celano married Isabella d'Acquaviva, daughter of Matteo d'Acquaviva and Imperatrice d'Arce di Campli.^1,4

      ; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: XIV 183
2. The Ancestry of Elizabeth of York 1999. , Marlyn Lewis, Reference: 254.¹ EDV-20 GKJ-20.

     Isabella d'Acquaviva married Tommaso (?) Conte di Celano, son of Rogerio (?) Conte di Celano and Maria d'Aquino.^5,1

      ; Leo van de Pas cites: The Ancestry of Elizabeth of York 1999. , Marlyn Lewis, Reference: 255.¹ Isabella d'Acquaviva was also known as Marella d'Acquaviva.³ EDV-20 GKJ-20.

     Rogerio (?) Conte di Celano married Maria d'Aquino, daughter of Adenalfo I d'Aquino and Fiordilatra Felluca Signora di Barbaro, in 1279.^1,2

      ; Leo van de Pas cites: The Plantagenet Ancestry Baltimore, 1975. , Lt.Col. W. H. Turton, Reference: 225.¹ EDV-21 GKJ-21. Rogerio (?) Conte di Celano was living in 1280.¹

     Maria d'Aquino married Rogerio (?) Conte di Celano in 1279.^3,1

      ; Leo van de Pas cites: The Plantagenet Ancestry Baltimore, 1975. , Lt.Col. W. H. Turton, Reference: 225.¹ EDV-21 GKJ-21.

     Adenalfo I d'Aquino married Fiordilatra Felluca Signora di Barbaro.¹

Adenalfo I d'Aquino died after 1302.¹
     EDV-22 GKJ-22.

     Fiordilatra Felluca Signora di Barbaro married Adenalfo I d'Aquino, son of Landolfo I d'Aquino Count of Aquino and Teodora di Caracciola Countess of Teano.¹

     EDV-22 GKJ-22. Fiordilatra Felluca Signora di Barbaro was also known as Fiore Foloch.¹

     Landolfo I d'Aquino Count of Aquino married Teodora di Caracciola Countess of Teano.³

      ; Conte Landolfo I (+ 1246/1254), Signore di Roccasecca, Alvito, Aquino e parti di Monte San Giovanni. Sposa Teodora dei Conti di Chieti (secondo altri dei Conti di Teano, probabilmente di origine tedesca o longobarda.)³ EDV-23 GKJ-23.

     Teodora di Caracciola Countess of Teano married Landolfo I d'Aquino Count of Aquino, son of Aimone I d'Aquino Conte di Acerra.³

     EDV-23 GKJ-23.

     Saint Thomas d'Aquino was born between 1225 and 1227 at Rocca Secca, Kingdom of Naples, Italy (now).¹
Saint Thomas d'Aquino died on 7 March 1274 at Fossa Nuova, Kingdom of Naples, Italy (now).¹
      ; St. Thomas Aquinas - Philosopher, theologian, doctor of the Church (Angelicus Doctor), patron of Catholic universities, colleges, and schools. Born at Rocca Secca in the Kingdom of Naples, 1225 or 1227; died at Fossa Nuova, 7 March, 1274.

The great outlines and all the important events of his life are known, but biographers differ as to some details and dates. Death prevented Henry Denifle from executing his project of writing a critical life of the saint. Denifle's friend and pupil, Dominic Prümmer, O.P., professor of theology in the University of Fribourg, Switzerland, took up the work and published the "Fontes Vitae S. Thomae Aquinatis, notis historicis et criticis illustrati"; and the first fascicle (Toulouse, 1911) has appeared, giving the life of St. Thomas by Peter Calo (1300) now published for the first time. From Tolomeo of Lucca . . . we learn that at the time of the saint's death there was a doubt about his exact age (Prümmer, op. cit., 45). The end of 1225 is usually assigned as the time of his birth. Father Prümmer, on the authority of Calo, thinks 1227 is the more probable date (op. cit., 28). All agree that he died in 1274.

Landulph, his father, was Count of Aquino; Theodora, his mother, Countess of Teano. His family was related to the Emperors Henry VI and Frederick II, and to the Kings of Aragon, Castile, and France. Calo relates that a holy hermit foretold his career, saying to Theodora before his birth: "He will enter the Order of Friars Preachers, and so great will be his learning and sanctity that in his day no one will be found to equal him" (Prümmer, op. cit., 18). At the age of five, according to the custom of the times, he was sent to receive his first training from the Benedictine monks of Monte Cassino. Diligent in study, he was thus early noted as being meditative and devoted to prayer, and his preceptor was surprised at hearing the child ask frequently: "What is God?"

