Person Page - 228

     Dirk III Hierosolymita (?) Count of Holland married Ulfhilde (?) of Franconia, daughter of Otto (?) Herzog von Kärnten; Graf im Wormsgau.⁸
Dirk III Hierosolymita (?) Count of Holland married Othelindis (?) von der Nordmark, daughter of Bernard I von Haldensleben Markgraf der Nordmark.^1,5,6,9,10
Dirk III Hierosolymita (?) Count of Holland was born circa 985 at Ghent, Flanders, Belgium (now); Genealogics says b. ca 982; Genealogy.EU says d. ca 985; Med Lands says b. 981-990.^1,2,6
Dirk III Hierosolymita (?) Count of Holland died on 27 May 1039.^1,5,6
     GAV-26 EDV-26.

Reference: Genealogics cites: Genealogie der Graven van Holland Zaltbommel, 1969. , Dr. A. W. E. Dek, Reference: 12.⁵

; Per Genealogics:
     “Son of Arnulf, count of Holland, and Liutgard of Luxemburg, Dirk III ruled for 46 years. He was a member of the Gerulfingian dynasty (the house of Holland), an important family within Germany at that time. His mother was regent in West-Friesland from 993 to 1005 and was the sister-in-law of Heinrich II, Holy Roman Emperor. Dirk married Othelhildis, daughter of Bernhard I, Markgraf von Nortmark, and they had two sons, Dirk IV and Floris I. Floris was to succeed his brother Dirk as count of Holland.
     “Prior to 1101 the county of Holland was known as West Friesland. Dirk's actual title was Count in Friesland. West Friesland was very different from the area (North and South Holland) of today. Most of the territory was swamp where few people lived. The main habitation was in the dunes of the coast and the river valleys.
     “Prior to 1018 Dirk was a powerless vassal of Heinrich II, but his fiefdom was in a strategically important location. Utrecht, situated in the Rhine delta, was the largest trading town of the German kings and traders had to sail through Dirk's territories, via the Rhine and Vecht rivers, in order to reach the North Sea. The German kings and emperors were frequently resident in Utrecht and the estate of Nijmegen. Some of them died there.
     “Dirk built his stronghold in Vlaardingen. He was not permitted to hinder trade in any way but eventually he defied imperial rule by levying tolls. He appeared to have supported highwaymen who caused great trouble for the farmers by forcing them to pay protection money, as well as the merchants by creating a post to collect tolls from them on their way to England. Merchants from the town of Tiel sent alarmed messages about acts of violence against them by Dirk's men. The German emperor decided to end Dirk's reign and awarded his lands to the bishop of Utrecht. A large imperial army then headed for Vlaardingen. However, it was quite ineffectual in the marshes of Holland. It was decimated and robbed, and its general, Duke Godfrey II of Lower Lorraine (965-1023), was imprisoned and only released after he swore he would not return to avenge his defeat. While these 'Friesians' did not like their counts, outside interference was resented even more. Following his victory, Dirk was permitted to keep his realm and continued to levy tolls.
     “Dirk died on 27 May 1039. After his death the imperial army returned on a few occasions seeking to reclaim the lands held by the Friesian counts. The powerful Robert I, count of Flanders, helped Dirk V, great-grandson of Dirk III and Robert's stepson, to restore Friesland to the counts.”.⁵

; This is the same person as:
”Dirk III, Count of Holland” at Wikipedia, as
”Thierry III de Frise occidentale” at Wikipédia (Fr.),
and as ”Dirk III (graaf)” at Wikipedia (De.)^11,12,13 Dirk III Hierosolymita (?) Count of Holland was also known as Dietrich III (?) Count of Holland.¹⁴

; Per Genealogy.EU (Holland 1): “B1. Ct Dirk III Hierosolymita of Holland (993-1039), *Gent ca 985, +27.5.1039; m.Othelindis (*Schweinfurt ca 993, +9.3.1044) dau.of Mgve Bernhard I von der Nordmark”.¹⁵

; Per Med Lands:
     "DIRK, son of ARNULF Count of Holland & his wife Liutgard de Luxembourg ([981/90]-27 May 1039). The Annales Egmundani name "Theodricus III filius eius [=Arnulfi comitis]" when recording that he succeeded his father[305]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke names (in order) "Theodricum succedentem comitem…et Sifridum sive Sicconem presidem" as the children of Count Dirk III & his wife[306]. He succeeded his father in 993 as DIRK III Count of Holland. "Theodericus comes cum matre sua Lietgarda" donated "alodum suum situm secus fluvium Scaldum in pago Gandensi seu Tornacensi in vulla Rucga" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "patris sui Arnulfi", by charter dated 20 Sep 995[307]. Count Dirk III had a stronghold in Vlaardingen, usurped property belonging to the bishop of Utrecht in the Vlaardingen area, and introduced a toll on ships passing along the river Merwede to Tiel without the consent of the emperor or the bishop[308]. Thietmar records that "Dietrich the empress's nephew" attacked Adalbold Bishop of Utrecht in 1018, before his forces were attacked by the Frisians and suffered numerous casualties[309]. "Thiederici Fresoniæ" witnessed a donation of property dated "Id Sep 1024" by "Hildigunda abbatissa de Gesike" and one dated "18 Kal Oct [1029]" by "Brun comes cum uxore sua Ida"[310]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "1039 VI Kal Iun" of "tercius Theodericus Hollandie…comes"[311].
     "m OTHELINDIS, daughter of --- (-in Saxony 9 Mar [1043/44], bur in Saxony). The Annales Egmundani name "Othelhildis comitissa" as wife of "Theodericus comes quartus [Hollandensium]" but do not give her origin[312]. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[313], she was Othelindis von Haldensleben, daughter of Bernhard I Markgraf der Nordmark Graf von Haldensleben, but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the marriage of "Theodericus…tercius…comes Hollandie" and "Utilhildim filiam…ducis Saxonie"[314]. The corresponding duke of Saxony would have been the Billung Duke Bernhard I (who died in 1011). However, if Duke Bernhard was Othelindis's father, the wife of Count Dirk III's son Count Floris would have been his first cousin on his mother's side, which seems unlikely to be correct. "Theodericus…Holtlandensis comes…Florentii filius" recites the ownership history of properties claimed by the church of Utrecht in Holland, including donations by "Theodericus tertius, predicti Arnulfi filius, cum coniuge sua Othelhildis", by spurious charter dated 26 Jul 1083, probably written in [1130][315]. The Annales Egmundani record the death in 1044 of "Othilhildis comitissa"[316]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records that "Othilhildis…comitissa" returned to Saxony after her husband died, and that she died there "1043 VII Id Mai" and was buried there[317]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "1043 VII Id Mar" of "Othelhildis comitissa rediens ad Saxoniam"[318]."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Med Lands:
     "[OTHELINDIS (-in Saxony 9 Mar [1043/44], bur in Saxony). The Annales Egmundani name "Othelhildis comitissa" as wife of "Theodericus comes quartus [Hollandensium]" but do not give her origin[15]. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[16], the wife of Count Dirk III was the daughter of Bernhard I Markgraf der Nordmark Graf von Haldensleben, but the primary source on which this is based has not so far been identified. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the marriage of "Theodericus…tercius…comes Hollandie" and "Utilhildim filiam…ducis Saxonie"[17]. The corresponding duke of Saxony would have been the Billung Duke Bernhard I (who died in 1011). However, if Duke Bernhard was Othelindis's father, the wife of Count Dirk III's son Count Floris would have been his first cousin on his mother's side, which seems unlikely to be correct. "Theodericus…Holtlandensis comes…Florentii filius" recites the ownership history of properties claimed by the church of Utrecht in Holland, including donations by "Theodericus tertius, predicti Arnulfi filius, cum coniuge sua Othelhildis", by spurious charter dated 26 Jul 1083, probably written in [1130][18]. The Annales Egmundani record the death in 1044 of "Othilhildis comitissa"[19]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records that "Othilhildis…comitissa" returned to Saxony after her husband died, and that she died there "1043 VII Id Mai" and was buried there[20]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "1043 VII Id Mar" of "Othelhildis comitissa rediens ad Saxoniam"[21].
     "m DIRK III Count of Holland, son of ARNULF Count of Holland & his wife Liutgard de Luxembourg (-27 May 1039).]"
Med Lands cites: He was Count of Holland between 993 and 1039.^1,2

     Ulfhilde (?) of Franconia married Dirk III Hierosolymita (?) Count of Holland, son of Arnulf I 'Gandensis' (?) Count of Holland and West Friesland and Liutgard (?) de Luxembourg.¹
Ulfhilde (?) of Franconia was born in 993.²
Ulfhilde (?) of Franconia died in 1044.¹
Ulfhilde (?) of Franconia died in 1044.²
     Ulfhilde (?) of Franconia was also known as Otehilde (?) of Germany.

     Isabelle (?) married Sir Stephen le Scrope, son of Sir Geoffrey le Scrope of Masham and Ivetta de Ros.¹
Isabelle (?) was born circa 1320.
Isabelle (?) died after 1359.
     GAV-19 EDV-17.

Reference: Christou Gedcom.²

     Arnulf I 'Gandensis' (?) Count of Holland and West Friesland was born circa 950 at Ghent, Arrondissement Gent, East Flanders (Oost-Vlaanderen), Belgium; Genealogy.EU says b. ca 955; Genealogics says b. ca 950; Med Lands says b. 950/55.^1,2,7,11 He married Liutgard (?) de Luxembourg, daughter of Siegfried (?) Graf 'von Luxemburg' and Hedwig (?) Countess of Luxembourg, in May 980
; Med Lands says betrothed 980.^{1,3,6,7,12,13}
Arnulf I 'Gandensis' (?) Count of Holland and West Friesland died on 18 September 993 at Winkel (Hollands Kroon), North Holland, Netherlands (now); killed in battle.^1,6
Arnulf I 'Gandensis' (?) Count of Holland and West Friesland was buried after 18 September 993 at Egmond Abbey, Egmond aan den Hoef, Bergen Municipality, Noord-Holland, Netherlands; From Find A Grave:
     BIRTH     unknown, Ghent, Arrondissement Gent, East Flanders (Oost-Vlaanderen), Belgium
     DEATH     unknown, Friesland, Netherlands
[Text copied from Wikipedia without attribution]
     Family Members
     Parents
          Dirk II Count of Holland unknown–988
          Hildegarde of Flanders
     Spouse
          Luitgarda of Luxemburg 955–1005
     Children
          Dirk III of Holland unknown–1039
          Adelina Of Holland unknown–1045
     BURIAL     Egmond Abbey, Egmond aan den Hoef, Bergen Municipality, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
     Created by: Mad
     Added: 7 May 2012
     Find a Grave Memorial 89744123.¹¹
      ; Per Genealogics:
     "Arnulf was the son of Dirk II, count of Holland, and Hildegard of Flanders. His year of birth is unknown, and while it is thought that he was born in Ghent, this is not certain. He was mentioned in records from 26 October 970 onwards.
     "In 980 he married Liutgard de Luxembourg, daughter of Siegfried, Graf 'von Luxemburg' and the sister-in-law of Heinrich II, Holy Roman Emperor. Arnulf and Liutgard had two sons, of whom Dirk would have progeny.
     "Arnulf extended his territories southwards but died in battle against the Friesians on 18 September 993. He was succeeded by his son Dirk, who would rule Holland as Dirk III for 46 years."² GAV-27 EDV-27 GKJ-29.

; This is the same person as:
"Arnulf, Count of Holland" at Wikipedia and as
"Arnould de Frise occidentale" at Wikipédia (Fr.)^14,15

Reference: Genealogics cites: Genealogie der Graven van Holland Zaltbommel, 1969. , Dr. A. W. E. Dek, Reference: 11.⁶ Arnulf I 'Gandensis' (?) Count of Holland and West Friesland was also known as Arnould (?) Comte de Frise occidentale.¹⁵ Arnulf I 'Gandensis' (?) Count of Holland and West Friesland was also known as Arnulf I (?) de Gand.¹⁶

; Per Racines et Histoire (Luxembourg): "Liutgard de Luxembourg ° ~965/70 (Bruxelles) + un 14/05 après 1005
     ép. entre 05 & 08/980 (fiançailles 980) Arnulf 1er, comte de Hollande et de West Frise +X 18/09/993 (Winckel) (fils de Dirk II et d’Hildegarde de Flandres.)¹⁷"

; Per Genealogy.EU (Holland 1): "A1. Ct Arnulf of West-Friesland (988-993), *Gent ca 955, +k.a.on Maas 18.9.993, bur Egmond; m.V.980 Liutgard of Luxemburg (*ca 962, +14.5.1005)"


Per Genealogy.EU (Luxemburg 3): "A9. Liutgard, *Brussel ca 962, +14.5.1005; m.V-VIII.980 Ct Arnulf I of Holland/West Frisia (+18.9.993.)^18,19"

; Per Med Lands:
     "ARNULF ([Gent] [950/55]-killed in battle Winkel, West-Friesland 18 Sep 993, bur Egmond). The Annales Egmundani name "Arnulfus filius eius [=Theoderici II comitis]" when recording that he succeeded his father[261]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke names (in order) "Arnulfum comitem, Egbertum Treverensem archiepiscopum ac Arlindam puellam" as the children of Count Dirk II & his wife[262]. "Arnulfi comitum" subscribed a charter dated 29 Jun [955/64], signing directly after "Theoderici comitis"[263]. "Theoderico comite et Arnulfo filio eius, Folberto advocato…Ingelberto advocato…" signed the charter dated 26 Oct 970 under which "Mathelgodus et uxor sua Ingelswindis" donated "hereditatem sue possessionis in loco…Wessingim…Siringim…in pago Bracbantensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[264]. "…Hecberto et Arnulfo filiis ipsius Theoderici…" signed the charter dated 2 Oct 974 under which "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" donated "in villa Haleftra in pago Mempesco sita" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[265]. "Arnulpho filio Theoderici comitis" is named in a charter dated 30 Sep 975, subscribed by "Arnulfi filii eorum [Theoderici et Hildegardis]"[266]. "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" and "Hecberto et Arnulfo filiis ipsius Theoderici" are named in a charter dated Oct [967/79][267]. "Arnulfus filius Theoderici comitis et Arnulfus filius Hildwini" donated "in pago Taruennensis…in Rumingehim et in Keremberg, in pago Flandrensi…in Uckesham et super Gersta" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, at the request of "Everardi et filii eius Baldwini nepotis sui", by charter dated 4 Mar 981, signed by "Arnulfi junioris…marchysi, Theoderici comitis…Ingelberti advocati…"[268]. "…Theoderico comite, Arnulfo comite…" signed the charter dated 1 Apr 988 under which "Baldwinus marchysus cum matre sua Susanna" donated "villam Aflingehem…jacentem in pago Tornacinse" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, after the death of "Arnulfi marchysi"[269]. He succeeded his father in 988 as ARNULF Count of Holland. "Arnulfi comitum" subscribed a charter dated 20 May 988[270], the first charter included in the compilation which he signed without his father. He was killed in battle against the Frisians[271], although this is doubted by de Boer & Cordfunke who suggest that he was killed at the mouth of the river Rhine as the quarrels with the West Frisians started much later[272]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the death in battle "Winckel apud pagum Westfrisie…993 XIV Kal Oct" of "Arnulfus comes" and his burial at Egmond[273].
     "m (Betrothed 980) LIUTGARD de Luxembourg, daughter of SIEGFRIED Count [of Luxembourg] & his wife Hedwig --- ([965/70]-14 May, after 1005, bur Egmond). The Annales Egmundani name "Lutgarda comitissa" as wife of "Arnulphus comes tertius [Hollandensium]" but do not give her origin, specifying in a later passage that they were "legally" betrothed in 980 at "coram rege Ottone"[274]. Her origin is indicated by Thietmar who names "the queen's sister Liudgard", recording that "the king attacked the Frisians with a fleet…to placate [her] fury", dated to [May/Jun] 1005 from the context of the text[275]. Her origin is confirmed by the necrology of Ranshofen which records the death "III Id May" of "Liukart com soror Chunigundis imperatricis"[276]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records that the wife of "Arnulfus tercius comes Hollandie" was "Lutgardim, filiam Theophani…imperatoris Grecorum et sororum Theophane imperatoris"[277], but this is clearly inconsistent with all other primary sources consulted. "Theodericus comes cum matre sua Lietgarda" donated "alodum suum situm secus fluvium Scaldum in pago Gandensi seu Tornacensi in vulla Rucga" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "patris sui Arnulfi", by charter dated 20 Sep 995[278]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the death "II Id Mai" of "Lutgardis…sua collateralis" and her burial at Egmond[279]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "pridie Id Mai" of "Lutgairdis uxor eius [Arnulfi comitis] filia regis Grecorum"[280]. According to the Preface of Vitæ Heinrici et Cunegundis Imperatores, "Liukart comitissa, soror Chunigundis imperatricis, obiit II Non Iulii"[281], but this date is inconsistent with other primary sources."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Med Lands:
     "LIUTGARD ([965/70]-14 May after 1005, bur Egmond). Thietmar names "the queen's sister Liudgard", recording that "the king attacked the Frisians with a fleet…to placate [her] fury", dated to [May/Jun] 1005 from the context of the text[43]. The Annales Egmundani name "Lutgarda comitissa" as wife of "Arnulphus comes tertius [Hollandensium]" but do not give her origin, specifying in a later passage that they were "legally" betrothed in 980 at "coram rege Ottone"[44]. Her origin is confirmed by the necrology of Ranshofen which records the death "III Id May" of "Liukart com soror Chunigundis imperatricis"[45]. Her betrothal date suggests that she was one of Siegfried's older children, maybe born [965/70]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the death "II Id Mai" of "Lutgardis…sua collateralis" and her burial at Egmond[46]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "pridie Id Mai" of "Lutgairdis uxor eius [Arnulfi comitis] filia regis Grecorum"[47]. According to the Preface of Vitæ Heinrici et Cunegundis Imperatores, "Liukart comitissa, soror Chunigundis imperatricis, obiit II Non Iulii"[48], but this date is inconsistent with other primary sources.
     "m (Betrothed 980) ARNULF Count of Holland, son of DIRK II Count of Holland & his wife Hildegarde [de Flandre] ([950]-killed in battle Winckel 18 Sep 993, bur Egmond)."
Med Lands cites: He was Comte en Frise occidentale
Per Wikipédia (Fr.): "Liste des comtes de Hollande
     "988-993 : Arnould (v.951 † 993), fils du précédent
     marié en 980 à Liutgarde, fille de Sigefroid, comte de Luxembourg" between 988 and 993.²⁰

