Person Page - 2005

     Luitgard (?) von Alemania, Queen of the Franks married Charlemagne (?) King of the Franks and Emperor of the West, son of Pepin III "The Short" (?) King of the Franks and Bertha/Bertrade 'au grand pied' (?) of Laon, in 794
;
His 4th wife. Geneagraphie says m. 796.^3,4,1,2
Luitgard (?) von Alemania, Queen of the Franks died in 800.²
     ; Per Genealogy.EU (Carolin 2): “E2. Charlemagne, *Ingelheim 2.4.742, +Aachen 28.1.814, King of Franks (754-814) -cr St.Denis 28.7.754, King of Lombards (774-814), Holy Roman Emperor (800-814) -cr Aachen 25.12.800; 1m: ca 768 Himiltude; 2m: 770 Desideria (+776), dau.of Didier, King of Lombards; 3m: Aix-la-Chapelle 771 Hildegarde of Vinzgau, daughter of Duke Gerold I and Imma (*757 +30.4.783); 4m: 783 Fastrada (+794), dau.of Rodolpho III, Ct of Franconia; 5m: 794 Luitgarde (+800); for his descendants see http://genealogy.euweb.cz/carolin/carolin1.html”.⁵
; Per Med Lands:
     "CHARLES, son of PEPIN "le Bref" King of the Franks & his wife Bertrada [Berta] "au Grand Pied" ([near Aix-la-Chapelle[57]] 2 Apr [747/48]-Aix-la-Chapelle 28 Jan 814, bur Aix-la-Chapelle, Chapelle Sainte-Marie). He is named first son of King Pépin and Bertrada in the Cartulaire of Saint-Bertin[58]. A calendar from Lorsch records the birth “IV Non Apr” of “Karoli imperatoris et semper augusti”[59]. The year of his birth is open to debate. The Annales Fuldenses record his death in 814 at the age of about 71[60], which would suggest [742/43] which is inconsistent with the suggested marriage date of his parents (see above). The Annalium Petavianorum Continuatio record the birth in 747 of “Karolus rex”[61]. Settipani suggests that this date should be considered “Old Style”. This assumes (1) that the Lorsch calendar correctly records the day of his birth, (2) that the order of entries for that year in the Annalium Petavianorum Continuatio is chronological (the preceding sentence records Carloman’s departure for Rome which is dated to after 15 Aug 747[62]), and (3) that 2 Apr 747 was Easter Sunday which he suggests would have been noted in sources if it had been the emperor’s date of birth[63]. It seems preferable to indicate [747/48] as Charles’s possible date of birth. The conjectures about Charles’s place of birth were discussed at length by Hahn in the mid-19th century[64]. At the coronation of his father in 754, Charles was also anointed by Pope Stephen III [II][65]. On the death of his father, he received the larger part of Austrasia, Neustria and western Aquitaine, succeeding as CHARLES I joint King of the Franks, jointly with his brother Carloman, and was crowned 9 Oct 768 at Noyon. He suppressed the revolt of Hunald in Aquitaine in 769, over which he quarrelled with his brother Carloman[66]. On the death of his brother in 771, he set aside the rights of his nephew and became sole king of the Franks. He defended the Pope against the Lombards, conquering their kingdom in 773. He is recorded in charters as having used the title "rex Francorum et Langobardorum" from 5 Jun 774, adding "atque patricius Romanorum" from 16 Jul 774[67]. He accepted the submission of Saxony at Paderborn in 777. During his campaign in Spain in 778, he captured Pamplona, while Zaragoza, Huesca, Barcelona and Girona swore allegiance to him. He had his sons crowned king of the Lombards and king of the Aquitainians by Pope Adrian I at Rome 15 Apr 781. He incorporated Bavaria and Carinthia into his kingdom in 787, followed by Thuringia, Hessen and Alemannia, by 797. He re-established Pope Leo III after the latter was ambushed by the Romans in 799, and was crowned CHARLES I “Charlemagne” Emperor of the Romans in St Peter's Rome 25 Dec 800, which the Pope justified technically on the basis of an alleged vacancy of the imperial throne, which could not be occupied by a woman, during the reign at Constantinople of Empress Eirene. At the assembly of Thionville 6 Feb 806, Emperor Charles decided the division of territories between his sons. Byzantine ambassadors from Emperor Mikhael I finally recognised Charlemagne as emperor (although not "Roman Emperor") at Aix-la-Chapelle in 812[68]. After the death of his two older sons, he crowned his son Louis as associate emperor at Aix-la-Chapelle 11 Sep 813. The necrology of Prüm records the death "814 V Kal Feb" of "Karolus imperator"[69]. The Annales Fuldenses record the death "814 V Kal Feb" of "Karolus imperator" at Aachen at the age of about 71[70]. The necrology of Saint-Germain-des-Prés records the death 814 “V Kal Feb” of “domni Karoli imperatoris”[71].