About the year 1236 he was sent to the University of Naples. Calo says that the change was made at the instance of the Abbot of Monte Cassino, who wrote to Thomas's father that a boy of such talents should not be left in obscurity (Prümmcr, op. cit., 20). At Naples his preceptors were Pietro Martini and Petrus Hibernus. The chronicler says that he soon surpassed Martini at grammar, and he was then given over to Peter of Ireland, who trained him in logic and the natural sciences. The customs of the times divided the liberal arts into two courses: the Trivium, embracing grammar, logic, and rhetoric; the Quadrivium, comprising music, mathematics, geometry, and astronomy . . . . Thomas could repeat the lessons with more depth and lucidity than his masters displayed. The youth's heart had remained pure amidst the corruption with which he was surrounded, and he resolved to embrace the religious life.

Some time between 1240 and August, 1243, he received the habit of the Order of St. Dominic, being attracted and directed by John of St. Julian, a noted preacher of the convent of Naples. The city wondered that such a noble young man should don the garb of poor friar. His mother, with mingled feelings of joy and sorrow, hastened to Naples to see her son. The Dominicans, fearing she would take him away, sent him to Rome, his ultimate destination being Paris or Cologne. At the instance of Theodora, Thomas's brothers, who were soldiers under the Emperor Frederick, captured the novice near the town of Aquapendente and confined him in the fortress of San Giovanni at Rocca Secca. Here he was detained nearly two years, his parents, brothers, and sisters endeavouring by various means to destroy his vocation. The brothers even laid snares for his virtue, but the pure-minded novice drove the temptress from his room with a brand which he snatched from the fire. Towards the end of his life, St. Thomas confided to his faithful friend and companion, Reginald of Piperno, the secret of a remarkable favour received at this time. When the temptress had been driven from his chamber, he knelt and most earnestly implored God to grant him integrity of mind and body. He fell into a gentle sleep, and, as he slept, two angels appeared to assure him that his prayer had been heard. They then girded him about with a white girdle, saying: "We gird thee with the girdle of perpetual virginity." And from that day forward he never experienced the slightest motions of concupiscence.

The time spent in captivity was not lost. His mother relented somewhat, after the first burst of anger and grief; the Dominicans were allowed to provide him with new habits, and through the kind offices of his sister he procured some books -- the Holy Scriptures, Aristotle's Metaphysics, and the "Sentences" of Peter Lombard. After eighteen months or two years spent in prison, either because his mother saw that the hermit's prophecy would eventually be fulfilled or because his brothers feared the threats of Innocent IV and Frederick II, he was set at liberty, being lowered in a basket into the arms of the Dominicans, who were delighted to find that during his captivity "he had made as much progress as if he had been in a studium generale" (Calo, op. cit., 24).

Thomas immediately pronounced his vows, and his superiors sent him to Rome. Innocent IV examined closely into his motives in joining the Friars Preachers, dismissed him with a blessing, and forbade any further interference with his vocation. John the Teutonic, fourth master general of the order, took the young student to Paris and, according to the majority of the saint's biographers, to Cologne, where he arrived in 1244 or 1245, and was placed under Albertus Magnus, the most renowned professor of the order. In the schools Thomas's humility and taciturnity were misinterpreted as signs of dullness, but when Albert had heard his brilliant defence of a difficult thesis, he exclaimed: "We call this young man a dumb ox, hut his bellowing in doctrine will one day resound throughout the world."

In 1245 Albert was sent to Paris, and Thomas accompanied him as a student. In 1248 both returned to Cologne. Albert had been appointed regent of the new studium generale, erected that year by the general chapter of the order, and Thomas was to teach under him as Bachelor. (On the system of graduation in the thirteenth century see ORDER OF PREACHERS -- II, A, 1, d). During his stay in Cologne, probably in 1250, he was raised to the priesthood by Conrad of Hochstaden, archbishop of that city. Throughout his busy life, he frequently preached the Word of God, in Germany, France, and Italy. His sermons were forceful, redolent of piety, full of solid instruction, abounding in apt citations from the Scriptures.

In the year 1251 or 1252 the master general of the order, by the advice of Albertus Magnus and Hugo a S. Charo (Hugh of St. Cher), sent Thomas to fill the office of Bachelor (sub-regent) in the Dominican studium at Paris. This appointment may be regarded as the beginning of his public career, for his teaching soon attracted the attention both of the professors and of the students. His duties consisted principally in explaining the "Sentences" of Peter Lombard, and his commentaries on that text-book of theology furnished the materials and, in great part, the plan for his chief work, the "Summa theologica".