     Liutgard (?) de Luxembourg was born circa 962 at Brussels, Belgium (now); Genealogy.EU says b. ca 962; Med Lands says b. 965/70.^1,10,11,4 She married Arnulf I 'Gandensis' (?) Count of Holland and West Friesland, son of Dirk II (?) Graaf van Holland and Hildegard (?) Comtesse de Flandres, in May 980
; Med Lands says betrothed 980.^{10,11,12,13,3,4}
Liutgard (?) de Luxembourg died on 14 May 1005; Leo van de Pas says d. aft 20 Sep 995; Genealogy.EU (Luxemburg 3 and Holland 1 pages) say d. 14 May 1005.^1,10,2
Liutgard (?) de Luxembourg was buried after 14 May 1005 at Egmond Abbey, Egmond aan den Hoef, Bergen Municipality, Noord-Holland, Netherlands; From Find A Grave:
     BIRTH     955, Luxembourg, Belgium
     DEATH     14 May 1005 (aged 49–50), Egmond aan den Hoef, Bergen Municipality, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
     Lutgardis of Luxembourg, was born about 955 and died May 14, 1005, was a daughter of Siegfried of Luxembourg and Hedwig of Nordgau. Her sister was Cunigunde of Luxembourg. She married Arnulf, Count of Holland. They had three children:
     Luitgarda was the sister-in-law of Emperor Henry II, she enjoyed considerable influence. With his help she managed to maintain the county for her son Dirk III, acting as regent. On 20 September 993, Liutgard donated her properties at Rugge to Saint Peter's abbey of Ghent for the soul of her husband. According to Thietmar's Chronicle, she made peace with the West-Frisians through mediation by Emperor Henry. The date of Lutgardis' death is not clear in view of conflicting sources including Annales Egmundani. She was buried in Egmond.
     Family Members
     Parents
          Sigfried (Siegfried) von Luxemburg 922–998
          Hedwig d'Alsace-Nordgau Luxemburg 937–994
     Spouse
          Arnulf of Holland
     Siblings
          Judith Von Luxembourg unknown–1032
     Children
          Dirk III of Holland unknown–1039
          Adelina Of Holland unknown–1045
     BURIAL     Egmond Abbey, Egmond aan den Hoef, Bergen Municipality, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
     Created by: Mad
     Added: 7 May 2012
     Find a Grave Memorial 89746599.¹⁴
      ; Per Med Lands:
     "ARNULF ([Gent] [950/55]-killed in battle Winkel, West-Friesland 18 Sep 993, bur Egmond). The Annales Egmundani name "Arnulfus filius eius [=Theoderici II comitis]" when recording that he succeeded his father[261]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke names (in order) "Arnulfum comitem, Egbertum Treverensem archiepiscopum ac Arlindam puellam" as the children of Count Dirk II & his wife[262]. "Arnulfi comitum" subscribed a charter dated 29 Jun [955/64], signing directly after "Theoderici comitis"[263]. "Theoderico comite et Arnulfo filio eius, Folberto advocato…Ingelberto advocato…" signed the charter dated 26 Oct 970 under which "Mathelgodus et uxor sua Ingelswindis" donated "hereditatem sue possessionis in loco…Wessingim…Siringim…in pago Bracbantensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[264]. "…Hecberto et Arnulfo filiis ipsius Theoderici…" signed the charter dated 2 Oct 974 under which "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" donated "in villa Haleftra in pago Mempesco sita" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[265]. "Arnulpho filio Theoderici comitis" is named in a charter dated 30 Sep 975, subscribed by "Arnulfi filii eorum [Theoderici et Hildegardis]"[266]. "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" and "Hecberto et Arnulfo filiis ipsius Theoderici" are named in a charter dated Oct [967/79][267]. "Arnulfus filius Theoderici comitis et Arnulfus filius Hildwini" donated "in pago Taruennensis…in Rumingehim et in Keremberg, in pago Flandrensi…in Uckesham et super Gersta" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, at the request of "Everardi et filii eius Baldwini nepotis sui", by charter dated 4 Mar 981, signed by "Arnulfi junioris…marchysi, Theoderici comitis…Ingelberti advocati…"[268]. "…Theoderico comite, Arnulfo comite…" signed the charter dated 1 Apr 988 under which "Baldwinus marchysus cum matre sua Susanna" donated "villam Aflingehem…jacentem in pago Tornacinse" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, after the death of "Arnulfi marchysi"[269]. He succeeded his father in 988 as ARNULF Count of Holland. "Arnulfi comitum" subscribed a charter dated 20 May 988[270], the first charter included in the compilation which he signed without his father. He was killed in battle against the Frisians[271], although this is doubted by de Boer & Cordfunke who suggest that he was killed at the mouth of the river Rhine as the quarrels with the West Frisians started much later[272]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the death in battle "Winckel apud pagum Westfrisie…993 XIV Kal Oct" of "Arnulfus comes" and his burial at Egmond[273].
     "m (Betrothed 980) LIUTGARD de Luxembourg, daughter of SIEGFRIED Count [of Luxembourg] & his wife Hedwig --- ([965/70]-14 May, after 1005, bur Egmond). The Annales Egmundani name "Lutgarda comitissa" as wife of "Arnulphus comes tertius [Hollandensium]" but do not give her origin, specifying in a later passage that they were "legally" betrothed in 980 at "coram rege Ottone"[274]. Her origin is indicated by Thietmar who names "the queen's sister Liudgard", recording that "the king attacked the Frisians with a fleet…to placate [her] fury", dated to [May/Jun] 1005 from the context of the text[275]. Her origin is confirmed by the necrology of Ranshofen which records the death "III Id May" of "Liukart com soror Chunigundis imperatricis"[276]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records that the wife of "Arnulfus tercius comes Hollandie" was "Lutgardim, filiam Theophani…imperatoris Grecorum et sororum Theophane imperatoris"[277], but this is clearly inconsistent with all other primary sources consulted. "Theodericus comes cum matre sua Lietgarda" donated "alodum suum situm secus fluvium Scaldum in pago Gandensi seu Tornacensi in vulla Rucga" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "patris sui Arnulfi", by charter dated 20 Sep 995[278]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the death "II Id Mai" of "Lutgardis…sua collateralis" and her burial at Egmond[279]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "pridie Id Mai" of "Lutgairdis uxor eius [Arnulfi comitis] filia regis Grecorum"[280]. According to the Preface of Vitæ Heinrici et Cunegundis Imperatores, "Liukart comitissa, soror Chunigundis imperatricis, obiit II Non Iulii"[281], but this date is inconsistent with other primary sources."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Genealogy.EU (Holland 1): "A1. Ct Arnulf of West-Friesland (988-993), *Gent ca 955, +k.a.on Maas 18.9.993, bur Egmond; m.V.980 Liutgard of Luxemburg (*ca 962, +14.5.1005)"


Per Genealogy.EU (Luxemburg 3): "A9. Liutgard, *Brussel ca 962, +14.5.1005; m.V-VIII.980 Ct Arnulf I of Holland/West Frisia (+18.9.993.)^15,16"

; Per Racines et Histoire (Luxembourg): "Liutgard de Luxembourg ° ~965/70 (Bruxelles) + un 14/05 après 1005
     ép. entre 05 & 08/980 (fiançailles 980) Arnulf 1er, comte de Hollande et de West Frise +X 18/09/993 (Winckel) (fils de Dirk II et d’Hildegarde de Flandres.)¹⁷" Liutgard (?) de Luxembourg was also known as Luitgarde (?) de Cleves.¹⁸

; This is the same person as:
"Lutgardis of Luxemburg" at Wikipedia and as
"Luitgarde de Luxembourg" at Wikipédia (Fr.)^19,20

Reference: Genealogics cites: Genealogie der Graven van Holland Zaltbommel, 1969. , Dr. A. W. E. Dek, Reference: 11.³ GAV-27 EDV-27 GKJ-29.

; Per Med Lands:
     "LIUTGARD ([965/70]-14 May after 1005, bur Egmond). Thietmar names "the queen's sister Liudgard", recording that "the king attacked the Frisians with a fleet…to placate [her] fury", dated to [May/Jun] 1005 from the context of the text[43]. The Annales Egmundani name "Lutgarda comitissa" as wife of "Arnulphus comes tertius [Hollandensium]" but do not give her origin, specifying in a later passage that they were "legally" betrothed in 980 at "coram rege Ottone"[44]. Her origin is confirmed by the necrology of Ranshofen which records the death "III Id May" of "Liukart com soror Chunigundis imperatricis"[45]. Her betrothal date suggests that she was one of Siegfried's older children, maybe born [965/70]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the death "II Id Mai" of "Lutgardis…sua collateralis" and her burial at Egmond[46]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "pridie Id Mai" of "Lutgairdis uxor eius [Arnulfi comitis] filia regis Grecorum"[47]. According to the Preface of Vitæ Heinrici et Cunegundis Imperatores, "Liukart comitissa, soror Chunigundis imperatricis, obiit II Non Iulii"[48], but this date is inconsistent with other primary sources.
     "m (Betrothed 980) ARNULF Count of Holland, son of DIRK II Count of Holland & his wife Hildegarde [de Flandre] ([950]-killed in battle Winckel 18 Sep 993, bur Egmond)."
Med Lands cites:

     Siegfried (?) Graf 'von Luxemburg' was born circa 919; Weis [1992:125] and Genealogics say b. ca 919; Med Lands says b. 925/35; The Henry Project says b. say 915x920.^8,1,9,3,4,5 He married Hedwig (?) Countess of Luxembourg, daughter of Eberhard IV (?) Graf von Nordgau and Luitgarde (?) von Trier, circa 950
; his 2nd wife?^{10,1,2,5,11,12} Siegfried (?) Graf 'von Luxemburg' married Hedwig (?) of Hungary circa 955
; his 1st wife?^2,13
Siegfried (?) Graf 'von Luxemburg' died on 15 August 998; Genealogics says d. aft 26 Oct 997; Weis says d. 28 Oct. 998; Genealogy.EU says d. 15 Aug 998; Med Lands says 28 Oct 998; The Henry Project says "Still living 26 October 997, d. 27×28 October, probably ca. 998."^14,15,3,4,5
     Reference: Genealogics cites: GAV-27 EDV-27 GKJ-28.

; This is the same person as ”Sigefroid/Siegfried [of Luxemburg] (Sigefridus Kunuz, Sicco)” at The Henry Project.⁵

; Per Genealogics:
     "Siegfried was born about 919, the probable son of Wigerich, Graf im Bidgau und Ardennengau, and Kunegund, daughter of Ermentrud of France. He is generally seen as the founder of the House of Luxemburg.
     "In 960 Siegfried married Hadwig, whose exact origins are unknown. They had eleven children of whom Luitgard and Friedrich would have progeny.
     "Siegfried was Graf im Moselgau and steward of the abbey of Echternach and the imperial abbey of Sankt Maximin in Trier. In 963 he acquired Lucilinburhuc (today's city of Luxemburg) in exchange for estates in Feulen near Ettelbrück (in Sauer) with the abbey of Sankt Maximin. In 964 he acquired estates near Saarburg including the Inselberg, on which Saarburg stood, from Bishop Heinrich of Trier.
     "Siegfried died on 28 October 998. In the legends his name is linked with the mythical character Melusine.”.¹⁶

; This is the same person as ”Sigfried, Count of the Ardennes” at Wikipedia and as ”Sigefroid de Luxembourg” at Wikipédia (FR).^17,18 Siegfried (?) Graf 'von Luxemburg' was also known as Siegfried de Luxembourg Count in the Moselgau.¹⁹

; Per Weis: “Siegfried of Luxembourg (perh. by (1) but more prob. by (2)) Count of Luxembourg 943, d. 28 Oct. 998; m. abt. 950, Hedwig, d. 13 Dec. 992, perh. dau. of Count Eberhard, Count in the Nordgau. (ES I.2/202-203; Parisse, charts pp. 112, 119).”.¹¹

; Per Med Lands:
     "SIEGFRIED ([925/35]-28 Oct [998], bur Trier). As noted above, Siegfried is shown here, for presentational purposes, as the son of Cunigonde by her possible third husband, but the possibility cannot be excluded that he was Siegfried, son of Wigerich [III] Comte d’Ardenne (in which case he would have been born [915/19] not [925/35] as suggested above. His relationship with Wigerich’s family is indicated by Gerbert of Aurillac who refers to "Godefridum, patruumque eius Sigifridum" in a letter dated 985 addressed to "dominæ Teuphanu Imperatrice" after he visited the pair in prison following their unsuccessful defence of Verdun against Lothaire King of the Franks[16], other letters clarifying that "Godefridum" was Godefroi Comte de Verdun, grandson of Wigerich [III]. If Siegfried´s birth is estimated to [925/35] (which appears consistent with his estimated marriage date), he could have been Cunigonde’s son by an otherwise unrecorded third marriage as further explained above. Otto I King of Germany transferred the convent of Echternach to Siegfried "advocatus altaris" in [949/50], although the charter relating to this grant has not yet been identified. Siegfried owned scattered properties in Feulen, Hosingen and Monnerich (in the pagus Wabrensis) and at Berncastel and Roussy (in the pagus Mosellanus)[17]. Graf/Comte [von/de ---]: Bruno Archbishop of Köln confirmed an exchange of property "Baldau, quam Sigifredus comes ut acquireret" [translated by Vanderkindere as "Bodeux que menaçait Sigefroid"[18]] for "in villa Nohas…in pago Heislensi in comitatu Tulpiaco" between the abbot of Stavelot and "comite Warnero [Werner Graf von Zülpich, see the document LOWER LOTHARINGIA NOBILITY] fideli nostro...cum consensu uxoris et filiorum...suorum" by charter dated 31 Oct 953 ("regnante rege Ottone fratre nostro, anno xviii, Godefrido duce")[19]. Siegfried’s county has not been identified. His use of the comital title, before he acquired the castle of Luxembourg, suggests that he inherited substantial property holdings from his father, who would presumably also have been “Comte/Graf”. Comte [de Luxembourg]. "Sigefridus comes de nobili genere natus" received the castle of Luxembourg from St Maximin, Trier in exchange for property "villa Feulen in comitatu Giselberti comitis in pago Arduenne in villa…Viulna [et]…in pago Mathingouui in comitatu Godefridi comitis super ripem Alsuntie fluminis" by charter dated 17 Apr 963[20]. Gade reproduces a photographic copy of the original charter[21]. "Uda…comitissa" donated property "in pago Rizzigowi cui Egylolfus comes" to St Maximin at Trier "pro remedio…seniorique mei Gozlini necnon filiorum meorum Henrici…et Reginheri, Godefridi quoque et Adalberonis" by charter dated 18 May 963 witnessed by "Sigefrido comite, Richwino comite"[22]. Vogt of Echternach: "Otto…imperator augustus" granted property to Kloster Echternach by charter dated 15 Mar 973 which names "comitis Sigifridi fidelis nostri"[23]. Vogt of St Maximin at Trier: Archbishop Egbert donated property "de beneficio Luthardi comitis…mortuo sine herede" to Trier St Paul by charter dated 981, subscribed by "…Sigefridi comitis et rerum S Maximini advocatis…"[24]. He captured Wicfred Bishop of Verdun, who had attacked Siegfried's territory, at Vandresel but released him in [984]. Richer records that "Belgicæ dux Theodericus, necnon et vir nobilis ac strenuus Godefridus, Sigefridus quoque vir illustris, Bardo etiam et Gozilo fratres clarissimi et nominatissimi" captured Verdun in 985[25]. Siegfried helped defend Verdun against Lothaire King of the West Franks in [984/85], but was captured together with Godefroi Comte de Verdun [Wigeriche][26]. According to the Preface of Vitæ Heinrici et Cunegundis Imperatores, "Sigefridus Kunuz comes, pater Chunigundis imperatricis, obiit V Kal Novembrisi"[27]. The necrology of Ranshofen records the death "V Kal Nov" of "Sigefridus Kunuz pater Chunigundis imperatricis"[28]. The necrology of Gorze records the death "VI Kal Nov" of "Seifredus comes"[29]. The year of Siegfried´s death is uncertain but is assumed to have been around [998]. Siegfried is named "Siefredi Saxonum ducis" by Rodulfus Glaber when recording the marriage of his daughter to Heinrich II King of Germany[30]. No other primary source has been identified which either accords the ducal title to Siegfried or directly links him to Saxony. The editor of the MGH SS edition of the text suggests that “all Germans called themselves Saxones” and that “all those in powerful positions adopted the title dux” ("omnes Germanos dicere videtur Saxones, omnes potentiores ducis nomine ormat")[31].
     "m (before 964, [960?]) HEDWIG, daughter of --- (-13 Dec after 993). "Sygefridus comes" reached an agreement with Heinrich Archbishop of Trier by charter dated 17 Sep 964 which names "coniunx mea Hadewige, filiusque noster Henricus"[32]. "Sigifridus comes…cum coniuge mea Hadewihe" donated property "in valle Alsunciensi in villa Marics in comitatu Ardenensi regimini filii nostri Heinrici comitis subiacenti" to St Maximin, Trier by charter dated 993[33]. According to the Preface of Vitæ Heinrici et Cunegundis Imperatores, "domina Hedewich comitissa, mater Chunigundis imperatricis, obiit Idus Decembris"[34]. The necrology of Ranshofen records the death "Id Dec" of "Hedewich com mater Chunigundis imperatricis Papie occisus"[35]."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Genealogy.EU (Luxemburg 1): “A7. Ct Siegfried of Luxemburg (963-998), *ca 922, +15.8.998; m.ca 950 Hedwig of Alsace/Nordgau (*ca 937, +13.12.992); for his descendants see http://genealogy.euweb.cz/luxemburg/luxemburg3.html”.¹ He was Count of Luxemburg between 963 and 998.²