     "m firstly (769, repudiated [770/early 771]) --- of the Lombards, daughter of DESIDERIUS King of the Lombards & his wife Ansa ---. Einhard calls King Charles's first wife "filiam Desiderii regis Langobardorum"[72]. The Annales Fuldenses record that "Berhta regina" brought "filiam Desiderii regis Langobardorum" back from Italy as the wife for "Karolo filio suo"[73]. Her husband sent her back to her father after repudiating her.
     "m secondly (Aix-la-Chapelle 771 before 30 Apr) HILDEGARD, daughter of GEROLD Graf im Kraichgau [Udalrichinger] & his wife Imma (758-Thionville, Moselle 30 Apr 783[74], bur Metz, église abbatiale de Saint-Arnoul[75]). Einhard refers to Hildegard as "de gente Suavorum"[76]. Thegan's Vita Hludowici Imperatoris names her "Hildigardam quæ erat de cognatione Gotefridi ducis Alamannorum" and specifies that she was the daughter of Imma[77]. The Annales Laurissenses record the death "783 pridie Kal Mai" of "Hildegardis regina" and her burial "iuxta urbem Mettensem in basilica apostolorum et beati Arnulfi"[78]. She died from the after effects of childbirth, according to the epitaph of her daughter Hildegard[79]. Paulus Diaconus wrote an epitaph to "Hildegardis regina"[80].
     "m thirdly (Worms Oct 783[81]) FASTRADA, daughter of RADULF Graf & his wife --- (-Frankfurt-am-Main 10 Oct 794, bur Mainz, St Alban[82]). The Annales Laurissenses record the marriage in 783 at Worms of King Charles and "domne Fastradæ regina"[83]. Einhard's Annals record the king's marriage in 783 to "filiam Radolfi comitis natione Francam, nomine Fastradam"[84]. Fastrada, wife of King Charles, is referred to as "de Orientalium Francorum, Germanorum videlicet" by Einhard[85]. Her cruelty triggered the revolt of her husband's illegitimate son Pépin "le Bossu" in 792[86]. The Annales Xantenses record the death in Frankfurt in 794 of "Fastrada regina"[87]. Einhard records the death in 794 of "Fastrada regina" at Frankfurt and her burial "Mogontiaci apud sanctum Albanum"[88]. Theodulf wrote the epitaph of "Fastradæ reginæ"[89].
     "m fourthly ([794/autumn 796]) LIUTGARD, daughter of --- (-Tours 4 Jun 800, bur Tours, église Saint-Martin[90]). Einhard names "Liudgardam Alamannam" as King Charles's fourth wife, specifying that she died childless[91]. Angilbert's poem Ad Pippinum Italiæ regum names "Liutgardis" as the wife of King Charles[92]. The Annales Laurissenses Continuatio records the death "II Non Iun 800" at Tours of "domnæ Liutgardæ coniugis" and her burial at Tours[93].
     "Mistress (1): HIMILTRUD, daughter of ---. "Himiltrude nobili puella" is named mother of "Pippinum" in the Gesta Mettensium[94].
     "Mistress (2): ---. Einhard refers to "Ruodhaidem" as the daughter of King Charles and an unnamed concubine[95].
     "Mistress (3): [MADELGARD] , daughter of ---. Settipani names Madelgardis as the mistress of King Charles, and mother of Rothildis abbess of Faremoutiers[96]. However, he cites no primary source on which this is based, apart from a reference to an early 9th century list of nuns at Faremoutiers which includes the name. No reference has been found to her in any of the sources so far consulted.
     "Mistress (4): GERSWINDA, daughter of ---. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Gersuindam Saxonici generis", and her daughter Adaltrud[97].
     "Mistress (5): REGINA, daughter of ---. 800. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Reginam", and her sons "Drogonem et Hugum"[98].
     "Mistress (6): ADELINDIS, daughter of ---. 806. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Adallindem", and her son "Theodricum"[99]."
Med Lands cites:

; This is the same person as ”Luitgard (Frankish queen)” at Wikipedia, as ”Luitgarde d'Alémanie” at Wikipédia (FR), and as ”Luitgard (Franken)” at Wikipedia (DE).^6,7,8

; Per The Henry Project: “(4) m. Spring 794/796, Liutgard, d. 4 June 800 ["..., moratus ibi dies aliquot propter adversam domnae Liutgardae coniugis valitudinem, quae ibidem et defuncta et humata est; obiit autem die II. Non. Iunii." ARF, s.a. 800, 110], an Alamannian [Einhard, Vita Caroli, c. 18, MGH SS 2: 453 (see below)].”.⁹

Reference: Genealogics cites: Queen Victoria's Descendants New York, 1987. , Marlene A. Eilers, Reference: 63.¹

     Hruodhaid/Chrothais/Rotaïde (?) was born circa 784.^1,2
Hruodhaid/Chrothais/Rotaïde (?) died after 800.^1,2
      ; Leo van der Pas cites: Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch, Reference: 63.¹

; illegitimate.^2,1

     Ruothild (?) Abbess of Faremoutiers died on 24 March 852.^1,2
      ; Leo van der Pas cites: Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch, Reference: 64.¹ She was Abbess of Faremoutiers in 840.^5,2