In due time he was ordered to prepare himself to obtain the degree of Doctor in Theology from the University of Paris, but the conferring of the degree was postponed, owing to a dispute between the university and the friars. The conflict, originally a dispute between the university and the civic authorities, arose from the slaying of one of the students and the wounding of three others by the city guard. The university, jealous of its autonomy, demanded satisfaction, which was refused. The doctors closed their schools, solemnly swore that they would not reopen them until their demands were granted, and decreed that in future no one should be admitted to the degree of Doctor unless he would take an oath to follow the same line of conduct under similar circumstances. The Dominicans and Franciscans, who had continued to teach in their schools, refused to take the prescribed oath, and from this there arose a bitter conflict which was at its height when St. Thomas and St. Bonaventure were ready to be presented for their degrees. William of St-Amour extended the dispute beyond the original question, violently attacked the friars, of whom he was evidently jealous, and denied their right to occupy chairs in the university. Against his book, "De periculis novissimorum temporum" (The Perils of the Last Times), St. Thomas wrote a treatise "Contra impugnantes religionem", an apology for the religious orders (Touron, op. cit., II, cc. vii sqq.) The book of William of St-Amour was condemned by Alexander IV at Anagni, 5 October, 1256, and the pope gave orders that the mendicant friars should be admitted to the doctorate.

About this time St. Thomas also combated a dangerous book, "The Eternal Gospel" (Touron, op. cit., II, cxii). The university authorities did not obey immediately; the influence of St. Louis IX and eleven papal Briefs were required before peace was firmly established, and St. Thomas was admitted to the degree of Doctor in Theology. The date of his promotion, as given by many biographers, was 23 October, 1257. His theme was "The Majesty of Christ". His text, "Thou waterest the hills from thy upper rooms: the earth shall be filled with the fruit of thy works" (Psalm 103:13), said to have been suggested by a heavenly visitor, seems to have been prophetic of his career. A tradition says that St. Bonaventure and St. Thomas received the doctorate on the same day, and that there was a contest of humility between the two friends as to which should be promoted first.

From this time St. Thomas's life may be summed up in a few words: praying, preaching, teaching, writing, journeying. Men were more anxious to hear him than they had been to hear Albert, whom St. Thomas surpassed in accuracy, lucidity, brevity, and power of exposition, if not in universality of knowledge. Paris claimed him as her own; the popes wished to have him near them; the studia of the order were eager to enjoy the benefit of his teaching; hence we find him successively at Anagni, Rome, Bologna, Orvieto, Viterbo, Perugia, in Paris again, and finally in Naples, always teaching and writing, living on earth with one passion, an ardent zeal for the explanation and defence of Christian truth. So devoted was he to his sacred task that with tears he begged to be excused from accepting the Archbishopric of Naples, to which he was appointed by Clement IV in 1265. Had this appointment been accepted, most probably the "Summa theologica" would not have been written.

Yielding to the requests of his brethren, he on several occasions took part in the deliberations of the general chapters of the order. One of these chapters was held in London in 1263. In another held at Valenciennes (1259) he collaborated with Albertus Magnus and Peter of Tarentasia (afterwards Pope Innocent V) in formulating a system of studies which is substantially preserved to this day in the studia generalia of the Dominican Order (cf. Douais, op. cit.)

It is not surprising to read in the biographies of St. Thomas that he was frequently abstracted and in ecstasy. Towards the end of his life the ecstasies became more frequent. On one occasion, at Naples in 1273, after he had completed his treatise on the Eucharist, three of the brethren saw him lifted in ecstasy, and they heard a voice proceeding from the crucifix on the altar, saying "Thou hast written well of me, Thomas; what reward wilt thou have?". Thomas replied, "None other than Thyself, Lord" (Prümmer, op. cit., p. 38). Similar declarations are said to have been made at Orvieto and at Paris.

On 6 December, 1273, he laid aside his pen and would write no more. That day he experienced an unusually long ecstasy during Mass; what was revealed to him we can only surmise from his reply to Father Reginald, who urged him to continue his writings: "I can do no more. Such secrets have been revealed to me that all I have written now appears to be of little value" (modica, Prümmer, op. cit., p. 43). The "Summa theologica" had been completed only as far as the ninetieth question of the third part (De partibus poenitentiae).

Thomas began his immediate preparation for death. Gregory X, having convoked a general council, to open at Lyons on 1 May, 1274, invited St. Thomas and St. Bonaventure to take part in the deliberations, commanding the former to bring to the council his treatise "Contra errores Graecorum" (Against the Errors of the Greeks). He tried to obey, setting out on foot in January, 1274, but strength failed him; he fell to the ground near Terracina, whence he was conducted to the Castle of Maienza the home of his niece the Countess Francesca Ceccano. The Cistercian monks of Fossa Nuova pressed him to accept their hospitality, and he was conveyed to their monastery, on entering which he whispered to his companion: "This is my rest for ever and ever: here will I dwell, for I have chosen it" (Psalm 131:14). When Father Reginald urged him to remain at the castle, the saint replied: "If the Lord wishes to take me away, it is better that I be found in a religious house than in the dwelling of a lay person." The Cistercians were so kind and attentive that Thomas's humility was alarmed. "Whence comes this honour", he exclaimed, "that servants of God should carry wood for my fire!" At the urgent request of the monks he dictated a brief commentary on the Canticle of Canticles.