     Hedwig (?) Countess of Luxembourg was born circa 937; The Henry Project says b. say 935x940.^5,6 She married Siegfried (?) Graf 'von Luxemburg', son of Wigeric (?) Count in the Trier & Ardennesgau and Kunigunde (?), circa 950
; his 2nd wife?^7,5,2,8,3,1
Hedwig (?) Countess of Luxembourg died on 13 December 992; Weis says d. 13 Dec. 992; Genealogics says d. aft 13 Dec. 992; The Henry Project says d. "13 December, 993 or later."^5,3,1,6
      ; Per Med Lands:
     "SIEGFRIED ([925/35]-28 Oct [998], bur Trier). As noted above, Siegfried is shown here, for presentational purposes, as the son of Cunigonde by her possible third husband, but the possibility cannot be excluded that he was Siegfried, son of Wigerich [III] Comte d’Ardenne (in which case he would have been born [915/19] not [925/35] as suggested above. His relationship with Wigerich’s family is indicated by Gerbert of Aurillac who refers to "Godefridum, patruumque eius Sigifridum" in a letter dated 985 addressed to "dominæ Teuphanu Imperatrice" after he visited the pair in prison following their unsuccessful defence of Verdun against Lothaire King of the Franks[16], other letters clarifying that "Godefridum" was Godefroi Comte de Verdun, grandson of Wigerich [III]. If Siegfried´s birth is estimated to [925/35] (which appears consistent with his estimated marriage date), he could have been Cunigonde’s son by an otherwise unrecorded third marriage as further explained above. Otto I King of Germany transferred the convent of Echternach to Siegfried "advocatus altaris" in [949/50], although the charter relating to this grant has not yet been identified. Siegfried owned scattered properties in Feulen, Hosingen and Monnerich (in the pagus Wabrensis) and at Berncastel and Roussy (in the pagus Mosellanus)[17]. Graf/Comte [von/de ---]: Bruno Archbishop of Köln confirmed an exchange of property "Baldau, quam Sigifredus comes ut acquireret" [translated by Vanderkindere as "Bodeux que menaçait Sigefroid"[18]] for "in villa Nohas…in pago Heislensi in comitatu Tulpiaco" between the abbot of Stavelot and "comite Warnero [Werner Graf von Zülpich, see the document LOWER LOTHARINGIA NOBILITY] fideli nostro...cum consensu uxoris et filiorum...suorum" by charter dated 31 Oct 953 ("regnante rege Ottone fratre nostro, anno xviii, Godefrido duce")[19]. Siegfried’s county has not been identified. His use of the comital title, before he acquired the castle of Luxembourg, suggests that he inherited substantial property holdings from his father, who would presumably also have been “Comte/Graf”. Comte [de Luxembourg]. "Sigefridus comes de nobili genere natus" received the castle of Luxembourg from St Maximin, Trier in exchange for property "villa Feulen in comitatu Giselberti comitis in pago Arduenne in villa…Viulna [et]…in pago Mathingouui in comitatu Godefridi comitis super ripem Alsuntie fluminis" by charter dated 17 Apr 963[20]. Gade reproduces a photographic copy of the original charter[21]. "Uda…comitissa" donated property "in pago Rizzigowi cui Egylolfus comes" to St Maximin at Trier "pro remedio…seniorique mei Gozlini necnon filiorum meorum Henrici…et Reginheri, Godefridi quoque et Adalberonis" by charter dated 18 May 963 witnessed by "Sigefrido comite, Richwino comite"[22]. Vogt of Echternach: "Otto…imperator augustus" granted property to Kloster Echternach by charter dated 15 Mar 973 which names "comitis Sigifridi fidelis nostri"[23]. Vogt of St Maximin at Trier: Archbishop Egbert donated property "de beneficio Luthardi comitis…mortuo sine herede" to Trier St Paul by charter dated 981, subscribed by "…Sigefridi comitis et rerum S Maximini advocatis…"[24]. He captured Wicfred Bishop of Verdun, who had attacked Siegfried's territory, at Vandresel but released him in [984]. Richer records that "Belgicæ dux Theodericus, necnon et vir nobilis ac strenuus Godefridus, Sigefridus quoque vir illustris, Bardo etiam et Gozilo fratres clarissimi et nominatissimi" captured Verdun in 985[25]. Siegfried helped defend Verdun against Lothaire King of the West Franks in [984/85], but was captured together with Godefroi Comte de Verdun [Wigeriche][26]. According to the Preface of Vitæ Heinrici et Cunegundis Imperatores, "Sigefridus Kunuz comes, pater Chunigundis imperatricis, obiit V Kal Novembrisi"[27]. The necrology of Ranshofen records the death "V Kal Nov" of "Sigefridus Kunuz pater Chunigundis imperatricis"[28]. The necrology of Gorze records the death "VI Kal Nov" of "Seifredus comes"[29]. The year of Siegfried´s death is uncertain but is assumed to have been around [998]. Siegfried is named "Siefredi Saxonum ducis" by Rodulfus Glaber when recording the marriage of his daughter to Heinrich II King of Germany[30]. No other primary source has been identified which either accords the ducal title to Siegfried or directly links him to Saxony. The editor of the MGH SS edition of the text suggests that “all Germans called themselves Saxones” and that “all those in powerful positions adopted the title dux” ("omnes Germanos dicere videtur Saxones, omnes potentiores ducis nomine ormat")[31].
     "m (before 964, [960?]) HEDWIG, daughter of --- (-13 Dec after 993). "Sygefridus comes" reached an agreement with Heinrich Archbishop of Trier by charter dated 17 Sep 964 which names "coniunx mea Hadewige, filiusque noster Henricus"[32]. "Sigifridus comes…cum coniuge mea Hadewihe" donated property "in valle Alsunciensi in villa Marics in comitatu Ardenensi regimini filii nostri Heinrici comitis subiacenti" to St Maximin, Trier by charter dated 993[33]. According to the Preface of Vitæ Heinrici et Cunegundis Imperatores, "domina Hedewich comitissa, mater Chunigundis imperatricis, obiit Idus Decembris"[34]. The necrology of Ranshofen records the death "Id Dec" of "Hedewich com mater Chunigundis imperatricis Papie occisus"[35]."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Genealogy.EU (Luxemburg 1): “A7. Ct Siegfried of Luxemburg (963-998), *ca 922, +15.8.998; m.ca 950 Hedwig of Alsace/Nordgau (*ca 937, +13.12.992); for his descendants see http://genealogy.euweb.cz/luxemburg/luxemburg3.html”.⁵

; Per Weis: “Siegfried of Luxembourg (perh. by (1) but more prob. by (2)) Count of Luxembourg 943, d. 28 Oct. 998; m. abt. 950, Hedwig, d. 13 Dec. 992, perh. dau. of Count Eberhard, Count in the Nordgau. (ES I.2/202-203; Parisse, charts pp. 112, 119).”.³

Reference: Genealogics cites: Caroli Magni Progenies, Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977 , Rösch, Siegfried. 174.¹ Hedwig (?) Countess of Luxembourg was also known as Hedwig (?) of Alsace/Nordgau.²

; This is the same person as ”Hedwig” at The Henry Project.⁶

; This is the same person as ”Hedwig of Nordgau” at Wikipedia.¹⁰ Hedwig (?) Countess of Luxembourg was also known as Hedwig (?) de Alsace.⁴ GAV-27 EDV-27 GKJ-28.

     Dirk II (?) Graaf van Holland was born between 920 and 930; Genealogics says b. ca 920; Racines et Histoire says b ca 930; Med Lands says b. 920/30.^9,4,2,5 He married Hildegard (?) Comtesse de Flandres, daughter of Arnulf/Arnoul I "The Great" or "The Old" (?) comte de Flandres et d’Artois, circa 943
; Racines et Histoire says m 940/45; Med Lands says m. 945/50.^{10,9,11,1,7,12,13,5,14}
Dirk II (?) Graaf van Holland died on 6 May 988 at Egmond.^1,11,4,5
Dirk II (?) Graaf van Holland was buried after 6 May 988 at Egmond Abbey, Egmond aan den Hoef, Bergen Municipality, Noord-Holland, Netherlands; From Find A Grave:
     BIRTH     unknown, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
     DEATH     5 Jun 988, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
     Dirk or Deitrich II, Count of Frisia and Holland. Dirk was the son of Count Dirk I and his wife, Gerberge, and the husband of Hildegarde, the daughter of Arnulf, the Count of Flanders. They had three children:
     Dirk's properties were confirmed in 983 by the Emperor Otto III, which included the counties of Maasland, Kinhem and Texla, as well as the entire coast line of the current day Holland. Dirk built a fortress near Vlaardingen, and rebuilt the abbey at Egmond in stone to shelter the relics of Saint Adalbert. His daughter would become Abbess there before she moved to Bennebroek Abbey.
     Dirk's son, Arnulf, succeeded him, his grandson Dirk III would battle Godfrey II, Duke of Lower Lorraine at the site of the fortress at Vlaardingen.
     Family Members
     Parents
          Dirk I Of Holland 870–944
     Spouse
          Hildegarde of Flanders
     Children
          Arnulf of Holland
     BURIAL     Egmond Abbey, Egmond aan den Hoef, Bergen Municipality, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
     Maintained by: Anne Shurtleff Stevens
     Originally Created by: Jerry Ferren
     Added: 5 Mar 2012
     Find a Grave Memorial 86270315.¹⁵
     Reference: Genealogics cites: Genealogie der Graven van Holland Zaltbommel, 1969. , Dr. A. W. E. Dek, Reference: 11.² GAV-28 EDV-28 GKJ-30.

; This is the same person as:
”Dirk II, Count of Holland” at Wikipedia and as
”Dietrich II. (Holland)” at Wikipedia (De.)^16,17

; Per Genealogics:
     “Dirk II was the son of Dirk I, count of Kennerland, and Geva. He added Maasland, Kennemerland and the island of Texel to his domain. This was formally acknowledged by Emperor Otto III as a reward for his support. In about 940 Dirk II extended his influence southwards by marrying Hildegard, daughter of the count of Flanders, a descendant of Charlemagne and a great-granddaughter of Alfred 'the Great', king of England. Dirk II and Hildegard replaced the wooden church of Egmond with a stone abbey church, and both of them are buried there.”.⁷ Dirk II (?) Graaf van Holland was also known as Dirk II (?) de West Frise.⁴ Dirk II (?) Graaf van Holland was also known as Dietrich II (?) Count of West Friesland.¹⁸

; Per Med Lands:
     "DIRK ([920/30]-Egmond 6 May 988, bur Egmond). The Annales Egmundani name "Theodericus secundus comes filius Theoderici primi"[226]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records that "Theodricus…secundus Hollandie comes" was the only son of "Theodricus primus Hollandie comes" & his wife[227]. His birth date range is calculated from his own estimated marriage date and the estimated dates of birth of his descendants. "Dominus Theodericus comes…cum…coniuge sua…Geva" donated property "in villa Franla…in villa Allecmere…in villa Callinge" to the church of Egmond, and "dominus Theodericus junior filius prefati Theoderici" exchanged property "in orientali parte fluminis…Fle" for property "in villa Nienthorp", by undated charter[228]. He succeeded his father as DIRK II Count of Holland, although the date is not known. "…Isaac comitis, Arnulfi filii eius, Theoderici comitis…" signed the charter dated 8 Jul 941 under which "Arnulfus…regis…marchysus" restored property to Saint-Pierre de Gand[229], although it is not known whether this charter refers to Count Dirk I or Count Dirk II. "Theoderici comitis" subscribed charters dated 5 May [951/963], 29 Jul [955/64], 18 Oct 962, 28 Mar 967, 13 Apr 969 and 31 Jan 972[230]. "…Baldwini advocati, Theoderici comitis…" signed the charter dated 5 May 962 under which "Arnulfus marchysus" donated property to Saint-Pierre de Gand[231]. According to Nicholas, after the death of Arnoul I Count of Flanders in 964, Count Dirk occupied Gent and Waas, taking advantage of the weakness of the government of the county of Flanders during the minority of Count Arnoul II[232]. However, this may be speculation based on an interpretation of the charter dated "DCCC[C]LXVIII[I] Id Apr…regnante domno Loth[ario] anno XV", under which "Loth[arius]…rex" granted property "forestum Was[el]a" to "nostro fideli…Theoderico comiti" at the request of "coniunx nostra Hemma regina"[233]. As explained above, it is likely that this charter is spurious. On the other hand, the charter dated 28 Mar 965 under which "Theodericus comes et Baldwinus cognomento Baldzo et Ericus et Everwinus" donated property to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "senioris sui Arnulfi defuncti"[234], demonstrates that Count Dirk played an active role in Gand after the death of Count Arnoul I. The charters dated 11 Apr 969 under which "Theodericus comes" donated "sui iuris possessionem…Frilingim in pago Flandrensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[235], and 30 Sep 972 under which "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" donated "sui iuris sitam in pago Flandrensi…Clehiham" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[236] show that other parts of Flanders were included in Count Dirk´s area of influence. "Thodericus…comes et Baduuinus et Ericus et Eueruuinus" donated property "sui iuris possessionem…Vualehem…in comitatum Custricense seu Tornacinse" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, in accordance with the wishes of "senioris mei Arnulfi defuncti", by charter dated 28 Mar 964[237]. "Theoderico comite et Arnulfo filio eius, Folberto advocato…Ingelberto advocato…" signed the charter dated 26 Oct 970 under which "Mathelgodus et uxor sua Ingelswindis" donated "hereditatem sue possessionis in loco…Wessingim…Siringim…in pago Bracbantensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[238]. "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" donated "in villa Haleftra in pago Mempesco sita" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 2 Oct 974, signed by "Arnulfo juniore marchyso, Ingelberto advocato, Hecberto et Arnulfo filiis ipsius Theoderici…"[239]. Egbert Archbishop of Trier donated property "de beneficio Luthardi comitis…mortuo sine herede" to St Paul at Trier by charter dated 981, subscribed by "Theoderici comitis…"[240]. "Otto…rex" recognised the rights in property "in comitatibus Masalant, Kinhem, Texla" of "fideli nostro Theoderico comiti" by charter dated 25 Aug 985[241]. This refers to the area now known as the Hook of Holland, where Rotterdam was later built, as far north as Gouda, Kennermerland near Haarlem, and the island of Texel in the north of Holland[242]. "…Theoderico comite, Arnulfo comite, Artoldo comite, Baldwino comite, item Arnulfo comite…" signed the charter dated 1 Apr 988 under which "Baldwinus marchysus cum matre sua Susanna" donated "villam Aflingehem…jacentem in pago Tornacinse" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, after the death of "Arnulfi marchysi"[243]. The Annales Egmundani record the death in 988 of "Theodericus II comes"[244]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the death "988 II Non Mai" of "domino Theodricus secundus comes Hollandie" and his burial at Egmond monastery[245]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "988 pridie Non Mai" of "Theodericus 2 comes"[246].
     "m ([945/50]) HILDEGARD, daughter of --- (before 933-10 Apr 990, bur Egmond). "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" are named in a charter dated Oct [967/79][247]. "Theoderici et Hildegardis" subscribed a charter dated 30 Sep 975, before "Arnulfi filii eorum [Theoderici et Hildegardis]"[248]. The Annales Egmundani name "Hildegardis comitissa" as wife of "Theodericus comes secundus [Hollandensium]" but do not give her origin[249]. "Theodericus…Holtlandensis comes…Florentii filius" recites the ownership history of properties claimed by the church of Utrecht in Holland, including the further construction of the church by "Theodericus secundus, predicti filius, cum Hildegarda coniuge sua", by spurious charter dated 26 Jul 1083, probably written in [1130][250]. According to Rösch[251], she was Hildegard de Flandre, daughter of Arnoul I Count of Flanders, but he cites no primary source on which this is based. Her naming her two sons Arnulf and Egbert suggests that the affiliation may be correct. Boer & Cordfunke refer to a 938 meeting, between Count Dirk I, Count Meginhard of Hamaland, and Count Arnulf I of Flanders and his wife Adela, to arrange the betrothals of Hildegard of Flanders and Count Dirk II (son of Count Dirk I), and of her sister Liutgard and Wichmann of Hamaland (son of Count Meginhard)[252]. The meeting is alleged to be recorded in the Verbrüderungsbuch der Abtei Reichenau, but no trace of this has been found in the copy consulted[253]. According to Europäische Stammtafeln, Hildegard was the daughter of Count Arnoul & his wife Adela de Vermandois and born in [934][254]. However, from a chronological point of view it is more likely that Hildegard was born from an earlier unknown marriage of Count Arnoul, as explained in the document FLANDERS, assuming that she was Count Arnoul's daughter. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records that Count Dirk II married "Hildegardim (ut creditor) filiam Ludovici regis Francie"[255]. This is chronologically impossible, assuming that the birth date of Arnoul Count of Holland is correctly estimated as shown below, as Hildegard daughter of Louis III King of France would have been too old for the marriage and any daughter of Louis IV King of France would have been too young. It is also unlikely that the wife of Count Dirk II was Hildegard, daughter of Charles III "le Simple" King of France, whose birth date is estimated to [908/12]. There therefore seems no possibility that the Chronologia could even be partially correct in assigning this possible Carolingian French origin to Dirk's wife, although it is curious how this origin came to be included in the source. "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" donated "sui iuris sitam in pago Flandrensi…Clehiham" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 30 Sep 972[256]. "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" donated "in villa Haleftra in pago Mempesco sita" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 2 Oct 974[257]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the death "III Id Apr" of "Hildegardis…sua conthoralis" and her burial at Egmond monastery[258]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "IV Id Apr" of "Hildegardis uxor [Theoderici 2 comitis] filia Ludovici regis Francie"[259]. Europäische Stammtafeln shows 990 as her year of death[260], but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Racines et Histoire (Flandres): “1) Hildegard de Flandres ° avant 933 dès 934 + 10/04/990
     ép. ~940/45 comte Dirk II de West Frise ° ~930 + 06/05/988 (Egmond) (fils de Dirk 1er, graf van Kennemerland et de Geva)”.⁷