     ; Per Med Lands:
     "CHARLES, son of PEPIN "le Bref" King of the Franks & his wife Bertrada [Berta] "au Grand Pied" ([near Aix-la-Chapelle[57]] 2 Apr [747/48]-Aix-la-Chapelle 28 Jan 814, bur Aix-la-Chapelle, Chapelle Sainte-Marie). He is named first son of King Pépin and Bertrada in the Cartulaire of Saint-Bertin[58]. A calendar from Lorsch records the birth “IV Non Apr” of “Karoli imperatoris et semper augusti”[59]. The year of his birth is open to debate. The Annales Fuldenses record his death in 814 at the age of about 71[60], which would suggest [742/43] which is inconsistent with the suggested marriage date of his parents (see above). The Annalium Petavianorum Continuatio record the birth in 747 of “Karolus rex”[61]. Settipani suggests that this date should be considered “Old Style”. This assumes (1) that the Lorsch calendar correctly records the day of his birth, (2) that the order of entries for that year in the Annalium Petavianorum Continuatio is chronological (the preceding sentence records Carloman’s departure for Rome which is dated to after 15 Aug 747[62]), and (3) that 2 Apr 747 was Easter Sunday which he suggests would have been noted in sources if it had been the emperor’s date of birth[63]. It seems preferable to indicate [747/48] as Charles’s possible date of birth. The conjectures about Charles’s place of birth were discussed at length by Hahn in the mid-19th century[64]. At the coronation of his father in 754, Charles was also anointed by Pope Stephen III [II][65]. On the death of his father, he received the larger part of Austrasia, Neustria and western Aquitaine, succeeding as CHARLES I joint King of the Franks, jointly with his brother Carloman, and was crowned 9 Oct 768 at Noyon. He suppressed the revolt of Hunald in Aquitaine in 769, over which he quarrelled with his brother Carloman[66]. On the death of his brother in 771, he set aside the rights of his nephew and became sole king of the Franks. He defended the Pope against the Lombards, conquering their kingdom in 773. He is recorded in charters as having used the title "rex Francorum et Langobardorum" from 5 Jun 774, adding "atque patricius Romanorum" from 16 Jul 774[67]. He accepted the submission of Saxony at Paderborn in 777. During his campaign in Spain in 778, he captured Pamplona, while Zaragoza, Huesca, Barcelona and Girona swore allegiance to him. He had his sons crowned king of the Lombards and king of the Aquitainians by Pope Adrian I at Rome 15 Apr 781. He incorporated Bavaria and Carinthia into his kingdom in 787, followed by Thuringia, Hessen and Alemannia, by 797. He re-established Pope Leo III after the latter was ambushed by the Romans in 799, and was crowned CHARLES I “Charlemagne” Emperor of the Romans in St Peter's Rome 25 Dec 800, which the Pope justified technically on the basis of an alleged vacancy of the imperial throne, which could not be occupied by a woman, during the reign at Constantinople of Empress Eirene. At the assembly of Thionville 6 Feb 806, Emperor Charles decided the division of territories between his sons. Byzantine ambassadors from Emperor Mikhael I finally recognised Charlemagne as emperor (although not "Roman Emperor") at Aix-la-Chapelle in 812[68]. After the death of his two older sons, he crowned his son Louis as associate emperor at Aix-la-Chapelle 11 Sep 813. The necrology of Prüm records the death "814 V Kal Feb" of "Karolus imperator"[69]. The Annales Fuldenses record the death "814 V Kal Feb" of "Karolus imperator" at Aachen at the age of about 71[70]. The necrology of Saint-Germain-des-Prés records the death 814 “V Kal Feb” of “domni Karoli imperatoris”[71].
     "m firstly (769, repudiated [770/early 771]) --- of the Lombards, daughter of DESIDERIUS King of the Lombards & his wife Ansa ---. Einhard calls King Charles's first wife "filiam Desiderii regis Langobardorum"[72]. The Annales Fuldenses record that "Berhta regina" brought "filiam Desiderii regis Langobardorum" back from Italy as the wife for "Karolo filio suo"[73]. Her husband sent her back to her father after repudiating her.
     "m secondly (Aix-la-Chapelle 771 before 30 Apr) HILDEGARD, daughter of GEROLD Graf im Kraichgau [Udalrichinger] & his wife Imma (758-Thionville, Moselle 30 Apr 783[74], bur Metz, église abbatiale de Saint-Arnoul[75]). Einhard refers to Hildegard as "de gente Suavorum"[76]. Thegan's Vita Hludowici Imperatoris names her "Hildigardam quæ erat de cognatione Gotefridi ducis Alamannorum" and specifies that she was the daughter of Imma[77]. The Annales Laurissenses record the death "783 pridie Kal Mai" of "Hildegardis regina" and her burial "iuxta urbem Mettensem in basilica apostolorum et beati Arnulfi"[78]. She died from the after effects of childbirth, according to the epitaph of her daughter Hildegard[79]. Paulus Diaconus wrote an epitaph to "Hildegardis regina"[80].
     "m thirdly (Worms Oct 783[81]) FASTRADA, daughter of RADULF Graf & his wife --- (-Frankfurt-am-Main 10 Oct 794, bur Mainz, St Alban[82]). The Annales Laurissenses record the marriage in 783 at Worms of King Charles and "domne Fastradæ regina"[83]. Einhard's Annals record the king's marriage in 783 to "filiam Radolfi comitis natione Francam, nomine Fastradam"[84]. Fastrada, wife of King Charles, is referred to as "de Orientalium Francorum, Germanorum videlicet" by Einhard[85]. Her cruelty triggered the revolt of her husband's illegitimate son Pépin "le Bossu" in 792[86]. The Annales Xantenses record the death in Frankfurt in 794 of "Fastrada regina"[87]. Einhard records the death in 794 of "Fastrada regina" at Frankfurt and her burial "Mogontiaci apud sanctum Albanum"[88]. Theodulf wrote the epitaph of "Fastradæ reginæ"[89].
     "m fourthly ([794/autumn 796]) LIUTGARD, daughter of --- (-Tours 4 Jun 800, bur Tours, église Saint-Martin[90]). Einhard names "Liudgardam Alamannam" as King Charles's fourth wife, specifying that she died childless[91]. Angilbert's poem Ad Pippinum Italiæ regum names "Liutgardis" as the wife of King Charles[92]. The Annales Laurissenses Continuatio records the death "II Non Iun 800" at Tours of "domnæ Liutgardæ coniugis" and her burial at Tours[93].
     "Mistress (1): HIMILTRUD, daughter of ---. "Himiltrude nobili puella" is named mother of "Pippinum" in the Gesta Mettensium[94].
     "Mistress (2): ---. Einhard refers to "Ruodhaidem" as the daughter of King Charles and an unnamed concubine[95].
     "Mistress (3): [MADELGARD] , daughter of ---. Settipani names Madelgardis as the mistress of King Charles, and mother of Rothildis abbess of Faremoutiers[96]. However, he cites no primary source on which this is based, apart from a reference to an early 9th century list of nuns at Faremoutiers which includes the name. No reference has been found to her in any of the sources so far consulted.
     "Mistress (4): GERSWINDA, daughter of ---. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Gersuindam Saxonici generis", and her daughter Adaltrud[97].
     "Mistress (5): REGINA, daughter of ---. 800. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Reginam", and her sons "Drogonem et Hugum"[98].
     "Mistress (6): ADELINDIS, daughter of ---. 806. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Adallindem", and her son "Theodricum"[99]."
Med Lands cites: Madelgarda (?) and Charlemagne (?) King of the Franks and Emperor of the West were associated; Mistress of Charlemagne.²