The end was near; extreme unction was administered. When the Sacred Viaticum was brought into the room he pronounced the following act of faith:

If in this world there be any knowledge of this sacrament stronger than that of faith, I wish now to use it in affirming that I firmly believe and know as certain that Jesus Christ, True God and True Man, Son of God and Son of the Virgin Mary, is in this Sacrament . . . I receive Thee, the price of my redemption, for Whose love I have watched, studied, and laboured. Thee have I preached; Thee have I taught. Never have I said anything against Thee: if anything was not well said, that is to be attributed to my ignorance. Neither do I wish to be obstinate in my opinions, but if I have written anything erroneous concerning this sacrament or other matters, I submit all to the judgment and correction of the Holy Roman Church, in whose obedience I now pass from this life.

He died on 7 March, 1274. Numerous miracles attested his sanctity, and he was canonized by John XXII, 18 July, 1323. The monks of Fossa Nuova were anxious to keep his sacred remains, but by order of Urban V the body was given to his Dominican brethren, and was solemnly translated to the Dominican church at Toulouse, 28 January, 1369. A magnificent shrine erected in 1628 was destroyed during the French Revolution, and the body was removed to the Church of St. Sernin, where it now reposes in a sarcophagus of gold and silver, which was solemnly blessed by Cardinal Desprez on 24 July, 1878. The chief bone of his left arm is preserved in the cathedral of Naples. The right arm, bestowed on the University of Paris, and originally kept in the St. Thomas's Chapel of the Dominican church, is now preserved in the Dominican Church of S. Maria Sopra Minerva in Rome, whither it was transferred during the French Revolution.

A description of the saint as he appeared in life is given by Calo (Prümmer, op. cit., p. 401), who says that his features corresponded with the greatness of his soul. He was of lofty stature and of heavy build, but straight and well proportioned. His complexion was "like the colour of new wheat": his head was large and well shaped, and he was slightly bald. All portraits represent him as noble, meditative, gentle yet strong. St. Pius V proclaimed St. Thomas a Doctor of the Universal Church in the year 1567. In the Encyclical "Aeterni Patris", of 4 August, 1879, on the restoration of Christian philosophy, Leo XIII declared him "the prince and master of all Scholastic doctors". The same illustrious pontiff, by a Brief dated 4 August, 1880, designated him patron of all Catholic universities, academies, colleges, and schools throughout the world.

D.J. KENNEDY
Transcribed by Kevin Cawley

The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume XIV
Copyright © 1912 by Robert Appleton Company
Online Edition Copyright © 2003 by Kevin Knight
Nihil Obstat, July 1, 1912. Remy Lafort, S.T.D., Censor
Imprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York.¹

Saint Thomas d'Aquino was also known as Saint Thomas Aquinas.¹

     Doña Elvira (?) de Castila was born circa 1100.^1,2 She married Roger II (?) King of Sicily, Duke of Calabria, Duke of Apulia, son of Roger I de Hauteville Count of Sicily and Adelaida (?) di Savona, Regent of Sicily, in 1120
; Genealogy.EU (Hauteville page) says m. bef 1118.^1,2,3,6
Doña Elvira (?) de Castila died on 8 February 1135.^1,2,3
      ; Per Racines et Histoire: "3) Roger II «Le Jeune» ° 22/12/1094/95 + 26/02/1154 (Palerme) duc d’Apulie (1097/98, 1127-1154), Prince de Capoue, Salerne, Aversa, Naples, Bénévent et Amalfi, seigneur de Corfou, comte de Tripoli, comte (1105) puis Roi de Sicile (Roger 1er ) (1130-1154, couronné 25/12/1130 par l’anti-pape Anaclet, confirmé par le Pape Innocent II 1139)
ép. 1) ~1118/20 Elvira de Castilla Infante de Castille °~1100/03 + 06-08/02/1135 (fille d’Alphonse VI de Castille)
ép. 2) 1149 Sibylle de Bourgogne ° 1126 + 19/09/1150 (Salerne, en couches) (fille d’Hugues II, duc de Bourgogne)
ép. 3) 1151 Béatrix de Réthel ° ~1135 + 30/03/1185 (fille de Gonthier de Réthel et de Béatrice de Namur.)⁷"

; Per Genealogy.EU: "B1. [3m.] Roger II, Duke of Apulia (1097/98-1154), King of Sicily (1130-54), *22.12.1094/95, +Palermo 26.2.1154; 1m: shortly before 1118 Elvira de Castile (*ca 1100 +8.2.1135); 2m: 1149 Sibylle de Bourgogne (*1126 +1150); 3m: 1151 Beatrix de Rethel (*ca 1135 +30.3.1185.)⁸"