; Per Genealogy.EU (Flanders 1): “C3. Hildegard, *ca 934, +10.4.990; m.ca 943 Ct Dirk II of West Frisia (*ca 930 +6.5.988)"


Per Genealogy.EU (Holland 1): “Ct Dirk II of West-Friesland (939-988), *ca 930, +Egmond 6.5.988; m.Hildegard of Flanders (+10.4.990)”.^19,20

; Per Med Lands:
     "[HILDEGARD ([before 933]-10 Apr 990, bur Egmond). The Annales Egmundani name "Hildegardis comitissa" as wife of "Theodericus comes secundus [Hollandensium]" but do not give her origin[126]. The wife of Count Dirk II was the daughter of Count Arnoul according to Rösch, but the author cites no primary source in support of this assertion[127]. Hildegard's naming her two sons Arnulf and Egbert suggests that the affiliation may be correct. According to Europäische Stammtafeln, Hildegard was the daughter of Count Arnoul by Adela de Vermandois and was born in [934][128]. This appears difficult to sustain chronologically if Hildegard's first son was born in [950], although it is not impossible. Assuming that her sister Liutgard was born in 935, there is little time for the birth of an earlier daughter after Count Arnoul's marriage in 934, assuming also that the latter date is correct. This suggests that, if Hildegard was the daughter of Count Arnoul, she was born from an earlier otherwise unrecorded marriage. An alternative parentage is suggested by the Chronologia Johannes de Beke which records that Count Dirk II married "Hildegardim (ut creditor) filiam Ludovici regis Francie"[129]. This is chronologically impossible, assuming that the birth date of Arnoul Count of Holland is correctly estimated as shown in the document HOLLAND. Hildegard daughter of Louis III King of France would have been too old for the marriage and any daughter of Louis IV King of France would have been too young. It is also unlikely that the wife of Count Dirk II was a daughter of Charles III "le Simple" King of France, the birth dates of whose daughters are estimated to [908/16]. There therefore seems no possibility that the Chronologia could even be partially correct in assigning this possible Carolingian French origin to Dirk's wife, although it is curious how this origin came to be included in the source. "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" are named in a charter dated Oct [967/79][130]. "Theoderici et Hildegardis" subscribed a charter dated 30 Sep 975, before "Arnulfi filii eorum [Theoderici et Hildegardis]"[131]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the death "III Id Apr" of "Hildegardis…sua conthoralis" and her burial at Egmond monastery[132]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the death "III Id Apr" of "Hildegardis…sua conthoralis" and her burial at Egmond monastery[133]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "IV Id Apr" of "Hildegardis uxor [Theoderici 2 comitis] filia Ludovici regis Francie"[134]. Europäische Stammtafeln shows 990 as Hildegarde´s year of death[135], but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified.
     "m ([945/50]) DIRK II Count Holland, son of DIRK I Count of Holland & his wife Geva --- ([930]-Egmond 6 May 988, bur Egmond).]"
Med Lands cites: He was Count of West-Friesland between 939 and 988.¹

     Hildegard (?) Comtesse de Flandres was born between 933 and 934; Racines et Histoire says b bef 933; Med Lands says b. bef 933; Genealogy.EU (Flanders 1) says b. ca 934.^1,4,11 She married Dirk II (?) Graaf van Holland, son of Dirk I (?) Graaf von Kennemerland and Geva (?), circa 943
; Racines et Histoire says m 940/45; Med Lands says m. 945/50.^{1,12,13,3,10,6,11,14,5}
Hildegard (?) Comtesse de Flandres died on 10 April 990.^1,3,6,10,11
Hildegard (?) Comtesse de Flandres was buried after 10 April 990 at Egmond Abbey, Egmond aan den Hoef, Bergen Municipality, Noord-Holland, Netherlands; From Find A Grave:
     BIRTH     unknown, Belgium
     DEATH     unknown
     Hildegarde was the daughter of Arnulf I of Flanders and Adele of Vermandois. She married Dirk II of Holland and was the mother of Arnulf who became Count of Holland and Frisia after Dirk's death. The younger son Egbert became Archbishop of Trier in 977. Her daughter Erlinde was abbess of Egmont, until that institution was changed by her father from a nunnery into a monastery, after which she became abbess of Bennebroek.
     Family Members
     Parents
          Arnulf I Count of Flanders 890–965
          Adele Of Vermandois
     Spouse
          Dirk II Count of Holland unknown–988
     Siblings
          Elstrude van Vlaanderen of Flanders
          Baldwin III of Flanders
     Children
          Arnulf of Holland
     BURIAL     Egmond Abbey, Egmond aan den Hoef, Bergen Municipality, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
     Created by: Mad
     Added: 7 May 2012
     Find a Grave Memorial 89742323.¹⁵
      ; Per Med Lands:
     "DIRK ([920/30]-Egmond 6 May 988, bur Egmond). The Annales Egmundani name "Theodericus secundus comes filius Theoderici primi"[226]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records that "Theodricus…secundus Hollandie comes" was the only son of "Theodricus primus Hollandie comes" & his wife[227]. His birth date range is calculated from his own estimated marriage date and the estimated dates of birth of his descendants. "Dominus Theodericus comes…cum…coniuge sua…Geva" donated property "in villa Franla…in villa Allecmere…in villa Callinge" to the church of Egmond, and "dominus Theodericus junior filius prefati Theoderici" exchanged property "in orientali parte fluminis…Fle" for property "in villa Nienthorp", by undated charter[228]. He succeeded his father as DIRK II Count of Holland, although the date is not known. "…Isaac comitis, Arnulfi filii eius, Theoderici comitis…" signed the charter dated 8 Jul 941 under which "Arnulfus…regis…marchysus" restored property to Saint-Pierre de Gand[229], although it is not known whether this charter refers to Count Dirk I or Count Dirk II. "Theoderici comitis" subscribed charters dated 5 May [951/963], 29 Jul [955/64], 18 Oct 962, 28 Mar 967, 13 Apr 969 and 31 Jan 972[230]. "…Baldwini advocati, Theoderici comitis…" signed the charter dated 5 May 962 under which "Arnulfus marchysus" donated property to Saint-Pierre de Gand[231]. According to Nicholas, after the death of Arnoul I Count of Flanders in 964, Count Dirk occupied Gent and Waas, taking advantage of the weakness of the government of the county of Flanders during the minority of Count Arnoul II[232]. However, this may be speculation based on an interpretation of the charter dated "DCCC[C]LXVIII[I] Id Apr…regnante domno Loth[ario] anno XV", under which "Loth[arius]…rex" granted property "forestum Was[el]a" to "nostro fideli…Theoderico comiti" at the request of "coniunx nostra Hemma regina"[233]. As explained above, it is likely that this charter is spurious. On the other hand, the charter dated 28 Mar 965 under which "Theodericus comes et Baldwinus cognomento Baldzo et Ericus et Everwinus" donated property to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "senioris sui Arnulfi defuncti"[234], demonstrates that Count Dirk played an active role in Gand after the death of Count Arnoul I. The charters dated 11 Apr 969 under which "Theodericus comes" donated "sui iuris possessionem…Frilingim in pago Flandrensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[235], and 30 Sep 972 under which "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" donated "sui iuris sitam in pago Flandrensi…Clehiham" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[236] show that other parts of Flanders were included in Count Dirk´s area of influence. "Thodericus…comes et Baduuinus et Ericus et Eueruuinus" donated property "sui iuris possessionem…Vualehem…in comitatum Custricense seu Tornacinse" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, in accordance with the wishes of "senioris mei Arnulfi defuncti", by charter dated 28 Mar 964[237]. "Theoderico comite et Arnulfo filio eius, Folberto advocato…Ingelberto advocato…" signed the charter dated 26 Oct 970 under which "Mathelgodus et uxor sua Ingelswindis" donated "hereditatem sue possessionis in loco…Wessingim…Siringim…in pago Bracbantensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[238]. "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" donated "in villa Haleftra in pago Mempesco sita" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 2 Oct 974, signed by "Arnulfo juniore marchyso, Ingelberto advocato, Hecberto et Arnulfo filiis ipsius Theoderici…"[239]. Egbert Archbishop of Trier donated property "de beneficio Luthardi comitis…mortuo sine herede" to St Paul at Trier by charter dated 981, subscribed by "Theoderici comitis…"[240]. "Otto…rex" recognised the rights in property "in comitatibus Masalant, Kinhem, Texla" of "fideli nostro Theoderico comiti" by charter dated 25 Aug 985[241]. This refers to the area now known as the Hook of Holland, where Rotterdam was later built, as far north as Gouda, Kennermerland near Haarlem, and the island of Texel in the north of Holland[242]. "…Theoderico comite, Arnulfo comite, Artoldo comite, Baldwino comite, item Arnulfo comite…" signed the charter dated 1 Apr 988 under which "Baldwinus marchysus cum matre sua Susanna" donated "villam Aflingehem…jacentem in pago Tornacinse" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, after the death of "Arnulfi marchysi"[243]. The Annales Egmundani record the death in 988 of "Theodericus II comes"[244]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the death "988 II Non Mai" of "domino Theodricus secundus comes Hollandie" and his burial at Egmond monastery[245]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "988 pridie Non Mai" of "Theodericus 2 comes"[246].
     "m ([945/50]) HILDEGARD, daughter of --- (before 933-10 Apr 990, bur Egmond). "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" are named in a charter dated Oct [967/79][247]. "Theoderici et Hildegardis" subscribed a charter dated 30 Sep 975, before "Arnulfi filii eorum [Theoderici et Hildegardis]"[248]. The Annales Egmundani name "Hildegardis comitissa" as wife of "Theodericus comes secundus [Hollandensium]" but do not give her origin[249]. "Theodericus…Holtlandensis comes…Florentii filius" recites the ownership history of properties claimed by the church of Utrecht in Holland, including the further construction of the church by "Theodericus secundus, predicti filius, cum Hildegarda coniuge sua", by spurious charter dated 26 Jul 1083, probably written in [1130][250]. According to Rösch[251], she was Hildegard de Flandre, daughter of Arnoul I Count of Flanders, but he cites no primary source on which this is based. Her naming her two sons Arnulf and Egbert suggests that the affiliation may be correct. Boer & Cordfunke refer to a 938 meeting, between Count Dirk I, Count Meginhard of Hamaland, and Count Arnulf I of Flanders and his wife Adela, to arrange the betrothals of Hildegard of Flanders and Count Dirk II (son of Count Dirk I), and of her sister Liutgard and Wichmann of Hamaland (son of Count Meginhard)[252]. The meeting is alleged to be recorded in the Verbrüderungsbuch der Abtei Reichenau, but no trace of this has been found in the copy consulted[253]. According to Europäische Stammtafeln, Hildegard was the daughter of Count Arnoul & his wife Adela de Vermandois and born in [934][254]. However, from a chronological point of view it is more likely that Hildegard was born from an earlier unknown marriage of Count Arnoul, as explained in the document FLANDERS, assuming that she was Count Arnoul's daughter. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records that Count Dirk II married "Hildegardim (ut creditor) filiam Ludovici regis Francie"[255]. This is chronologically impossible, assuming that the birth date of Arnoul Count of Holland is correctly estimated as shown below, as Hildegard daughter of Louis III King of France would have been too old for the marriage and any daughter of Louis IV King of France would have been too young. It is also unlikely that the wife of Count Dirk II was Hildegard, daughter of Charles III "le Simple" King of France, whose birth date is estimated to [908/12]. There therefore seems no possibility that the Chronologia could even be partially correct in assigning this possible Carolingian French origin to Dirk's wife, although it is curious how this origin came to be included in the source. "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" donated "sui iuris sitam in pago Flandrensi…Clehiham" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 30 Sep 972[256]. "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" donated "in villa Haleftra in pago Mempesco sita" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 2 Oct 974[257]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the death "III Id Apr" of "Hildegardis…sua conthoralis" and her burial at Egmond monastery[258]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "IV Id Apr" of "Hildegardis uxor [Theoderici 2 comitis] filia Ludovici regis Francie"[259]. Europäische Stammtafeln shows 990 as her year of death[260], but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified."
Med Lands cites:

; According to The Henry Project:
     "No direct evidence is known for the suggestion that Dirk's wife Hildegarde was Arnulf's daughter. The main evidence is onomastic, based on the fact that Dirk and Hildegarde had sons named Arnulf (count of Holland) and Egbert (archbishop of Trèves), an unusual combination (with an evidently "Carolingian" name Arnulf and the uncommon name "Egbert") that fits well with Arnulf's family. In addition, the history of the church at Trèves has an interesting remark about a noble English origin for archbishop Egbert and his parents Hildegarde and Dirk: "Hic [i.e. archbishop Ekbertus], de Brittannia ortus, patre Theoderico comite et matre Hildegarda nomine, divitiis et nobilitate Anglorum primoribus, divinatus, ut credimus, huic sedi est praedestinatus." (Translation: He [Egbert] sprang from Britain, with father count Theoderic [Dirk] and mother Hildegarde by name, [who were] foremost among the richness and nobility of the English, prophesied, as it is believed, to be predestined for this seat.) [Gesta Treverorum, MGH SS 8: 169]. The reason that Hildegarde has generally been placed as a daughter of an unknown earlier marriage is chronological. Archbishop Egbert of Trèves, who was probably not Hildegarde's eldest son, became archbishop in 977, which would put his birth at 947 or before if he had reached the canonical age of 30 for archbishops. This calculation, if correct, would in turn make it virtually impossible for Hildegarde to come from a marriage occuring in 934, where the contemporary chronicler Flodoard places the marriage of Arnulf and Adèle [see Werner(1967), 469-70]. Thus, if the suggestion that Hildegarde was a daughter of Arnulf is correct, she would be by an unknown earlier marriage. Although there is no direct evidence for such an earlier marriage, there is sufficient chronological room that such an earlier marriage cannot be ruled out. The Liber Memorialis of Remiremont, on folio 24v, has the names "Arnulfus, Balduinus, Adela, Leudgart, Hildigart, Ecbert" across the top of the page [then, in the same hand, the names Rainsuuida and Hageno on the next line, and Harcker, Leuui, and Berkard along the left margin, Lib. Mem. Remiremont, 1: 50; 2: 24v; all other names on the page are in other hands]. Although such lists of names do not directly document any relationships, the first four names on this top line would appear to be those of Arnulf, his son Baldwin, wife Adèle, and daughter Liutgard, and the sixth appears to be Arnulf's son Egbert. The identity of Rainsuuida, Hageno, Harcker, Leuui, and Berkard is unknown.
     "If the Hildegarde listed between Liutgard and Egbert was indeed another child of Arnulf, then the situation is not so straightforward as it might first appear. Let us assume for the moment that the Hildegarde of the Liber Memorialis was a daughter of Arnulf. Then there are several possibilities. If, as seems likely, Dirk's wife Hildegarde was older than Arnulf's daughter Liutgard, then there are two possibilities (ruling out the very improbable scenario that Arnulf had two daughters named Hildegarde):
* Dirk's wife Hildegarde was not a daughter of Arnulf.
* Liutgard and Hildegarde were not listed in order of birth for some reason.
     "If, as seems rather unlikely, Arnulf's daughter Liutgarde was older than Dirk's wife Hildegarde, then we would have two additional (but significantly less likely) possibilities:
* Liutgarde and Hildegarde were both by an earlier marriage of Arnulf, and the fact that Adèle de Vermandois also had a sister named Liutgarde is just a coincidence.
* Dirk's wife Hildegarde was a daughter of Adèle, despite the chronological objections mentioned above.
     "The latter of these two possibilities would be especially unlikely unless Flodoard's date for the marriage of Arnulf and Adèle is incorrect (and there is no reason to believe that Flodoard is wrong on this point). Thus, the evidence does not lead us to a definitive conclusion. While the case for making Dirk's wife Hildegarde a daughter of Arnulf has often been overstated, it remains a reasonable possibility."⁵

; per Vogels email [2006]:
     "Hildegard was a younger daughter and therefore must have been born in 936 or latest in 937. In 938 she was engaged to Dirk II, at the same time as her elder sister Liudgard with Wichman of Hamaland (Winter, prof. J.M. van, Ansfried en Dirk, twee namen uit de Nederlandse geschiedenis van de 10e en 11e eeuw, in: Naamkunde jrg.13, 1981, p.70, noot 112; Winter, prof. J.M. van, Dirk I bis, een nieuwe Hollandse graaf, in: Holland, jrg.15, 1983, p.194).
     "The marriage of Dirk II and Hildegard must have been consumated in 948 or 949 (Cordfunke, prof. E.H.P., Gravinnen van Holland. Huwelijk en huwelijkspolitiek van de graven uit het Hollandse Huis, Zutphen 1987, p.31)."¹⁶

Reference: Genealogics cites: Genealogie der Graven van Holland, Zaltbommel, 1969 , Dek, Dr. A. W. E. 11.⁶ GAV-28 EDV-28 GKJ-30.