; Leo van der Pas cites: Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch, Reference: 63.¹

     Adalthrud/Adeltrude (?) married Gauzlin II (?) Comte du Maine, son of Gauzlin I (?) du Maine and Adeltrude (?) de Bourges.⁵
Adalthrud/Adeltrude (?) was born in 774 at Germany (now).⁶
Adalthrud/Adeltrude (?) was buried in 852 at Saint Arnoul Royal Abbey, Metz, Departement de la Moselle, Lorraine, France; From Find A Grave:
     BIRTH     774, Germany
     DEATH     852 (aged 77–78), France
     Illegitimate daughter of Charlemagne
     Family Members
     Parents
          Charlemagne 742–814
          Gerswinde von Sachsen
     Spouse
          Gauzlin II du Maine 775–826
     Half Siblings
          Drogo of Metz
          Pepin Carolingian of Italy 773–810
          Louis I of the Franks 778–840
          Hugh l'Abbe de St Quentin 802–844
     Children
          Donat I de Melun 800–860
     BURIAL     Saint Arnoul Royal Abbey, Metz, Departement de la Moselle, Lorraine, France
     Created by: Memerizion
     Added: 1 Jun 2015
     Find A Grave Memorial 147284287.⁶
Adalthrud/Adeltrude (?) died in 852.⁶
     Reference: Genealogics cites: Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch, Reference: 64.¹