     Beatrice de Rethel was born between 1130 and 1135; Genealogy.EU (Hautvle page) says b. ca 1035; (Rethel 2 page) says b. 1130/2; Rudt-Collenberg says b. 1130.^1,8,2,4 She married Roger II (?) King of Sicily, Duke of Calabria, Duke of Apulia, son of Roger I de Hauteville Count of Sicily and Adelaida (?) di Savona, Regent of Sicily, in 1151
; his 3rd wife.^1,8,2,4,3,9
Beatrice de Rethel died on 31 March 1185; Genealogy.EU (Hautvle and Rethel 2 pages) say d. 30 Mar 1185; Rudt-Collenberg says d. 1185.^1,8,2,4
     ; Per Genealogy.EU: "B1. [3m.] Roger II, Duke of Apulia (1097/98-1154), King of Sicily (1130-54), *22.12.1094/95, +Palermo 26.2.1154; 1m: shortly before 1118 Elvira de Castile (*ca 1100 +8.2.1135); 2m: 1149 Sibylle de Bourgogne (*1126 +1150); 3m: 1151 Beatrix de Rethel (*ca 1135 +30.3.1185.)¹⁰"
; Per Racines et Histoire: "3) Roger II «Le Jeune» ° 22/12/1094/95 + 26/02/1154 (Palerme) duc d’Apulie (1097/98, 1127-1154), Prince de Capoue, Salerne, Aversa, Naples, Bénévent et Amalfi, seigneur de Corfou, comte de Tripoli, comte (1105) puis Roi de Sicile (Roger 1er ) (1130-1154, couronné 25/12/1130 par l’anti-pape Anaclet, confirmé par le Pape Innocent II 1139)
ép. 1) ~1118/20 Elvira de Castilla Infante de Castille °~1100/03 + 06-08/02/1135 (fille d’Alphonse VI de Castille)
ép. 2) 1149 Sibylle de Bourgogne ° 1126 + 19/09/1150 (Salerne, en couches) (fille d’Hugues II, duc de Bourgogne)
ép. 3) 1151 Béatrix de Réthel ° ~1135 + 30/03/1185 (fille de Gonthier de Réthel et de Béatrice de Namur.)¹¹"

; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 4 volumes, Marburg, 1953, 1975., W. K. Prinz von Isenburg, Reference: II 117
2. The Plantagenet Ancestry Baltimore, 1975. , Lt.Col. W. H. Turton, Reference: 36.¹ EDV-24. Beatrice de Rethel was also known as Beatrice de Vitry-Rethel.¹ Beatrice de Rethel was also known as Beatrix de Rethel.²

     Roger III de Hauteville Duke of Apulia, Count of Lecce was born circa 1121.^2,5 He married Isabelle/Elizabeth de Blois de Blois-Champagne, daughter of Thibaud (Theobald) IV «Le Grand» ou « Le Vieux» de Blois comte de Blois, Chartres, Meaux et Troyes, comte de Champagne and Mathilde (Maud) (?) von Sponheim, of Carinthia, between 1139 and 1140
;
Her 1st husband; Racines et Histoire and Med Lands say m. 1140/43.^{9,3,10,11,12,5,7}
Roger III de Hauteville Duke of Apulia, Count of Lecce died on 12 May 1148.^2,9,5
      ; Per Genealogics :
     "Roger was born about 1121, the eldest son of Roger II, king of Sicily, and Elvira of Castile. He makes his first appearance in the chronicles at Melfi in 1129, jointly accepting with his father and younger brother Tancred the fealty of the rebellious peninsular barons. After his investiture as duke of Apulia in 1135, he was perhaps put under the tutelage or guardianship of the Englishman Robert of Selby, a courtier of his father and chancellor of the kingdom of Sicily.
     "Roger took part in his father's campaigns in Apulia, distinguishing himself in the campaign of 1137 against Ranulf of Alife, whom Pope Innocent II and Emperor Lothar von Supplinburg had invested as rival duke of Apulia. His first major engagement was the Battle of Rignano on 30 October, a battle from which more experienced warriors, like his father, fled and some, like Duke Sergius VII of Naples, died. Roger's bravery and success in the first charge at Rignano solidified his martial reputation early.
     "After Ranulf's death in 1139, Apulia was secured, but Innocent and the dispossessed Robert II of Capua began to march on Roger's nominal capital. At Galluccio, Roger ambushed the papal troops with only a thousand knights and captured the pope and his entourage. Three days later, on 25 July at Mignano, Innocent confirmed the elder Roger as king, the younger as duke, and the third son, Alfonso, as prince of Capua - officially severing Robert of Capua from his support. Next, Duke Roger took the city of Naples into his possession and made it an integral part of the kingdom, ending the republican government which had continued after Sergius' death.
     "In 1140, after the promulgation of the king's Assizes of Ariano, the first ducats were minted bearing an effigy of the young duke in battledress beside his father, with their hands on the Cross. The ducat was named after the duchy of Apulia. Roger and Alfonso, the second son Tancred being dead, then moved into the Abruzzi to harass papal lands. At that time, late in 1140, Roger's bride to be, Elisabeth de Champagne, arrived from the court of her father Thibaut IV-II, comte de Blois et Chartres, et Champagne, and Mathilde von Kärnten. They did not have progeny. Roger's most famous consort was his mistress Bianca di Lecce, the daughter of Accardo, conte di Lecce, with whom he had two illegitimate children, Tancred, later king, and Guglielmo. Also in 1140 Richard III of Gaeta died and his duchy was given to Roger.
     "On 2 or 12 May 1148, aged barely thirty, Roger died of an unknown cause in an unknown location. He was mourned by the Arab poet Abu ed-Daw, who said, 'the arms of the brave have fallen...and the eloquent seek for words in vain.' Roger was buried in the chapel of Saint Mary Magdalene next to the old Cathedral of Palermo. He was later transferred to an eponymous chapel now in the barracks of San Giacomo. His successor was his only surviving brother Guglielmo, later king of Sicily."⁵