; Per Racines et Histoire (Flandres): “1) Hildegard de Flandres ° avant 933 dès 934 + 10/04/990
     ép. ~940/45 comte Dirk II de West Frise ° ~930 + 06/05/988 (Egmond) (fils de Dirk 1er, graf van Kennemerland et de Geva)”.¹⁰

; Per Med Lands:
     "[HILDEGARD ([before 933]-10 Apr 990, bur Egmond). The Annales Egmundani name "Hildegardis comitissa" as wife of "Theodericus comes secundus [Hollandensium]" but do not give her origin[126]. The wife of Count Dirk II was the daughter of Count Arnoul according to Rösch, but the author cites no primary source in support of this assertion[127]. Hildegard's naming her two sons Arnulf and Egbert suggests that the affiliation may be correct. According to Europäische Stammtafeln, Hildegard was the daughter of Count Arnoul by Adela de Vermandois and was born in [934][128]. This appears difficult to sustain chronologically if Hildegard's first son was born in [950], although it is not impossible. Assuming that her sister Liutgard was born in 935, there is little time for the birth of an earlier daughter after Count Arnoul's marriage in 934, assuming also that the latter date is correct. This suggests that, if Hildegard was the daughter of Count Arnoul, she was born from an earlier otherwise unrecorded marriage. An alternative parentage is suggested by the Chronologia Johannes de Beke which records that Count Dirk II married "Hildegardim (ut creditor) filiam Ludovici regis Francie"[129]. This is chronologically impossible, assuming that the birth date of Arnoul Count of Holland is correctly estimated as shown in the document HOLLAND. Hildegard daughter of Louis III King of France would have been too old for the marriage and any daughter of Louis IV King of France would have been too young. It is also unlikely that the wife of Count Dirk II was a daughter of Charles III "le Simple" King of France, the birth dates of whose daughters are estimated to [908/16]. There therefore seems no possibility that the Chronologia could even be partially correct in assigning this possible Carolingian French origin to Dirk's wife, although it is curious how this origin came to be included in the source. "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" are named in a charter dated Oct [967/79][130]. "Theoderici et Hildegardis" subscribed a charter dated 30 Sep 975, before "Arnulfi filii eorum [Theoderici et Hildegardis]"[131]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the death "III Id Apr" of "Hildegardis…sua conthoralis" and her burial at Egmond monastery[132]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the death "III Id Apr" of "Hildegardis…sua conthoralis" and her burial at Egmond monastery[133]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "IV Id Apr" of "Hildegardis uxor [Theoderici 2 comitis] filia Ludovici regis Francie"[134]. Europäische Stammtafeln shows 990 as Hildegarde´s year of death[135], but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified.
     "m ([945/50]) DIRK II Count Holland, son of DIRK I Count of Holland & his wife Geva --- ([930]-Egmond 6 May 988, bur Egmond).]"
Med Lands cites:

; Per Genealogy.EU (Flanders 1): “C3. Hildegard, *ca 934, +10.4.990; m.ca 943 Ct Dirk II of West Frisia (*ca 930 +6.5.988)"


Per Genealogy.EU (Holland 1): “Ct Dirk II of West-Friesland (939-988), *ca 930, +Egmond 6.5.988; m.Hildegard of Flanders (+10.4.990)”.^17,18 She was living on 2 October 974.⁵

     Dirk I (?) Graaf von Kennemerland married Geva (?), daughter of Meginhard II (?) Count in Hamalant.^2,7,6
Dirk I (?) Graaf von Kennemerland was born circa 900.⁸
Dirk I (?) Graaf von Kennemerland died on 6 October 939; Med Lands says d. "6 Oct 928 or after, maybe after 8 Jul 949"; Genealogics says d. 6 Oct 939.^2,6
Dirk I (?) Graaf von Kennemerland was buried after 6 October 939 at Egmond Abbey, Egmond aan den Hoef, Bergen Municipality, Noord-Holland, Netherlands; From Find A Grave:
     BIRTH     870, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
     DEATH     944 (aged 73–74), Noord-Holland, Netherlands
     Dirk I was Count of Holland, he was born about 870 and died about 944. The actual title of count Dirk I was 'count in Friesland'. Dirk is thought to be a son of Gerulf II, 'count in Frisia', who is named by some sources as one of the counts who assassinated their Viking overlord Godfryth 'the Sea King' at a place named Herespich (modern Spijk) in 885. Almost nothing is known of his life, a situation further clouded by the present-day hypothesis that he had a son, Dirk (numbered Dirk I bis, to avoid confusion with the already established numbering), who succeeded him instead of the traditional view that he was succeeded by his supposed son Dirk II. In 922 Dirk was present at Bladella (present day Bladel, in the extreme south of the Dutch province of Noord Brabant), at which he received lands, at a place called Egmond, from the West Frankish king Charles III the Fat. Dirk subsequently erected a nunnery at the said lands, at which nuns prayed continuously for the well-being of the dynasty. Under Dirk II however, this wooden convent was rebuilt in stone to house the relics of Saint Adalbert. Adalbert was not well known at that time, but he was said to have preached Christianity in the immediate surroundings two centuries earlier. The convent was also to be for a community of Benedictine monks from Ghent, replacing the nuns. Count Dirk and many of his descendants were buried at Egmond.
     Family Members
     Parents
          Gerolf or Gerulf Count of Frisia Holland 850 – unknown
     Spouse
          Geva of Holland
     BURIAL     Egmond Abbey, Egmond aan den Hoef, Bergen Municipality, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
     Created by: Mad
     Added: 7 May 2012
     Find a Grave Memorial 89738007.⁹
      ; Per Genealogics:
     “Dirk was born about 900, the son of Gerulf II, count of Friesland. In 922 he received (from Charles 'the Simple', King of the West-Franks, or France) the church in Egmond and its estates which became the centre of his county. This is seen as the beginning of the county of Holland.
     “In 925, while formally belonging to the Lorraine area, Holland became part of the Holy Roman Empire. However, Dirk and his subjects preferred to think themselves independent of any overlord, and they made their own alliances as they saw fit. Dirk died on 6 October 939, and was succeeded by his son Dirk II.”.² GAV-29 EDV-29 GKJ-31.

; This is the same person as:
”Dirk I, Count of Holland” at Wikipedia, and as
”Dirk I (graaf)” at Wikipedia (Nl.)^10,11

Reference: Genealogics cites: Genealogie der Graven van Holland Zaltbommel, 1969. , Dr. A. W. E. Dek, Reference: 11.² Dirk I (?) Graaf von Kennemerland was also known as Dietrich/Dirk I (?) Count of West Friesland.¹² Dirk I (?) Graaf von Kennemerland was also known as Dirk I (?) Count of Holland.¹⁰

; Per Genealogy.EU (Holland 1): “Ct Dirk I im Kennemerland (916-939) and Geva N had probably a son”.¹³

; Per Med Lands:
     "DIRK, son of GEROLF Count [of Frisia] & his wife --- (-6 Oct, 928 or after, maybe after 8 Jul 949, bur Egmond). His parentage is deduced from the Chronologia Johannes de Beke which records that Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks granted "ecclesia Egmondensem et Kinhem a Zuitgerdes-Haga" to "Theodrico fratri Walgeri principis" in 863 at the request of "comitis Haganonis"[210], although as explained in the Introduction to the present document there are considerable chronological difficulties with accepting the dating of this text. The same grant of land is also referred to in the charter dated "XVII Kal Iul…anno XXX regnante domno Karolo rege", under which "Karolus…rex Francorum" granted property "Suuithardeshaga usque Fortrapa et Kinnem" to "fideli nostro…Theoderico" in the presence of "Hagano…comes"[211], which is more credible from a chronological point of view, on the assumption that "Karolus…rex Francorum" is Charles III "le Simple" King of the West Franks not Charles II "le Chauve". The document makes no reference to Dirk's family relationship with Waltger. The Annales Egmundani state that Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks granted "forestum Aewasda" to "Theodorico comiti Hollandiæ" in 867 at the request of "Hemma regina", and incidentally also confirm that the same Count Dirk had been granted "Ekmundam…et aliis…inter Forthrepam et Sintherthes" in 863[212]. This text is also dubious from a chronological point of view. The corresponding charter is dated "DCCC[C]LXVIII[I] Id Apr…regnante domno Loth[ario] anno XV", under which "Loth[arius]…rex" granted property "forestum Was[el]a" to "nostro fideli…Theoderico comiti" at the request of "coniunx nostra Hemma regina"[213], although the text contains contradictions which suggest that it is spurious. "Hemma regina" was the wife of Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks, whereas Lothaire II was the king of Lotharingia (whose territory included the Low Countries) who had ruled for fifteen years in 869. The Oorkondenboek van Holland en Zeeland dates this charter to 969, on the assumption that it refers to Count Dirk II, but if that is correct the grantee would have been Emperor Otto I. On the other hand, if the correct date was 869, the only other reference to a Count Dirk around that time is the dubious reference in Beke's Chronologia. He is known to history as DIRK I Count of Holland, although it is unlikely that he used this territorial epithet at the time. He founded the monastery at Egmond. "Theodericus…Holtlandensis comes…Florentii filius" recites the ownership history of properties claimed by the church of Utrecht in Holland, including the foundation of Egmond church by "Theodericus, frater Waldgeri, cum legitima coniuge sua Geua", by spurious charter dated 26 Jul 1083, probably written in [1130][214]. Charles III "le Simple" King of the West Franks restored Kloster Susteren to the abbey of Prüm by charter dated 19 Jan 916 which names "fidelium nostrorum…Widricus comes palatii, Richuuinus comes, Gislebertus, Matfridus, Beringerius comites, Theodericus comes, Reinherus comes, Erleboldus comes, Uualcherus comes"[215]. "Gysalbertus dux rectorque S. Traiectenses ecclesie" donated property "Gulisam…in pago [Ardunensi] in comitatu Everhardi" to Trier by charter dated 928, subscribed by "Walgeri comitis, Thiedrici comitis, Cristiani comitis, Folcoldi comitis"[216]. Flodoard's Annals record that "Gislebertus…dux et Otho, Isaac atque Theodericus comites" offered the French crown to Louis IV "d'Outremer" King of the West Franks in 939[217]. "Dominus Theodericus comes…cum…coniuge sua…Geva" donated property "in villa Franla…in villa Allecmere…in villa Callinge" to the church of Egmond, and "dominus Theodericus junior filius prefati Theoderici" exchanged property "in orientali parte fluminis…Fle" for property "in villa Nienthorp", by undated charter[218]. "Theoderici" is named in charters dated Dec 941 and 11 Mar 948, and "Teoderici comitis" is named in charters dated 10 Jul [936/41] and 8 Jul 949[219]. It is not known whether these later names refer to Dirk I or Dirk II. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "900 Pridie Non Oct" of "Theodericus primus comes" and his burial at Egmond[220], although the year is inconsistent with the other sources cited above.
     "m GEVA, daughter of --- (-11 Jan ----, bur Egmond). The Annales Egmundani name "Geva comitissa" as wife of "Theodericus primus comes [Hollandensium]"[221]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke also records that "Theodricus primus Hollandie comes" married "matronam nobilem…Ghevam"[222]. "Dominus Theodericus comes…cum…coniuge sua…Geva" donated property "in villa Franla…in villa Allecmere…in villa Callinge" to the church of Egmond, and "dominus Theodericus junior filius prefati Theoderici" exchanged property "in orientali parte fluminis…Fle" for property "in villa Nienthorp", by undated charter[223]. "Theodericus…Holtlandensis comes…Florentii filius" recites the ownership history of properties claimed by the church of Utrecht in Holland, including the foundation of Egmond church by "Theodericus, frater Waldgeri, cum legitima coniuge sua Geua", by spurious charter dated 26 Jul 1083, probably written in [1130][224]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "III Id Jan" of "Geva prima comitissa uxor Theoderici" and her burial at Egmond[225]."
Med Lands cites: He was Graaf van West-Frisia/Count of Holland between 898 and 928.^11,10 He was living in 916.² He was Count in Kennemerland between 916 and 939.¹

     Geva (?) married Dirk I (?) Graaf von Kennemerland, son of Gerulf II (?) Graaf van Friesland.^4,5,6
Geva (?) was born in 911.⁷
Geva (?) was buried at Egmond Abbey, Egmond aan den Hoef, Bergen Municipality, Noord-Holland, Netherlands; From Find A Grave:
     BIRTH     unknown
     DEATH     unknown
     Family Members
     Spouse
          Dirk I Of Holland 870–944
     BURIAL     Egmond Abbey, Egmond aan den Hoef, Bergen Municipality, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
     Created by: Our Family History
     Added: 19 Aug 2018
     Find a Grave Memorial 192385542.⁸
      ; Per Genealogy.EU (Holland 1): “Ct Dirk I im Kennemerland (916-939) and Geva N had probably a son”.⁹

; Per Med Lands:
     "DIRK, son of GEROLF Count [of Frisia] & his wife --- (-6 Oct, 928 or after, maybe after 8 Jul 949, bur Egmond). His parentage is deduced from the Chronologia Johannes de Beke which records that Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks granted "ecclesia Egmondensem et Kinhem a Zuitgerdes-Haga" to "Theodrico fratri Walgeri principis" in 863 at the request of "comitis Haganonis"[210], although as explained in the Introduction to the present document there are considerable chronological difficulties with accepting the dating of this text. The same grant of land is also referred to in the charter dated "XVII Kal Iul…anno XXX regnante domno Karolo rege", under which "Karolus…rex Francorum" granted property "Suuithardeshaga usque Fortrapa et Kinnem" to "fideli nostro…Theoderico" in the presence of "Hagano…comes"[211], which is more credible from a chronological point of view, on the assumption that "Karolus…rex Francorum" is Charles III "le Simple" King of the West Franks not Charles II "le Chauve". The document makes no reference to Dirk's family relationship with Waltger. The Annales Egmundani state that Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks granted "forestum Aewasda" to "Theodorico comiti Hollandiæ" in 867 at the request of "Hemma regina", and incidentally also confirm that the same Count Dirk had been granted "Ekmundam…et aliis…inter Forthrepam et Sintherthes" in 863[212]. This text is also dubious from a chronological point of view. The corresponding charter is dated "DCCC[C]LXVIII[I] Id Apr…regnante domno Loth[ario] anno XV", under which "Loth[arius]…rex" granted property "forestum Was[el]a" to "nostro fideli…Theoderico comiti" at the request of "coniunx nostra Hemma regina"[213], although the text contains contradictions which suggest that it is spurious. "Hemma regina" was the wife of Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks, whereas Lothaire II was the king of Lotharingia (whose territory included the Low Countries) who had ruled for fifteen years in 869. The Oorkondenboek van Holland en Zeeland dates this charter to 969, on the assumption that it refers to Count Dirk II, but if that is correct the grantee would have been Emperor Otto I. On the other hand, if the correct date was 869, the only other reference to a Count Dirk around that time is the dubious reference in Beke's Chronologia. He is known to history as DIRK I Count of Holland, although it is unlikely that he used this territorial epithet at the time. He founded the monastery at Egmond. "Theodericus…Holtlandensis comes…Florentii filius" recites the ownership history of properties claimed by the church of Utrecht in Holland, including the foundation of Egmond church by "Theodericus, frater Waldgeri, cum legitima coniuge sua Geua", by spurious charter dated 26 Jul 1083, probably written in [1130][214]. Charles III "le Simple" King of the West Franks restored Kloster Susteren to the abbey of Prüm by charter dated 19 Jan 916 which names "fidelium nostrorum…Widricus comes palatii, Richuuinus comes, Gislebertus, Matfridus, Beringerius comites, Theodericus comes, Reinherus comes, Erleboldus comes, Uualcherus comes"[215]. "Gysalbertus dux rectorque S. Traiectenses ecclesie" donated property "Gulisam…in pago [Ardunensi] in comitatu Everhardi" to Trier by charter dated 928, subscribed by "Walgeri comitis, Thiedrici comitis, Cristiani comitis, Folcoldi comitis"[216]. Flodoard's Annals record that "Gislebertus…dux et Otho, Isaac atque Theodericus comites" offered the French crown to Louis IV "d'Outremer" King of the West Franks in 939[217]. "Dominus Theodericus comes…cum…coniuge sua…Geva" donated property "in villa Franla…in villa Allecmere…in villa Callinge" to the church of Egmond, and "dominus Theodericus junior filius prefati Theoderici" exchanged property "in orientali parte fluminis…Fle" for property "in villa Nienthorp", by undated charter[218]. "Theoderici" is named in charters dated Dec 941 and 11 Mar 948, and "Teoderici comitis" is named in charters dated 10 Jul [936/41] and 8 Jul 949[219]. It is not known whether these later names refer to Dirk I or Dirk II. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "900 Pridie Non Oct" of "Theodericus primus comes" and his burial at Egmond[220], although the year is inconsistent with the other sources cited above.
     "m GEVA, daughter of --- (-11 Jan ----, bur Egmond). The Annales Egmundani name "Geva comitissa" as wife of "Theodericus primus comes [Hollandensium]"[221]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke also records that "Theodricus primus Hollandie comes" married "matronam nobilem…Ghevam"[222]. "Dominus Theodericus comes…cum…coniuge sua…Geva" donated property "in villa Franla…in villa Allecmere…in villa Callinge" to the church of Egmond, and "dominus Theodericus junior filius prefati Theoderici" exchanged property "in orientali parte fluminis…Fle" for property "in villa Nienthorp", by undated charter[223]. "Theodericus…Holtlandensis comes…Florentii filius" recites the ownership history of properties claimed by the church of Utrecht in Holland, including the foundation of Egmond church by "Theodericus, frater Waldgeri, cum legitima coniuge sua Geua", by spurious charter dated 26 Jul 1083, probably written in [1130][224]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "III Id Jan" of "Geva prima comitissa uxor Theoderici" and her burial at Egmond[225]."
Med Lands cites:

Reference: Genealogics cites: Genealogie der Graven van Holland Zaltbommel, 1969. , Dr. A. W. E. Dek, Reference: 11.⁵ Geva (?) was also known as GevaGerberge (?) of Hamalant. GAV-29 EDV-29 GKJ-31.