     ; Per Med Lands:
     "CHARLES, son of PEPIN "le Bref" King of the Franks & his wife Bertrada [Berta] "au Grand Pied" ([near Aix-la-Chapelle[57]] 2 Apr [747/48]-Aix-la-Chapelle 28 Jan 814, bur Aix-la-Chapelle, Chapelle Sainte-Marie). He is named first son of King Pépin and Bertrada in the Cartulaire of Saint-Bertin[58]. A calendar from Lorsch records the birth “IV Non Apr” of “Karoli imperatoris et semper augusti”[59]. The year of his birth is open to debate. The Annales Fuldenses record his death in 814 at the age of about 71[60], which would suggest [742/43] which is inconsistent with the suggested marriage date of his parents (see above). The Annalium Petavianorum Continuatio record the birth in 747 of “Karolus rex”[61]. Settipani suggests that this date should be considered “Old Style”. This assumes (1) that the Lorsch calendar correctly records the day of his birth, (2) that the order of entries for that year in the Annalium Petavianorum Continuatio is chronological (the preceding sentence records Carloman’s departure for Rome which is dated to after 15 Aug 747[62]), and (3) that 2 Apr 747 was Easter Sunday which he suggests would have been noted in sources if it had been the emperor’s date of birth[63]. It seems preferable to indicate [747/48] as Charles’s possible date of birth. The conjectures about Charles’s place of birth were discussed at length by Hahn in the mid-19th century[64]. At the coronation of his father in 754, Charles was also anointed by Pope Stephen III [II][65]. On the death of his father, he received the larger part of Austrasia, Neustria and western Aquitaine, succeeding as CHARLES I joint King of the Franks, jointly with his brother Carloman, and was crowned 9 Oct 768 at Noyon. He suppressed the revolt of Hunald in Aquitaine in 769, over which he quarrelled with his brother Carloman[66]. On the death of his brother in 771, he set aside the rights of his nephew and became sole king of the Franks. He defended the Pope against the Lombards, conquering their kingdom in 773. He is recorded in charters as having used the title "rex Francorum et Langobardorum" from 5 Jun 774, adding "atque patricius Romanorum" from 16 Jul 774[67]. He accepted the submission of Saxony at Paderborn in 777. During his campaign in Spain in 778, he captured Pamplona, while Zaragoza, Huesca, Barcelona and Girona swore allegiance to him. He had his sons crowned king of the Lombards and king of the Aquitainians by Pope Adrian I at Rome 15 Apr 781. He incorporated Bavaria and Carinthia into his kingdom in 787, followed by Thuringia, Hessen and Alemannia, by 797. He re-established Pope Leo III after the latter was ambushed by the Romans in 799, and was crowned CHARLES I “Charlemagne” Emperor of the Romans in St Peter's Rome 25 Dec 800, which the Pope justified technically on the basis of an alleged vacancy of the imperial throne, which could not be occupied by a woman, during the reign at Constantinople of Empress Eirene. At the assembly of Thionville 6 Feb 806, Emperor Charles decided the division of territories between his sons. Byzantine ambassadors from Emperor Mikhael I finally recognised Charlemagne as emperor (although not "Roman Emperor") at Aix-la-Chapelle in 812[68]. After the death of his two older sons, he crowned his son Louis as associate emperor at Aix-la-Chapelle 11 Sep 813. The necrology of Prüm records the death "814 V Kal Feb" of "Karolus imperator"[69]. The Annales Fuldenses record the death "814 V Kal Feb" of "Karolus imperator" at Aachen at the age of about 71[70]. The necrology of Saint-Germain-des-Prés records the death 814 “V Kal Feb” of “domni Karoli imperatoris”[71].
     "m firstly (769, repudiated [770/early 771]) --- of the Lombards, daughter of DESIDERIUS King of the Lombards & his wife Ansa ---. Einhard calls King Charles's first wife "filiam Desiderii regis Langobardorum"[72]. The Annales Fuldenses record that "Berhta regina" brought "filiam Desiderii regis Langobardorum" back from Italy as the wife for "Karolo filio suo"[73]. Her husband sent her back to her father after repudiating her.
     "m secondly (Aix-la-Chapelle 771 before 30 Apr) HILDEGARD, daughter of GEROLD Graf im Kraichgau [Udalrichinger] & his wife Imma (758-Thionville, Moselle 30 Apr 783[74], bur Metz, église abbatiale de Saint-Arnoul[75]). Einhard refers to Hildegard as "de gente Suavorum"[76]. Thegan's Vita Hludowici Imperatoris names her "Hildigardam quæ erat de cognatione Gotefridi ducis Alamannorum" and specifies that she was the daughter of Imma[77]. The Annales Laurissenses record the death "783 pridie Kal Mai" of "Hildegardis regina" and her burial "iuxta urbem Mettensem in basilica apostolorum et beati Arnulfi"[78]. She died from the after effects of childbirth, according to the epitaph of her daughter Hildegard[79]. Paulus Diaconus wrote an epitaph to "Hildegardis regina"[80].
     "m thirdly (Worms Oct 783[81]) FASTRADA, daughter of RADULF Graf & his wife --- (-Frankfurt-am-Main 10 Oct 794, bur Mainz, St Alban[82]). The Annales Laurissenses record the marriage in 783 at Worms of King Charles and "domne Fastradæ regina"[83]. Einhard's Annals record the king's marriage in 783 to "filiam Radolfi comitis natione Francam, nomine Fastradam"[84]. Fastrada, wife of King Charles, is referred to as "de Orientalium Francorum, Germanorum videlicet" by Einhard[85]. Her cruelty triggered the revolt of her husband's illegitimate son Pépin "le Bossu" in 792[86]. The Annales Xantenses record the death in Frankfurt in 794 of "Fastrada regina"[87]. Einhard records the death in 794 of "Fastrada regina" at Frankfurt and her burial "Mogontiaci apud sanctum Albanum"[88]. Theodulf wrote the epitaph of "Fastradæ reginæ"[89].
     "m fourthly ([794/autumn 796]) LIUTGARD, daughter of --- (-Tours 4 Jun 800, bur Tours, église Saint-Martin[90]). Einhard names "Liudgardam Alamannam" as King Charles's fourth wife, specifying that she died childless[91]. Angilbert's poem Ad Pippinum Italiæ regum names "Liutgardis" as the wife of King Charles[92]. The Annales Laurissenses Continuatio records the death "II Non Iun 800" at Tours of "domnæ Liutgardæ coniugis" and her burial at Tours[93].
     "Mistress (1): HIMILTRUD, daughter of ---. "Himiltrude nobili puella" is named mother of "Pippinum" in the Gesta Mettensium[94].
     "Mistress (2): ---. Einhard refers to "Ruodhaidem" as the daughter of King Charles and an unnamed concubine[95].
     "Mistress (3): [MADELGARD] , daughter of ---. Settipani names Madelgardis as the mistress of King Charles, and mother of Rothildis abbess of Faremoutiers[96]. However, he cites no primary source on which this is based, apart from a reference to an early 9th century list of nuns at Faremoutiers which includes the name. No reference has been found to her in any of the sources so far consulted.
     "Mistress (4): GERSWINDA, daughter of ---. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Gersuindam Saxonici generis", and her daughter Adaltrud[97].
     "Mistress (5): REGINA, daughter of ---. 800. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Reginam", and her sons "Drogonem et Hugum"[98].
     "Mistress (6): ADELINDIS, daughter of ---. 806. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Adallindem", and her son "Theodricum"[99]."
Med Lands cites: Gerswinde (?) von Sachsen and Charlemagne (?) King of the Franks and Emperor of the West were associated; Mistress of Charlemagne.³
; The Wikipedia (De.) article on the Immedinger family (descendants of Widukind) shows the following descent:
1. Widukind (erwähnt 777, 789), auch Witekind, Herzog der Westfalen (Sachsen) ? Geva (wahrscheinlich Geva Eysteinsdotter geb. 755 in Jütland † 807) Gerswinde (?) von Sachsen was also known as Gersvinda (?)⁵ Gerswinde (?) von Sachsen was also known as Gerswinde (?) of Saxony.⁶