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag, Marburg, Schwennicke, Detlev (Ed.) 2:206.⁵

; This is the same person as:
"Roger III, Duke of Apulia" at Wikipedia, as
"Roger III d'Apulie" at Wikipédia (Fr.), and as
"Ruggero III di Puglia" at Wikipédia (It.)^4,13,14 Roger III de Hauteville Duke of Apulia, Count of Lecce was also known as Roger Duke of Apulia.⁹

; Per Med Lands:
     "ROGER of Sicily ([1118]-12 May 1148). The Annals of Romoald name (in order) "Rogerium…Tancredum…Anfusium…Guillelmus, Heinricum, filiam unam" as the children of "rex Rogerius" & his first wife, specifying that Roger was later Duke of Apulia[507]. Houben suggests that Roger was born in 1118 in light of his being knighted in Aug 1135, this ceremony normally being conducted at the age of 16[508]. The Chronicle of Romualdo Guarna records that all the cities of Apulia swore homage to "dux…Rogerus…filiisque suis…Rogerio et Tancredo" in Sep 1130[509]. Duke of Apulia 1135, confirmed by Pope Innocent II 25 Jul 1139. Together with his brother Alphonse, he captured Abruzzo in Spring 1140, advancing to Ceprano, the most southerly town of Papal territory. The Annals of Romoald record the death in 1149 of "Rogerius dux Apulie primogenitus [regis Rogerii]"[510], the Annales Casinenses recording the death in 1148[511].
     "m ([1140/43]) as her first husband, ISABELLE de Blois, daughter of THIBAUT IV Comte de Blois & his wife Mathilde von Sponheim [Carinthia] (1130-13 Aug after 1168). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to, but does not name, the third of the six daughters of "comes Campanie Theobaldus" as "quedam ducissa in partibus remotis, hanc postea duxit Guilelmus Goez in dyocesi Carnotensi" specifying that her two daughters were "matrem Gaufridi de Dunzei et Agnetam domnam de Monteforti in Cenomania"[512]. The primary source which confirms her first marriage more precisely has not yet been identified. She returned to France after her husband died and married secondly ([1150/55]) Guillaume [IV] Goët de Montmirail Baron du Perche-Goët. Her second marriage is confirmed by Robert of Torigny which names "Herveus de Juen" as husband of "Guillermus Goeth…primogenitam filiam natam ex una sororem comitis Teobaldi"[513]. The necrology of the Prieuré de Fontaines records the death "13 Aug" of "Domina Elisabeth…monacha, ducissa, soror domine Marie ducisse"[514].
     "Mistress (1): (before [1138]) --- di Lecce, daughter of ACCARDO Conte di Lecce & his wife Matilia ---. Guerrieri refers to "la leggenda assai curiosa degli amori segreti di Sibilla, unica figlia di Roberto conte di Lecce, succeduto a Goffredo figlio di Accardo, col primogenito del re Ruggiero" and adds that "oggi è dichiarata insostenible per la grande confusione di nomi, di fatti e di date, e per gli errori assai evidenti"[515]. Chalandon states that legends surrounding King Tancred´s mother, in which she is variously called "Blanche, Béatrice et Sibille", were first fabricated in the mid-16th century[516]. Hugo Falcandus records that "Tancred and William, the sons of Duke Roger" were born "by a nobly born mother"[517]. Her correct parentage is confirmed by a charter dated May 1190 under which her son "Tancredus…rex Sicilie, ducatus Apulie" transferred Casale Surbo near Lecce to "Emma…abbatissa monasterii Sancti Iohannis monialium Liceii dilecte matertera…nostra"[518], which suggests that his mother was Emma´s sister and so the daughter of Accardo Conte di Lecce. Duke Roger had two illegitimate children by Mistress (1):
Med Lands cites:

; Per Med Lands:
     "--- di Lecce . Guerrieri refers to "la leggenda assai curiosa degli amori segreti di Sibilla, unica figlia di Roberto conte di Lecce, succeduto a Goffredo figlio di Accardo, col primogenito del re Ruggiero" and adds that "oggi è dichiarata insostenible per la grande confusione di nomi, di fatti e di date, e per gli errori assai evidenti"[1141]. Chalandon states that legends surrounding King Tancred’s mother, in which she is variously called "Blanche, Béatrice et Sibille", were first fabricated in the mid-16th century[1142]. Hugo Falcandus records that "Tancred and William, the sons of Duke Roger" were born "by a nobly born mother"[1143]. Her correct parentage is confirmed by a charter dated May 1190 under which her son "Tancredus…rex Sicilie, ducatus Apulie" transferred Casale Surbo near Lecce to "Emma…abbatissa monasterii Sancti Iohannis monialium Liceii dilecte matertera…nostra"[1144], which suggests that his mother was Emma´s sister and so the daughter of Accardo Conte di Lecce.
     "Mistress (before [1138]) of ROGER Duke of Apulia, son of ROGER II King of Sicily & his first wife Infanta doña Elvira de Castilla ([1121]-12 May 1148)."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Racines et Histoire (Blois): "Isabelle de Blois ° 1130
     ép. 1) 1140/43 duc Roger de Hauteville, duc d’Apulie ° 1121 + 12/05/1148 (fils de Roger II, Roi de Sicile et de l’infante doña Elvira de Castilla)
     ép. 2) 1150/55 Guillaume IV Goët de Montmirail, baron du Perche-Go(u)ët + ~1170.¹⁶ "
; Per Genealogy.EU: "F7. Isabelle de Blois, *1130; 1m: 1139/40 Duke Roger of Apulia (+1148); 2m: 1150/5 Guillaume Goet IV de Montmirail, Baron du Perche-Gouet (+ca 1170.)¹⁷" He was Duke of Apulia and Calabria between 1135 and 1148.⁴

; Mistress of Roger III.¹⁵

     ; Per Med Lands:
     "ROGER of Sicily ([1118]-12 May 1148). The Annals of Romoald name (in order) "Rogerium…Tancredum…Anfusium…Guillelmus, Heinricum, filiam unam" as the children of "rex Rogerius" & his first wife, specifying that Roger was later Duke of Apulia[507]. Houben suggests that Roger was born in 1118 in light of his being knighted in Aug 1135, this ceremony normally being conducted at the age of 16[508]. The Chronicle of Romualdo Guarna records that all the cities of Apulia swore homage to "dux…Rogerus…filiisque suis…Rogerio et Tancredo" in Sep 1130[509]. Duke of Apulia 1135, confirmed by Pope Innocent II 25 Jul 1139. Together with his brother Alphonse, he captured Abruzzo in Spring 1140, advancing to Ceprano, the most southerly town of Papal territory. The Annals of Romoald record the death in 1149 of "Rogerius dux Apulie primogenitus [regis Rogerii]"[510], the Annales Casinenses recording the death in 1148[511].
     "m ([1140/43]) as her first husband, ISABELLE de Blois, daughter of THIBAUT IV Comte de Blois & his wife Mathilde von Sponheim [Carinthia] (1130-13 Aug after 1168). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to, but does not name, the third of the six daughters of "comes Campanie Theobaldus" as "quedam ducissa in partibus remotis, hanc postea duxit Guilelmus Goez in dyocesi Carnotensi" specifying that her two daughters were "matrem Gaufridi de Dunzei et Agnetam domnam de Monteforti in Cenomania"[512]. The primary source which confirms her first marriage more precisely has not yet been identified. She returned to France after her husband died and married secondly ([1150/55]) Guillaume [IV] Goët de Montmirail Baron du Perche-Goët. Her second marriage is confirmed by Robert of Torigny which names "Herveus de Juen" as husband of "Guillermus Goeth…primogenitam filiam natam ex una sororem comitis Teobaldi"[513]. The necrology of the Prieuré de Fontaines records the death "13 Aug" of "Domina Elisabeth…monacha, ducissa, soror domine Marie ducisse"[514].
     "Mistress (1): (before [1138]) --- di Lecce, daughter of ACCARDO Conte di Lecce & his wife Matilia ---. Guerrieri refers to "la leggenda assai curiosa degli amori segreti di Sibilla, unica figlia di Roberto conte di Lecce, succeduto a Goffredo figlio di Accardo, col primogenito del re Ruggiero" and adds that "oggi è dichiarata insostenible per la grande confusione di nomi, di fatti e di date, e per gli errori assai evidenti"[515]. Chalandon states that legends surrounding King Tancred´s mother, in which she is variously called "Blanche, Béatrice et Sibille", were first fabricated in the mid-16th century[516]. Hugo Falcandus records that "Tancred and William, the sons of Duke Roger" were born "by a nobly born mother"[517]. Her correct parentage is confirmed by a charter dated May 1190 under which her son "Tancredus…rex Sicilie, ducatus Apulie" transferred Casale Surbo near Lecce to "Emma…abbatissa monasterii Sancti Iohannis monialium Liceii dilecte matertera…nostra"[518], which suggests that his mother was Emma´s sister and so the daughter of Accardo Conte di Lecce. Duke Roger had two illegitimate children by Mistress (1):
Med Lands cites:

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: II 206.²

; Per Med Lands:
     "--- di Lecce . Guerrieri refers to "la leggenda assai curiosa degli amori segreti di Sibilla, unica figlia di Roberto conte di Lecce, succeduto a Goffredo figlio di Accardo, col primogenito del re Ruggiero" and adds that "oggi è dichiarata insostenible per la grande confusione di nomi, di fatti e di date, e per gli errori assai evidenti"[1141]. Chalandon states that legends surrounding King Tancred’s mother, in which she is variously called "Blanche, Béatrice et Sibille", were first fabricated in the mid-16th century[1142]. Hugo Falcandus records that "Tancred and William, the sons of Duke Roger" were born "by a nobly born mother"[1143]. Her correct parentage is confirmed by a charter dated May 1190 under which her son "Tancredus…rex Sicilie, ducatus Apulie" transferred Casale Surbo near Lecce to "Emma…abbatissa monasterii Sancti Iohannis monialium Liceii dilecte matertera…nostra"[1144], which suggests that his mother was Emma´s sister and so the daughter of Accardo Conte di Lecce.
     "Mistress (before [1138]) of ROGER Duke of Apulia, son of ROGER II King of Sicily & his first wife Infanta doña Elvira de Castilla ([1121]-12 May 1148)."
Med Lands cites:

; Mistress of Roger III.³

     Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: II 206.¹

     Guillaume I "le Mauvais" de Hauteville King of Sicily was born between 1120 and 1122 at Palermo, Città Metropolitana di Palermo, Sicilia, Italy;
Genealogy.EU says b. 1126; Wikipedia says b 1120/21; Find A Grave says b. 1122.^1,6,7 He married Margarita (?) de Navarre, daughter of Garcia IV/VI Ramirez "el Restaurador" (?) King of Navarre and Marguerite de L'Aigle Queen Consort of Navarre, in 1150.^1,8,9,2

Guillaume I "le Mauvais" de Hauteville King of Sicily died on 7 May 1166 at Palermo, Città Metropolitana di Palermo, Sicilia, Italy; Find A Grave says d. 14 May 1166; Wikipedia says d. 07 May 1166; Genealogics says d. 7 May 1166.^4,1,7,6,2
Guillaume I "le Mauvais" de Hauteville King of Sicily was buried after 7 May 1166 at Duomo di Monreale, Monreale, Città Metropolitana di Palermo, Sicilia, Italy; From Find A Grave:
     BIRTH     1122, Palermo, Città Metropolitana di Palermo, Sicilia, Italy
     DEATH     14 May 1166 (aged 43–44), Palermo, Città Metropolitana di Palermo, Sicilia, Italy
     Sicilian Monarch. The fourth son of Roger II and his first wife Elvira, he was married to Margaret of Navarra who bore him four sons between 1152 and 1158. In 1151 he became his fathers co-regent and succeeded him in 1154. Supported by the Pope, the Byzantine Emperor and the Holy Roman Emperor the sicilian nobles revolted against him several times. In March 1160 William, his wife and their children were arrested in their palace in Palermo. The nobles wanted to put his oldest son Roger on the throne but he was killed in the attack of the palace. The imprisonment didn't last long and after being released he was able to recover his power and crushed the rebellion. He was first buried at the Capella Palatina in Palermo but was later moved to Monreale. Bio by: Lutetia
     Family Members
     Parents
          Roger of Sicily 1095–1154
          Elvira of Leon and Castile 1102–1135
     Spouse
          Margaret Of Navarre 1128–1183
     Siblings
          Constance of Sicily 1154–1198
     Children
          Roger Hauteville 1152–1161
          William II 1154–1189
          Henry Hauteville 1158–1172
     BURIAL     Cathedral of Monreale, Monreale, Città Metropolitana di Palermo, Sicilia, Italy
     Maintained by: Find A Grave
     Originally Created by: Lutetia
     Added: 9 Mar 2007
     Find A Grave Memorial 18308093.⁶
     Guillaume I "le Mauvais" de Hauteville King of Sicily was also known as Guglielmo I King of Sicily.² Guillaume I "le Mauvais" de Hauteville King of Sicily was also known as William I "the Bad" King of Sicily.^4,10,1 He was King of Sicily - William I, continuing Roger's policy, defeated (1156) the Byzantine allies of Pope Adrian IV and compelled Adrian to recognize his title in Sicily, Apulia, Naples, Amalfi, and Salerno. He supported Pope Alexander III against Frederick I. between 1154 and 1166.¹