     Gerulf II (?) Graaf van Friesland was born circa 855; Genealogics says b. ca 855.¹
Gerulf II (?) Graaf van Friesland died after 4 August 889; Wikipedia (Nl.) says d. 898/914.^4,5
     Reference: Genalogics cites: Genealogie der Graven van Holland Zaltbommel, 1969. , Dr. A. W. E. Dek, Reference: 11.¹

; Per Genealogics:
     “The area now known as Holland was formerly known as Friesland, or West-Friesland, and its first counts were entitled counts of Friesland. At that time, Friesland covered the area from the mouth of the river Weser (near Germany's Bremen) to the border of modern Belgium. Today this area is divided into five provinces: Zeeland, South Holland, North Holland, Friesland and Groningen. However, the area ruled over by these counts was only a very small section of the total. From where the first known count lived around the second half of the 9th century, it took until 1100 before his descendants became known as counts of Holland. Apparently the name Holland was derived from the word 'Holtland', which meant either 'Land with a hollow' or 'wood (hout/holt) land'.
     “Gerulf II was an early count of Friesland. He was born about 855-860, the son of Gerulf I, count of Westergo, a vassal of King Louis I 'the Pious'. Gerulf II was a supporter of Godfrey 'the Norseman' (also known as 'the Sea King'), a Viking chief who in 882 had himself christened and was made ruler of Friesland by Emperor Charles III 'The Fat' in an attempt to pacify Godfrey and prevent further murderous raids by his Viking armies. This policy failed, and Friesland became a convenient Viking base which was used to enlarge Godfrey's area.
     “Gerulf II took part in plotting the murder of Godfrey in 885 at a meeting with the emperor's representatives in Herispich (in the Betuwe area in the province of Gelderland) where he had been invited. This ended the Viking rule in Friesland, and in August 889 Arnulf, Markgraf von Kärnten, king of the East-Friesians, gave him the Kennemerland, a coastal area between Katwijk and Schoorl in the present-day province of North Holland.
     “Gerulf left two sons of whom Dirk would have progeny.”.¹

; This is the same person as:
”Gerolf of Holland” at Wikipedia, and as
”Gerulf” at Wikipedia (Nl.)^6,5

; Per Med Lands:
     "GEROLF (-after [4 Aug] 889). Count of Frisia. Regino names "Gerolfum et Gardolfum comites Fresorum", sent by "Godefridem" as legates to the emperor after Hugo, son of King Lothar, rebelled in 885[188]. The Annales Vedastini record that "Godefridus Danus" was killed in the city of "Gerulfi sui fidelis" by "Heinrico duce" in 885[189]. "Arnolfus…rex" granted property "inter Renum et Suithardeshaghe in comitatu ipsius in locis Northa et Osprehtashem" to "comes noster…Gerolfus" by charter dated [4 Aug] 889[190]. This is the area around the town of Tiel in Teisterband and the coastal area around Leiden at the mouth of the river Rhine[191].
     "m ---. The name of Gerolf's wife is not known."
Med Lands cites: Gerulf II (?) Graaf van Friesland was also known as Gerulf Count in the Kennemerland.⁷ GAV-30 EDV-30 GKJ-32. He was living in 885; mentioned.¹ He was Graaf van West-Frisia between 885 and 889.⁵

     Barthélémi I de L'Isle-Bouchard Seigneur de L'Isle-Bouchard married Gerberga de Blaison, daughter of Econ de Blaison and Tchélétis de Trèves.^8,9

Barthélémi I de L'Isle-Bouchard Seigneur de L'Isle-Bouchard died between 1138 and 1141; Genealogics says d. ca 1170; Racines et Histoire says d. 1138/1141.^10,2
      ; Per Racines et Histoire: "Barthélémi 1er + ~1138/41 doublon ? seigneur de L’Isle-Bouchard (1089/95) ép.1170 Gerberge de Blaison ° ~1100/09."⁹

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag, Marburg, Schwennicke, Detlev (Ed.) 14:83.¹

;      I have just realized that I had confused two Barthélémy's, both of whom married women named Geberge/Geberga. I have now corrected this confusion, based on a review of the tertiary sources available to me (Genealogics, Med Lands, Racines et Histoire, and the French version of Wikipedia). I now understand that one Barthélémy (the father of Maubergeon/ Dangerose) was the son of Archambaud dit Borel, while the second Barthélémy (the father of Bouchard V) was the son of the first Barthélémy's brother, Peloquin I. GA Vaut.^{11,1,3,12,5,13}

     Boson II (?) Vicomte de Châtellerault was born circa 1036.¹ He married Eleanore/Alienor de Thouars, daughter of Aimery IV de Thouars Vicomte de Thouars and Arengarde de Mauleon, in 1075.^5,6,1,2

Boson II (?) Vicomte de Châtellerault died in 1092; Genealogics says d. 1092; Med Lands says d. aft 1108; Weis says d. 1092.^5,1
     GAV-24 EDV-25 GKJ-26.

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 818.¹

; Per Genealogy.EU (Rochefoucauld): “B1. Boson de La Rochefoucauld Vcte de Châtellerault 1090; m.Menors de Thouars”.⁷

; Per Med Lands:
     "BOSON [II] de Châtellerault, son of HUGUES [I] Vicomte de Châtellerault & his wife Gerberge --- (-after [1108]). "Hugo vicecomes de Castello Airaudi…et uxor sua Girberga" renounced rights in favour of Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers by charter dated to [1055], which refers to "filios enim quos habebant non permittebat Deus diu vivere" and "Bosone…eorum filio"[640]. Vicomte de Châtellerault. "Boso vicecomes de Castello Ayraudi" confirmed the renunciation of rights by "pater meus Hugo vicecomes et mater mea Erberga" in favour of Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers, by charter dated to [1076][641]. "…Boso vicecomes de Castello Ayraudi…" affirmed the actions of "Amatus [archiepiscopi Burdagelensisi Legatique apostolici]" in the charter dated [1090][642]. An undated charter (dated to [1102]) records that “Boso vicecomes Castri Adraldi et Bartholomæus de Insula et Hugo de Sancta Maura” besieged “rupem...Mirmanda” and attacked Faye, and that subsequent donations were made to Noyers[643]. “Boso proconsul Castri Araldi” donated “viam...Busseriæ” to Noyers, with the support of “uxor proconsulis et duo filii eius Aimericus et Boso et filia eius”, by charter dated to [1108][644].
     "m ([1075] ELEONORE de Thouars, daughter of AIMERY [IV] Vicomte de Thouars & his first wife Orengarde de Mauléon (-after [1108]). "Bossonis vicecomitis, Aimerici filius eius, Adenordis vicecomitissæ" witnessed a charter dated [1082] under which "Erchembaldus Grenulla" donated property to Saint-Jean d'Angély[645]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. "Boso vicecomes et uxor eius Adenors et filii eorum" donated property to St Cyprien by charter dated 1088 subscribed by "Bosonis vicecomitis et Aenoris uxoris eius et filiorum ipsorum Aimerici et Bosonis et sororis eorum Gisberge"[646]. "Willelmus Goscelinus monachus Sancti Cipriani" donated property to St Cyprien by charter dated [1088] subscribed by "Boso vicecomes, Ainors uxor, filii ipsorum Aimericus, Boso et Petrus"[647]. "Castri Araldus vicecomes…Boso…cum uxore Adenorde et filio Aimerico" donated property "allodium…in Brigisensi pago apud villam Culturas" to the abbey of Saint-Florent near Saumur by undated charter subscribed by "filii eius minoris Bosonis"[648]. “Boso proconsul Castri Araldi” donated “viam...Busseriæ” to Noyers, with the support of “uxor proconsulis et duo filii eius Aimericus et Boso et filia eius”, by charter dated to [1108][649]."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Weis: "Eleanor de Thouars, m. 1075, Boso II, Viscount de Chastellerault, d. 1092, was son of Hugh de Chastellerault and Gerberga de Rochefoucauld.”.⁵

     Eleanore/Alienor de Thouars was born in 1050.⁴ She married Boson II (?) Vicomte de Châtellerault, son of Hugues I (?) Vicomte de Châtellerault and Gerberga de La Rochefoucauld, in 1075.^5,1,6,7

Eleanore/Alienor de Thouars died in 1093.⁴
      ; Per Genealogy.EU (Rochefoucauld): “B1. Boson de La Rochefoucauld Vcte de Châtellerault 1090; m.Menors de Thouars”.⁸

; Per Med Lands:
     "BOSON [II] de Châtellerault, son of HUGUES [I] Vicomte de Châtellerault & his wife Gerberge --- (-after [1108]). "Hugo vicecomes de Castello Airaudi…et uxor sua Girberga" renounced rights in favour of Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers by charter dated to [1055], which refers to "filios enim quos habebant non permittebat Deus diu vivere" and "Bosone…eorum filio"[640]. Vicomte de Châtellerault. "Boso vicecomes de Castello Ayraudi" confirmed the renunciation of rights by "pater meus Hugo vicecomes et mater mea Erberga" in favour of Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers, by charter dated to [1076][641]. "…Boso vicecomes de Castello Ayraudi…" affirmed the actions of "Amatus [archiepiscopi Burdagelensisi Legatique apostolici]" in the charter dated [1090][642]. An undated charter (dated to [1102]) records that “Boso vicecomes Castri Adraldi et Bartholomæus de Insula et Hugo de Sancta Maura” besieged “rupem...Mirmanda” and attacked Faye, and that subsequent donations were made to Noyers[643]. “Boso proconsul Castri Araldi” donated “viam...Busseriæ” to Noyers, with the support of “uxor proconsulis et duo filii eius Aimericus et Boso et filia eius”, by charter dated to [1108][644].
     "m ([1075] ELEONORE de Thouars, daughter of AIMERY [IV] Vicomte de Thouars & his first wife Orengarde de Mauléon (-after [1108]). "Bossonis vicecomitis, Aimerici filius eius, Adenordis vicecomitissæ" witnessed a charter dated [1082] under which "Erchembaldus Grenulla" donated property to Saint-Jean d'Angély[645]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. "Boso vicecomes et uxor eius Adenors et filii eorum" donated property to St Cyprien by charter dated 1088 subscribed by "Bosonis vicecomitis et Aenoris uxoris eius et filiorum ipsorum Aimerici et Bosonis et sororis eorum Gisberge"[646]. "Willelmus Goscelinus monachus Sancti Cipriani" donated property to St Cyprien by charter dated [1088] subscribed by "Boso vicecomes, Ainors uxor, filii ipsorum Aimericus, Boso et Petrus"[647]. "Castri Araldus vicecomes…Boso…cum uxore Adenorde et filio Aimerico" donated property "allodium…in Brigisensi pago apud villam Culturas" to the abbey of Saint-Florent near Saumur by undated charter subscribed by "filii eius minoris Bosonis"[648]. “Boso proconsul Castri Araldi” donated “viam...Busseriæ” to Noyers, with the support of “uxor proconsulis et duo filii eius Aimericus et Boso et filia eius”, by charter dated to [1108][649]."
Med Lands cites: GAV-24 EDV-25 GKJ-26.

; Per Weis: "Eleanor de Thouars, m. 1075, Boso II, Viscount de Chastellerault, d. 1092, was son of Hugh de Chastellerault and Gerberga de Rochefoucauld.”.⁵ She was living in 1088.¹

     Adalbert/Aldebert II (?) Comte de La Marche was born circa 1032.^2,8 He married Ponce/Poncie/Poncia (?) circa 1080.^9,2,10,8,11

Adalbert/Aldebert II (?) Comte de La Marche died in 1088.^10,8
     GAV-25 EDV-26.

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 819.¹⁰ Adalbert/Aldebert II (?) Comte de La Marche was also known as Aldebert II (?) Comte de La Marche.¹⁰ Adalbert/Aldebert II (?) Comte de La Marche was also known as Audebert II de La Marche Comte de La Marche.¹⁰

; Per Med Lands:
     "AUDEBERT [II] de la Marche (-1088). The Chronicle of Saint-Maxence names "Audeberti comitis Marchiæ…filius Bernardi, qui fuit Audeberti, qui fuit Bosonis, qui Sulpicii, qui fuit Godfredi primi comitis de Karrofo"[43]. He succeeded his father [1038/1047] as Comte de la Marche. "…Audeberti comitis de Marca…" subscribed the charter dated [1047] under which "Guilelmus…princeps Arvernorum" donated property to the abbey of Charroux[44]. "Audebertus comes filius Bernardi et frater meus Odo et mater nostra, necnon Aymericus de Gentiaco et Giraldus filius eius" relinquished rights "in curte Mariaco" in favour of Nouaillé by charter dated Jun [1040/48][45]. "Aldeberti comitis" subscribed the charter dated [1058/68] of "Aquitanorum…dux Gaufridus"[46]. “Hildebertus comes...et Odo frater eiusdem Hildeberti” confirmed the acquisition of “terram Montis Johannis” by Limoges Saint-Etienne by charter dated to [1081][47]. The Chronicle of Saint-Maxence records the death in 1088 of "Audebertus comes de Marchia" and the succession of "Boso filius eius"[48].
     "m PONCE, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. [1080]."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Racines et Histoire: "Adalbert II de la Marche ° ~1032 + 1088 comte de La Marche (~ 1038/47) (souscrit charte 1047 de Guillaume d’Auvergne don à Charroux ; charte aquitaine 1058/68) ép. ~1080 Poncie (Poncia.)⁸"
He was comte de La Marche in 1038.²

     Aremburge/Asceline (?) married Raoul I (?) Vicomte de Thouars, son of Arbert/Herbert I de Thouars Vicomte de Thouars and Aldéarde (?) d'Aulnay.^2,1

     GAV-29.

; Leo van de Pas cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 810.² Aremburge/Asceline (?) was also known as Aremburge "Aeceline" (?)² She was living in 1015.²

     Thibaut de Thouars was living in 993.¹

     Geoffroy de Thouars was living in 1014.¹

     Arbert/Herbert I de Thouars Vicomte de Thouars married Aldéarde (?) d'Aulnay, daughter of Cadelon II-III (?) Vicomte d'Aulnay and Senégonde de Marcillac, before 970
; her 1st husband.^7,3,8,4,9,10
Arbert/Herbert I de Thouars Vicomte de Thouars died before January 987.^1,4
     GAV-28 EDV-28 GKJ-30.