Reference: Genealogics cites: Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch, Reference: 63.⁵

     Drogo (?) Archbishop, Bishop of Metz was born on 17 June 801.^1,2
Drogo (?) Archbishop, Bishop of Metz died on 8 December 855 at Metz, Departement de la Moselle, Lorraine, France (now), at age 54.^1,2
Drogo (?) Archbishop, Bishop of Metz was buried after 8 December 855 at Saint Arnoul Royal Abbey, Metz, Departement de la Moselle, Lorraine, France; From Find A Grave:
     BIRTH     unknown, France
     DEATH     unknown, Boulogne, Departement de la Vendée, Pays de la Loire, France
     Drogo, also known as Dreux or Drogon born on June 17, 801, was an illegitimate son of Frankish emperor Charlemagne by the concubine Regina.
As one of the few children to outlive his father, Drogo's prospects for political power were very favourable. Only one older son of Charlemagne remained, and was eager to ensure his few opponents were placated. He became a cleric in 818, abbot of Luxeuil in 820, acceded to become bishop of Metz in 823 and arch chapter in 834 in which position he remained for the duration of his life. His younger (full) brother, Hugh, was also ordained. He remained extremely loyal to his (half) brother, Louis the Pious and amassed great power under him. Drogo's influence began to wane after Louis' death, and his influence fell even more after the death of his only full brother Hugh in 844. Still, he managed to ensure the production of the Drogo Sacramentary, which is named for him.
     The Drogo Sacramentary is a Carolingian illuminated manuscript on vellum of c.850, one of the monuments of Carolingian book illumination. A sacramentary is a book containing all the prayers spoken by the officiating priest during the course of the year. The Sacramentary was written and painted for the personal use of Charlemagne's son Drogo, bishop of Metz. Metz was an important bishopric:
     He died December 8, 855 after falling into the River Oignon in which he was fishing. A list of bishops of Metz records "domnus Drogo archiepiscopus et sacri palate summus capellanus, filius Karoli imperatoris" as 40th bishop, holding the position for 32 years, 5 months and 7 days.
     Family Members
     Parents
          Charlemagne 742–814
          Regina Reginopycrha von Aachen 770–844
     Siblings
          Hugh l'Abbe de St Quentin 802–844
     Half Siblings
          Pepin Carolingian of Italy 773–810
          Adeltrude du Maine 774–852
          Louis I of the Franks 778–840
     BURIAL     Saint Arnoul Royal Abbey, Metz, Departement de la Moselle, Lorraine, France
     Created by: Mad
     Added: 9 Mar 2012
     Find A Grave Memorial 86517668.⁵
     Reference: Genealogics cites: Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch, Reference: 64.¹