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 810.⁴

; Per Genealogy.EU: "C1. Vcte Herbert I de Thouars, +ca 987; m.Alearde d'Aunay."¹¹

; Per Med Lands:
     "ARBERT [I] de Thouars, son of --- (-before Jan 987). Vicomte de Thouars. "Arberti vicecomitis, Cadelomis vicecomitis, Airaldi vicecomitis..." subscribed the charter dated 951 under which "Willelmus Dux rectorque Aquitaniorum" donated serfs to Angers Saint-Jean[1037]. "Guillelmus…Aquitanici ducatus comes" was present in a property transaction recorded by charter dated Jul 959 subscribed by "…Arberti vicecomiti…"[1038]. "Aimericus et uxor sua…Milesenda" sold "salina mea…in pago Alieninse in marisco…Truncca" to "Mainardi vicecomes et coniux sua Rixenda" by charter dated Feb 957 or 960, signed by "…Arbertus vicecomes, Hadelus vicecomes…"[1039]. "Arberti vicecomiti..." subscribed the charter dated Aug 964 under which "Israel" donated property “in condita Toarcensi in villa Regniaco” to Saint-Jouin-de-Marnes[1040]. "…Arberti vicecomitis…" subscribed the charter dated Jan [965/66] under which "Ebulus…Lemovicensium sedis episcopus" donated property to Saint-Maixent[1041]. "Adraldo vicecomes, Arbertus vicecomes, Kadeloni vicecomes…" subscribed the charter dated Jan 969 under which "Wilelmus…Aquitaniensium dux et cœnobii…Hylarii abbas" donated property to "Mainardo", at the request of "patruus noster domnus Ebolus, sancte Lemovicensis sedis episcopus atque…beati Hylarii archiclavus"[1042]. Lothaire King of the West Franks granted property, which had previously belonged to “Aymericus Thoarcensis”, to “Arberto Thoarcensi vicecomiti et uxori suæ Hildegardi” for life by charter dated 19 Jan 973 (presumably O.S.)[1043]. Aldéarde donated property for the soul of her husband by charter dated Jan 987[1044].
     "m (before [970]) as her first husband, ALDEARDE d'Aulnay, daughter of CADELON [II] Vicomte d'Aulnay & his first wife Sénégonde --- (-after [1015/20]). "Senegundis" donated property "in pago Alnisio" to the Saint-Maixent by charter dated May 964 subscribed by "Cadelonis, Ebulonis, Ode, Aldeardis, Goscelmi"[1045], "Aldeardis" presumably referring to her daughter. Lothaire King of the West Franks granted property, which had previously belonged to “Aymericus Thoarcensis”, to “Arberto Thoarcensi vicecomiti et uxori suæ Hildegardi” for life by charter dated 19 Jan 973 (presumably O.S.)[1046]. Aldéarde donated property for the soul of her husband by charter dated Jan 987[1047]. "Audeardis et filii meum" returned property to Saint-Maixent by charter dated 13 May 988 which refers to the burial of "Arbertum seniorem meum" and was subscribed by "…Aimerici filii sui…"[1048]. "…Hildegardis matris eius…" subscribed the charter dated [994/95] under which "Aimericus vicecomes Toarcensium…uxori meæ Eluis" donated property "in pago Toarcinse in vicaria ipsius castri" to the abbey of Saint-Florent near Saumur[1049]. She married secondly (before 13 May 988) as his second wife, Arnaud "Mancer" Comte d'Angoulême. The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not yet been identified, although it is indicated by the following document, which also confirms her parentage. "Aldegardis comptissa" donated property "in Niortinse juxta ecclesiam Sancti Gaudentii" to Nouaillé, for the souls of "Kadeloni genitrice meo et…Senegundis genetrici mea…et…Arberti vicecomitis et…Arnaldi comitis", by charter dated Jan 988 or 992[1050]. "Aimericus vicecomes Toarcensium…uxori meæ Eluis" donated property "in pago Toarcinse in vicaria ipsius castri" to the abbey of Saint-Florent near Saumur by charter dated [994/95], subscribed by “Saverici avunculi eius, Saverici fratris eius, Radulfi fratris eius, Tetboldi fratris eius, Gauzfridi fratris eius, Hildegardis matris eius, Eluis uxoris eius...”[1051]. An agreement between the abbots of Jumièges and Bourgueil concerning an exchange of land in Poitou, by charter dated [13 Apr/4 Apr] 1012, is subscribed by "Richardus…filius Ricardi principi magni…Vuillelmus Pictavorum comes…Rodulfus vicecomes et uxor eius [not named] et mater eius Heldiardis et Gosfredus frater eius"[1052]. "Vicecomes Gaufredus" donated property "Flaheziacus sicuti fecerat avunculus meus et antecessor Radulfus" to St Cyprien by charter dated [1015/20] subscribed by "Willelmi comitis, Aldeardis vicecomitisse"[1053]."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Racines et Histoire (Thouars): “Arbert (Herbert) 1er de Thouars + avant 13/05/988 (dès 01/987) vicomte de Thouars (~951) (cité charte 07/959 ; charte à Saint-Maixent 965/66)
     ép. ~970 Aldéarde (Hildegarde) d’Aunay + après 998 (1020 ?) (fille de Cadelon II, vicomte d’Aunay, et de Sénégonde (de Marcillac ?) ; ép. 2) avant 13/05/988 Arnaud «Mancer», comte d’Angoulême + dès 991) (citée chartes à Saint-Maixent 05/964, 13/05/988 ; 994/95 à Saint-Florent de Saumur ; agrément entre Bourgueuil et Jumièges ~13/04/1012)”.¹²

; Per Med Lands:
     "ALDEARDE (-after [1015/20]). "Senegundis" donated property "in pago Alnisio" to the Saint-Maixent by charter dated May 964 subscribed by "Cadelonis, Ebulonis, Ode, Aldeardis, Goscelmi"[51], "Aldeardis" presumably referring to her daughter. Aldéarde donated property for the soul of her husband by charter dated Jan 987[52]. "Audeardis et filii meum" returned property to Saint-Maixent by charter dated 13 May 988 which refers to the burial of "Arbertum seniorem meum" and was subscribed by "…Aimerici filii sui…"[53]. The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not yet been identified, although it is indicated by the following document, which also confirms her parentage. "Aldegardis comptissa" donated property "in Niortinse juxta ecclesiam Sancti Gaudentii" to Nouaillé, for the souls of "Kadeloni genitrice meo et…Senegundis genetrici mea…et…Arberti vicecomitis et…Arnaldi comitis", by charter dated Jan 988 or 992[54]. "Aimericus vicecomes Toarcensium…uxori meæ Eluis" donated property "in pago Toarcinse in vicaria ipsius castri" to the abbey of Saint-Florent near Saumur by charter dated [994/95], subscribed by “Saverici avunculi eius, Saverici fratris eius, Radulfi fratris eius, Tetboldi fratris eius, Gauzfridi fratris eius, Hildegardis matris eius, Eluis uxoris eius...”[55]. An agreement between the abbots of Jumièges and Bourgueil concerning an exchange of land in Poitou, by charter dated [13 Apr/4 Apr] 1012, is subscribed by "Richardus…filius Ricardi principi magni…Vuillelmus Pictavorum comes…Rodulfus vicecomes et uxor eius [not named] et mater eius Heldiardis et Gosfredus frater eius"[56]. "Vicecomes Gaufredus" donated property "Flaheziacus sicuti fecerat avunculus meus et antecessor Radulfus" to St Cyprien by charter dated [1015/20] subscribed by "Willelmi comitis, Aldeardis vicecomitisse"[57].
     "m firstly ARBERT [I] Vicomte de Thouars, son of --- (-before Jan 987).
     "m secondly (before 13 May 988) as his second wife, ARNAUD "Mancer" Comte d'Angoulême, illegitimate son of GUILLAUME II "Taillefer" Comte d'Angoulême & his mistress --- (-[4] Mar [989/91])."
Med Lands cites: He was Vicomte de Thouars
Per Wikipédia (Fr.): "vers 960-987 : Herbert Ier. Il était le fils d'Aimery II. Geoffroy Grisegonnelle, comte d'Anjou, apparaît comme suzerain et protecteur du vicomte Herbert (il en sera de même, d'ailleurs, vis-à-vis de son fils Aimery III). Depuis environ 973, Geoffroy était en possession des points forts de Loudun et Mirebeau et enserrait donc les domaines du vicomte de Thouars. Herbert épousa en 956 Aldéarde (ou Hildegarde), fille de Cadelon Ier, vicomte d'Aulnay et de Sénégonde de Marcillac. En 971, Aldéarde fonda l'église d'Airvault, elle mourut après l'an mil. Herbert et Aldéarde eurent plusieurs enfants : Aimery III, Savary III, Raoul Ier, Thibault et Geoffroy." between 960 and 987.¹³

     Aldéarde (?) d'Aulnay married Arbert/Herbert I de Thouars Vicomte de Thouars, son of Aimery II de Thouars Vicomte de Thouars and Alienor or Hardouine (?), before 970
; her 1st husband.^{10,9,2,11,12,5} Aldéarde (?) d'Aulnay married Arnauld "Mancer" d'Angoulême Comte d'Angoulême, son of Guillaume II Taillefer (?) Comte d'Angoulême, before 13 May 988
;
His 2nd wife; her 2nd husband.^5,13,14
Aldéarde (?) d'Aulnay died in 1020; Racines et Histoire says d. 1020; Med Lands says d. 1015/1020.^9,5
     ; Per Med Lands:
     "ARNAUD "Mancer" d'Angoulême, illegitimate son of GUILLAUME [II] "Taillefer" Comte d'Angoulême & his mistress --- (-[4] Mar [989/91], bur Angoulême Saint-Cybard). The Chronicle of Adémar de Chabannes records that the testament of "Willelmus Sector ferri" was signed by "…Arnaldus filius Willelmi, Adhemarus filius Willelmi", another manuscript stating that he had no children by his wife and that these two sons were born "ex concubinis"[503]. Ademar names Arnaud son of "Willelmi Sectoris-ferri", recording that he defeated and killed his second cousin Ranulf "Bompar" in 975[504], succeeding as Comte d'Angoulême. The Historia Pontificum et Comitum Engolismensis records that, after the death of “fratre eius Guillelmo” (“eius” referring to “Arnaldus cognomento Borrario”), “Rannulfus Bonparus” was killed by “Arnoldo Manzere, id est, adulterino filio Guillelmi Sectoris-ferri” who gained control of “principatum Engolismæ”[505]. The Chronicle of Adémar de Chabannes records that "Arnaldus…comes Engolismensis" abdicated in 988 in favour of his son Guillaume, took the monastic habit at "ecclesia Buxensi sancti Amancii" and entered the monastery of "sancti Eparchii" [Saint-Cybard] where he was buried "IV Non Mar" next to his father[506].
     "m firstly RAINGARDE, sister of BELLUS HOMO, daughter of ---. "Willelmus Engolismensium comes" founded the priory of Vindelle with the consent of "coniuge mea Girberge atque filiis…meis vivis Helduini seu Gauzfredi" for the souls of "progenitoris mei seu genetrice mea Hernaldi atque Raingardi" by undated charter which also names "[filii sui] defuncti Harnaldi atque Willelmi"[507]. "Willelmus comes" restored the monastery of Saint-Amant-de-Boixe to the cathedral of Angoulême by charter dated 988 after 4 Mar, naming "genitoris mei Arnaldi et Bellus Homo clericus avunculus meus"[508].
     "m secondly (before 13 May 988) ALDEARDE d'Aulnay, widow of ARBERT [I] Vicomte de Thouars, daughter of CADELON [II] Vicomte d'Aulnay & his first wife Sénégonde --- (-after [1015/20]). "Senegundis" donated property "in pago Alnisio" to the Saint-Maixent by charter dated May 964 subscribed by "Cadelonis, Ebulonis, Ode, Aldeardis, Goscelmi"[509], "Aldeardis" presumably referring to her daughter. "Audeardis et filii meum" returned property to Saint-Maixent by charter dated 13 May 988 which refers to the burial of "Arbertum seniorem meum" and was subscribed by "…Aimerici filii sui…"[510]. However, the document which links these two references and confirms that Aldéarde wife of Vicomte Arbert [I] was the daughter of Cadelon [III] has not so far been located. The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not yet been identified. However, it is indicated by the charter dated Jan 988 or 992 under which "Aldegardis comptissa" donated property "in Niortinse juxta ecclesiam Sancti Gaudentii" to Nouaillé, for the souls of "Kadeloni genitrice meo et…Senegundis genetrici mea…et…Arberti vicecomitis et…Arnaldi comitis"[511]. "Aimericus vicecomes Toarcensium…uxori meæ Eluis" donated property "in pago Toarcinse in vicaria ipsius castri" to the abbey of Saint-Florent near Saumur by charter dated [994/95], subscribed by “Saverici avunculi eius, Saverici fratris eius, Radulfi fratris eius, Tetboldi fratris eius, Gauzfridi fratris eius, Hildegardis matris eius, Eluis uxoris eius...”[512]. An agreement between the abbots of Jumièges and Bourgueil concerning an exchange of land in Poitou, by charter dated [13 Apr/4 Apr] 1012, is subscribed by "Richardus…filius Ricardi principi magni…Vuillelmus Pictavorum comes…Rodulfus vicecomes et uxor eius [not named] et mater eius Heldiardis et Gosfredus frater eius"[513]. "Vicecomes Gaufredus" donated property "Flaheziacus sicuti fecerat avunculus meus et antecessor Radulfus" to St Cyprien by charter dated [1015/20] subscribed by "Willelmi comitis, Aldeardis vicecomitisse"[514]."
Med Lands cites:
; Per Racines et Histoire (Angoulême): "?) Arnaud «Mancer» d’Angoulême + un 04/03 entre 989 et 991 comte d’Angoulême (975) succède à son père en battant et tuant son compétiteur Ranulf «Bompar» (975), abdique (988) et prend l’habit à Saint-Amant de Boixe (cité charte de don à Saint-Cybard d’après 942)
     ép. 1) dès 985 Raingarde (dite soeur de «Bellus Homo», clerc)
     ép. 2) avant 13/05/988 Aldéarde d’Aulnay + 1020 (fille de Cadelon II, vicomte d’Aulnay, et de Senegundis ; veuve d’Arbert 1er, vicomte de Thouars) (donne en propre des biens à Saint-Maixent situés au pays d’Aulnay par charte 05/964 ; autre charte aux mêmes 13/05/988.)¹⁴"

; Per Med Lands:
     "ARBERT [I] de Thouars, son of --- (-before Jan 987). Vicomte de Thouars. "Arberti vicecomitis, Cadelomis vicecomitis, Airaldi vicecomitis..." subscribed the charter dated 951 under which "Willelmus Dux rectorque Aquitaniorum" donated serfs to Angers Saint-Jean[1037]. "Guillelmus…Aquitanici ducatus comes" was present in a property transaction recorded by charter dated Jul 959 subscribed by "…Arberti vicecomiti…"[1038]. "Aimericus et uxor sua…Milesenda" sold "salina mea…in pago Alieninse in marisco…Truncca" to "Mainardi vicecomes et coniux sua Rixenda" by charter dated Feb 957 or 960, signed by "…Arbertus vicecomes, Hadelus vicecomes…"[1039]. "Arberti vicecomiti..." subscribed the charter dated Aug 964 under which "Israel" donated property “in condita Toarcensi in villa Regniaco” to Saint-Jouin-de-Marnes[1040]. "…Arberti vicecomitis…" subscribed the charter dated Jan [965/66] under which "Ebulus…Lemovicensium sedis episcopus" donated property to Saint-Maixent[1041]. "Adraldo vicecomes, Arbertus vicecomes, Kadeloni vicecomes…" subscribed the charter dated Jan 969 under which "Wilelmus…Aquitaniensium dux et cœnobii…Hylarii abbas" donated property to "Mainardo", at the request of "patruus noster domnus Ebolus, sancte Lemovicensis sedis episcopus atque…beati Hylarii archiclavus"[1042]. Lothaire King of the West Franks granted property, which had previously belonged to “Aymericus Thoarcensis”, to “Arberto Thoarcensi vicecomiti et uxori suæ Hildegardi” for life by charter dated 19 Jan 973 (presumably O.S.)[1043]. Aldéarde donated property for the soul of her husband by charter dated Jan 987[1044].
     "m (before [970]) as her first husband, ALDEARDE d'Aulnay, daughter of CADELON [II] Vicomte d'Aulnay & his first wife Sénégonde --- (-after [1015/20]). "Senegundis" donated property "in pago Alnisio" to the Saint-Maixent by charter dated May 964 subscribed by "Cadelonis, Ebulonis, Ode, Aldeardis, Goscelmi"[1045], "Aldeardis" presumably referring to her daughter. Lothaire King of the West Franks granted property, which had previously belonged to “Aymericus Thoarcensis”, to “Arberto Thoarcensi vicecomiti et uxori suæ Hildegardi” for life by charter dated 19 Jan 973 (presumably O.S.)[1046]. Aldéarde donated property for the soul of her husband by charter dated Jan 987[1047]. "Audeardis et filii meum" returned property to Saint-Maixent by charter dated 13 May 988 which refers to the burial of "Arbertum seniorem meum" and was subscribed by "…Aimerici filii sui…"[1048]. "…Hildegardis matris eius…" subscribed the charter dated [994/95] under which "Aimericus vicecomes Toarcensium…uxori meæ Eluis" donated property "in pago Toarcinse in vicaria ipsius castri" to the abbey of Saint-Florent near Saumur[1049]. She married secondly (before 13 May 988) as his second wife, Arnaud "Mancer" Comte d'Angoulême. The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not yet been identified, although it is indicated by the following document, which also confirms her parentage. "Aldegardis comptissa" donated property "in Niortinse juxta ecclesiam Sancti Gaudentii" to Nouaillé, for the souls of "Kadeloni genitrice meo et…Senegundis genetrici mea…et…Arberti vicecomitis et…Arnaldi comitis", by charter dated Jan 988 or 992[1050]. "Aimericus vicecomes Toarcensium…uxori meæ Eluis" donated property "in pago Toarcinse in vicaria ipsius castri" to the abbey of Saint-Florent near Saumur by charter dated [994/95], subscribed by “Saverici avunculi eius, Saverici fratris eius, Radulfi fratris eius, Tetboldi fratris eius, Gauzfridi fratris eius, Hildegardis matris eius, Eluis uxoris eius...”[1051]. An agreement between the abbots of Jumièges and Bourgueil concerning an exchange of land in Poitou, by charter dated [13 Apr/4 Apr] 1012, is subscribed by "Richardus…filius Ricardi principi magni…Vuillelmus Pictavorum comes…Rodulfus vicecomes et uxor eius [not named] et mater eius Heldiardis et Gosfredus frater eius"[1052]. "Vicecomes Gaufredus" donated property "Flaheziacus sicuti fecerat avunculus meus et antecessor Radulfus" to St Cyprien by charter dated [1015/20] subscribed by "Willelmi comitis, Aldeardis vicecomitisse"[1053]."
Med Lands cites:

; Per Genealogy.EU: "C1. Vcte Herbert I de Thouars, +ca 987; m.Alearde d'Aunay."¹⁵ GAV-28 EDV-29 GKJ-30. Aldéarde (?) d'Aulnay was also known as Aldearde d'Aulnay.^3,4

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 810.²

; Per Racines et Histoire (Thouars): “Arbert (Herbert) 1er de Thouars + avant 13/05/988 (dès 01/987) vicomte de Thouars (~951) (cité charte 07/959 ; charte à Saint-Maixent 965/66)
     ép. ~970 Aldéarde (Hildegarde) d’Aunay + après 998 (1020 ?) (fille de Cadelon II, vicomte d’Aunay, et de Sénégonde (de Marcillac ?) ; ép. 2) avant 13/05/988 Arnaud «Mancer», comte d’Angoulême + dès 991) (citée chartes à Saint-Maixent 05/964, 13/05/988 ; 994/95 à Saint-Florent de Saumur ; agrément entre Bourgueuil et Jumièges ~13/04/1012)”.¹⁶

; Per Med Lands:
     "ALDEARDE (-after [1015/20]). "Senegundis" donated property "in pago Alnisio" to the Saint-Maixent by charter dated May 964 subscribed by "Cadelonis, Ebulonis, Ode, Aldeardis, Goscelmi"[51], "Aldeardis" presumably referring to her daughter. Aldéarde donated property for the soul of her husband by charter dated Jan 987[52]. "Audeardis et filii meum" returned property to Saint-Maixent by charter dated 13 May 988 which refers to the burial of "Arbertum seniorem meum" and was subscribed by "…Aimerici filii sui…"[53]. The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not yet been identified, although it is indicated by the following document, which also confirms her parentage. "Aldegardis comptissa" donated property "in Niortinse juxta ecclesiam Sancti Gaudentii" to Nouaillé, for the souls of "Kadeloni genitrice meo et…Senegundis genetrici mea…et…Arberti vicecomitis et…Arnaldi comitis", by charter dated Jan 988 or 992[54]. "Aimericus vicecomes Toarcensium…uxori meæ Eluis" donated property "in pago Toarcinse in vicaria ipsius castri" to the abbey of Saint-Florent near Saumur by charter dated [994/95], subscribed by “Saverici avunculi eius, Saverici fratris eius, Radulfi fratris eius, Tetboldi fratris eius, Gauzfridi fratris eius, Hildegardis matris eius, Eluis uxoris eius...”[55]. An agreement between the abbots of Jumièges and Bourgueil concerning an exchange of land in Poitou, by charter dated [13 Apr/4 Apr] 1012, is subscribed by "Richardus…filius Ricardi principi magni…Vuillelmus Pictavorum comes…Rodulfus vicecomes et uxor eius [not named] et mater eius Heldiardis et Gosfredus frater eius"[56]. "Vicecomes Gaufredus" donated property "Flaheziacus sicuti fecerat avunculus meus et antecessor Radulfus" to St Cyprien by charter dated [1015/20] subscribed by "Willelmi comitis, Aldeardis vicecomitisse"[57].
     "m firstly ARBERT [I] Vicomte de Thouars, son of --- (-before Jan 987).
     "m secondly (before 13 May 988) as his second wife, ARNAUD "Mancer" Comte d'Angoulême, illegitimate son of GUILLAUME II "Taillefer" Comte d'Angoulême & his mistress --- (-[4] Mar [989/91])."
Med Lands cites: She was living in 970.⁴

     Cadelon II-III (?) Vicomte d'Aulnay married Arsendis (?)
;
His 2nd wife.² Cadelon II-III (?) Vicomte d'Aulnay was born between 915 and 920.² He married Senégonde de Marcillac in 958
;
His 1st wife.^3,2,4
Cadelon II-III (?) Vicomte d'Aulnay died before 988; Genealogics says d, bef 988; Med Lands says d. 967/87.^3,2
     GAV-29 EDV-30 GKJ-31.

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 810, 814.³ Cadelon II-III (?) Vicomte d'Aulnay was also known as Cadelon II vicomte d'Aulnay et de Senegundis.⁵

; Per Med Lands:
     "CADELON [II] ([915/20][22]-[967/87). "Guillelmum…Pictavorum comes" transferred land by charter dated Dec 948 subscribed by "…Cadeloni, iterum Cadeloni vicarii…"[23]. Vicomte d'Aulnay. "Arberti vicecomitis, Cadelomis vicecomitis, Airaldi vicecomitis..." subscribed the charter dated 951 under which "Willelmus Dux rectorque Aquitaniorum" donated serfs to Angers Saint-Jean[24]. "Guillelmus…Aquitanici ducatus comes" was present in a property transaction recorded by charter dated Jul 959 subscribed by "…Cadeloni vicecomiti…"[25]. "…Chadelonis vicecomitis" subscribed a charter dated [960] which records the restoration by "Eblo episcopus Lemovice civitatis et comes Pictavorum" of the abbey of Saint-Maixent[26]. "…Cadelonis vicecomitis" subscribed a charter dated [963/75] under which "nobilis quedam mulier Oda" donated property to St Cyprien, Poitiers "pro redemptione anime sue et senioris sui Isemberti"[27]. "…Cadeloni vicecomitis…" subscribed the charter dated Jan [965/66] under which "Ebulus…Lemovicensium sedis episcopus" donated property to Saint-Maixent[28]. "Adraldo vicecomes, Arbertus vicecomes, Kadeloni vicecomes…" subscribed the charter dated Jan 969 under which "Wilelmus…Aquitaniensium dux et cœnobii…Hylarii abbas" donated property to "Mainardo", at the request of "patruus noster domnus Ebolus, sancte Lemovicensis sedis episcopus atque…beati Hylarii archiclavus"[29].
     "m firstly SENEGONDE, daughter of --- (-[May 964/966]). "Kadelo vicecomes et uxor sua Senegundis" donated property to St Cyprien by charter dated 963 or 964 subscribed by "…Kadelonis filii ipsorum, Adraldi vicecomitis"[30]. "Katalo vicecomes et uxor mea Senegundis" donated property "in pago Briocinse in ipsa vicaria…villam Vindolemia…et in pago Aunisio" to the abbey of Saint-Maixent by charter dated May 964 subscribed by "Ebuli, Ebboni, Kadeloni, Ode, Goscelmi…"[31]. "Senegundis" donated property "in pago Alnisio" to Saint-Maixent by charter dated May 964 subscribed by "Cadelonis, Ebulonis, Ode, Aldeardis, Goscelmi"[32]. These two donations were probably made when Senegundis was dying (although neither document expressly states this to be the case) as her husband is recorded within two years with his second wife.
     "m secondly ARSENDIS, daughter of ---. "Kadelo vicecomes et uxor sua Arsendis et frater eius vicecomes Ebblus" donated property to St Cyprien by charter dated 966 or 967[33]. The reference to Ebles clarifies that this document refers to Cadelon [III] not to his son Cadelon [IV] (whose wife was also named Arsendis)."
Med Lands cites:
; Per Med Lands:
     "The relationship between the first two vicomtes named Cadelon has not been confirmed, although it is likely that they were father and son. Europäische Stammtafeln[11] shows a third Cadelon in the series between the individuals who are shown below as Cadelon [I] and Cadelon [II]. However, from a chronological point of view it is more likely that there were only two different vicomtes Cadelon mentioned between [921] and [967]. The same source also shows yet another Cadelon between the ones shown below as Cadelon [III] and Cadelon [IV]. However, assigning broad estimated birth date ranges to each individual in this family shows that there is probably insufficient time for another generation, although it is recognised that this is an inevitably inaccurate process. The name "Cadelon" suggests a connection with "Chadalhoh[Kadelonis", the name of several counts in Carinthia and Bavaria between the 9th and 11th centuries."
Med Lands cites; [11] ES III 814.²

     Aimery II de Thouars Vicomte de Thouars married Alienor or Hardouine (?)^5,6,3
Aimery II de Thouars Vicomte de Thouars married Hildegarde (?)
;
His 2nd wife.⁷
Aimery II de Thouars Vicomte de Thouars died between 956 and 960; Both Wikipedia and Wikipédia (Fr.) List his dates as Vicomte de Thouars until 960/"vers 960" (respectively).^1,3,8,9
     GAV-29 EDV-30 GKJ-31.

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 810.³

; Per Wikipedia: "943-960: Aimery II. Son of Aimery I. He was a faithful ally of his suzerain Geoffroy Grisegonnelle, Count of Anjou, who awarded him the goods Chavagne near the monastery of Saint Maixent to Faye near the Abbess and Bressuire Miss south of Thouars. In 955 he donated land, the Abbess Faye always to the benefit of the Abbey Saint Bonneval lès Thouars. Aimery II married Eleanor by 935, with whom he had a son, Herbert I.."

Per Wikipédia (Fr.): "943- vers 960 : Aimery II. Fils d'Aimery Ier, il est le frère de Savary II. Il fut un fidèle allié de son suzerain Geoffroy Grisegonnelle comte d'Anjou, celui-ci lui attribua des biens à Chavagné près du monastère de Saint-Maixent, à Faye-l'Abbesse près de Bressuire et à Missé, au sud de Thouars. En 955 il fit don de terres, toujours à Faye-l'Abbesse, au bénéfice de l'abbaye Saint-Bonneval-lès-Thouars. Aimery II épousa Aliénor en 935, avec qui il eut un fils, Herbert Ier."^8,9

; Per Med Lands:
     "AIMERY [II] (-after [955/56], maybe after Jul 978). Vicomte de Thouars. Vicomte Aimery donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-de-Bonneval-lès-Thouars, with the consent of "Aliénor ou Hardouine sa femme", by charter dated 955[1025]. "Aimerici vicecomitis, Savarici fratris sui" subscribed the donation by "Frotbaudus sacerdos" of property "in pago Pictavo in vicaria Toarcinse in villa…Orioni" to St Cyprien by charter dated [955/56][1026]. "Aimerici vicecomitis, Savarici vicecomitis" subscribed a charter dated [975/1000] under which "Berengerius…ex parte Rorgonis consanguinei sui" donated property to St Cyprien[1027]. "...Aymerici vice-comitis..." subscribed the charter dated Jul 978 under which "Ucbertus et uxor mea...Melescenda" donated property “in condita Toarcinse, in vicaria Toarcinse, in villa...Lusiaco” to Saint-Jouin-de-Marnes[1028].
     "m [firstly] ELEONORE [Hardouine], daughter of --- (-after 955). Vicomte Aimery donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-de-Bonneval-lès-Thouars, with the consent of "Aliénor ou Hardouine sa femme", by charter dated 955[1029].
     "[m secondly HILDEGARDE, daughter of ---. "Lotharius rex Francorum" issued a charter dated 19 Jan 973 which names "Aymericus Thoarcensis vicecomitis et uxori suæ Hildegardi"[1030]. It is not known whether this document refers to Vicomte Aimery [II] or another vicomte of the same name.] "
Med Lands cites:

; Per Racines et Histoire: "Aimeri II + après 19/01/973 vicomte de Thouars (~956) (cité chartes 955/956 et 975/1000 à Saint-Cyprien)
     ép. 1) Aliénor (alias Hardouine)
     ép. 2) Hildegarde (cité charte royale 19/01/973.)⁷"

; Per Genealogy.EU: "B2. Vcte Aimery II de Thouars, +ca 956; m.Alienor or Hardouine N."¹¹ He was living in 935.³ He was Vicomte de Thouars between 943 and 960.^9,8

     Alienor or Hardouine (?) married Aimery II de Thouars Vicomte de Thouars, son of Aimery I de Thouars Vicomte de Thouars and Aremburge (?).^3,2,4

Alienor or Hardouine (?) died after 955.²
      ; Per Racines et Histoire: "Aimeri II + après 19/01/973 vicomte de Thouars (~956) (cité chartes 955/956 et 975/1000 à Saint-Cyprien)
     ép. 1) Aliénor (alias Hardouine)
     ép. 2) Hildegarde (cité charte royale 19/01/973.)⁵"

; Per Genealogy.EU: "B2. Vcte Aimery II de Thouars, +ca 956; m.Alienor or Hardouine N."⁶

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 810.²

; Per Med Lands:
     "m [firstly] ELEONORE [Hardouine], daughter of --- (-after 955). Vicomte Aimery donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-de-Bonneval-lès-Thouars, with the consent of "Aliénor ou Hardouine sa femme", by charter dated 955[1029]."
Med Lands cites: [1029] Imbert ‘Vicomtes de Thouars’ (1865), p. 329, no citation reference.⁷ GAV-29 EDV-30 GKJ-31. She was living in 955.²

     Aimery I de Thouars Vicomte de Thouars married Aremburge (?)^2,3,4

Aimery I de Thouars Vicomte de Thouars died after 935.³
     GAV-30 EDV-31 GKJ-32. He was living in 924.² He was living in 935.¹

     Aremburge (?) married Aimery I de Thouars Vicomte de Thouars, son of Geoffroy I de Thouars Vicomte de Thouars.^1,2,3

     GAV-30 EDV-31 GKJ-32. Aremburge (?) was living in 930.³

     Archambaud de Turenne Vcte de Turenne died after December 992.²
      ; Per Med Lands: "ARCHAMBAUD de Turenne (-after Dec 992). "Archambaldus" donated property to Uzerche, for the souls of "filiorum meorum Eboli et Archambaldi", by charter dated Dec 992[1422]. Vicomte de Turenne"
Med Lands cites: [1422] Uzerche, 40, p. 73.²

     Raimond I (?) Comte et Marquis de Toulouse, Comte de Rouergue et Comte de Quercy was born v812; Genealogics says b. c 812; Med Lands says b. 815/20.^3,1 He married Berta/Bertheis (?), daughter of Rémii/Remy (?) and Arsinde (?).⁷
Raimond I (?) Comte et Marquis de Toulouse, Comte de Rouergue et Comte de Quercy married Berta/Bertheis (?), daughter of Rémii/Remy (?) and Arsinde (?), circa 840
; Date per Bunot.^4,2,8,3,1
Raimond I (?) Comte et Marquis de Toulouse, Comte de Rouergue et Comte de Quercy died between 863 and 865; Genealogics says d. between 0863 and 0865; Med Lands says d. before 17 Apr 865.^4,3,1
      ; Per Med Lands:
     "RAYMOND ([815/20]-before 17 Apr 865). "Raymundus…comes et marchio et uxor mea Berteyz" founded the abbey of Vabres for the souls of "genitoris nostri Fulgualdi et…genetrice mea Senegundi et…germano meo Fredolone quondam" by charter dated 3 Nov 862, which names "Bernardum filium nostrum…Fulgualdus filius noster…Odo filius noster" (all three of whom also subscribed the document), subscribed by "…Begonis vicecomitis…"[203]. He was appointed Comte de Rouergue et Comte de Quercy in 849 by Charles “le Chauve” King of France, in recognition for his help in fighting Pippin II King of Italy. He succeeded in 855 as RAYMOND I Comte et Marquis de Toulouse. “Raimundus...comis et marchio” confirmed possessions “in comitatu nostro Paliarense” to the monastery of Burgal by charter dated Aug 859[204]. He founded the abbey of Vabres in 862 (see charter quoted above). The Annales Bertiniani record that "Hunfridus Gothiæ marchio" expelled "Tolosam Reimundo" in 863[205].
     "m BERTHE [Bertheis], daughter of REMY [Remigius] & his wife Arsinde --- (-after 6 Apr 883). "Raymundus…comes et marchio et uxor mea Berteyz" founded the abbey of Vabres by charter dated 3 Nov 862[206]. "Berteiz comitissa et filius meus Bernardus comes et marchio Tolosensis" donated property "in pago Ruthenico…in Tarnesca" to Vabres, constructed by "genitor noster Raymundus marchio quondam Tolosensis…cum genetrice mea Berteiz iam dicta", by charter dated 17 Apr 865, subscribed by "…Begoni vicecomiti…"[207]. "Bertheiz sagaci" donated property to Vabres, for the souls of "genitoris mei Remigii hac genetricis meæ Arsinda" and for "iugale meo Raimundo et filio meo Bernardo qui fuerunt quondam, seu et filio meo Odone et Benedicto", by charter dated 6 Apr 883[208]."
Med Lands cites: GAV-30.

; Per Genealogics: "Raimond was the younger son of Fulcoald of Rouergue and Senegunda. He was already count of Limoges, Quercy, and Rouergue when he received Toulouse and Albi in 852 on the death of his brother Fredelon. In 862 he was attacked by Humfrid, count of Barcelona, and forced to abdicate Limoges. In 863 he was likewise forced by Humfrid to abdicate Rouergue and Toulouse. He died between 863 and 865 while fighting for his possessions. Raimond and Bertheiz had five children of whom at least Eudes/Odon and Foucher would have progeny. Raimond was probably succeeded by Bernard II, then by Eudes/Odon. Foucher became count of Limoges. Aribert became abbot of Vabres, and a daughter married Lupo I of Bigorre."³ Raimond I (?) Comte et Marquis de Toulouse, Comte de Rouergue et Comte de Quercy was also known as Raymond 1 (?) Comte de Toulouse.⁷ Raimond I (?) Comte et Marquis de Toulouse, Comte de Rouergue et Comte de Quercy was also known as Raymond I (?) Comte de Toulouse et Rouergue.⁴

Reference: Stone [2000] Chart 72-5.⁹ He was Comte de Toulouse et Rouergue between 852 and 863.⁴