; [illegitimete by Regine, a concubine] Drogon, *17.6.801, +Metz 8.12.855, Bp of Metz 823.² He was Bishop of Metz in 823 at Metz, Departement de la Moselle, Lorraine, France (now).^2,1

     Regina (?) was born in 770 at Aachen (Aix La Chapelle), Stadtkreis Aachen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany (now).²
Regina (?) died on 7 June 844 at Aachen (Aix La Chapelle), Stadtkreis Aachen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany (now).²
     ; Per Med Lands:
     "CHARLES, son of PEPIN "le Bref" King of the Franks & his wife Bertrada [Berta] "au Grand Pied" ([near Aix-la-Chapelle[57]] 2 Apr [747/48]-Aix-la-Chapelle 28 Jan 814, bur Aix-la-Chapelle, Chapelle Sainte-Marie). He is named first son of King Pépin and Bertrada in the Cartulaire of Saint-Bertin[58]. A calendar from Lorsch records the birth “IV Non Apr” of “Karoli imperatoris et semper augusti”[59]. The year of his birth is open to debate. The Annales Fuldenses record his death in 814 at the age of about 71[60], which would suggest [742/43] which is inconsistent with the suggested marriage date of his parents (see above). The Annalium Petavianorum Continuatio record the birth in 747 of “Karolus rex”[61]. Settipani suggests that this date should be considered “Old Style”. This assumes (1) that the Lorsch calendar correctly records the day of his birth, (2) that the order of entries for that year in the Annalium Petavianorum Continuatio is chronological (the preceding sentence records Carloman’s departure for Rome which is dated to after 15 Aug 747[62]), and (3) that 2 Apr 747 was Easter Sunday which he suggests would have been noted in sources if it had been the emperor’s date of birth[63]. It seems preferable to indicate [747/48] as Charles’s possible date of birth. The conjectures about Charles’s place of birth were discussed at length by Hahn in the mid-19th century[64]. At the coronation of his father in 754, Charles was also anointed by Pope Stephen III [II][65]. On the death of his father, he received the larger part of Austrasia, Neustria and western Aquitaine, succeeding as CHARLES I joint King of the Franks, jointly with his brother Carloman, and was crowned 9 Oct 768 at Noyon. He suppressed the revolt of Hunald in Aquitaine in 769, over which he quarrelled with his brother Carloman[66]. On the death of his brother in 771, he set aside the rights of his nephew and became sole king of the Franks. He defended the Pope against the Lombards, conquering their kingdom in 773. He is recorded in charters as having used the title "rex Francorum et Langobardorum" from 5 Jun 774, adding "atque patricius Romanorum" from 16 Jul 774[67]. He accepted the submission of Saxony at Paderborn in 777. During his campaign in Spain in 778, he captured Pamplona, while Zaragoza, Huesca, Barcelona and Girona swore allegiance to him. He had his sons crowned king of the Lombards and king of the Aquitainians by Pope Adrian I at Rome 15 Apr 781. He incorporated Bavaria and Carinthia into his kingdom in 787, followed by Thuringia, Hessen and Alemannia, by 797. He re-established Pope Leo III after the latter was ambushed by the Romans in 799, and was crowned CHARLES I “Charlemagne” Emperor of the Romans in St Peter's Rome 25 Dec 800, which the Pope justified technically on the basis of an alleged vacancy of the imperial throne, which could not be occupied by a woman, during the reign at Constantinople of Empress Eirene. At the assembly of Thionville 6 Feb 806, Emperor Charles decided the division of territories between his sons. Byzantine ambassadors from Emperor Mikhael I finally recognised Charlemagne as emperor (although not "Roman Emperor") at Aix-la-Chapelle in 812[68]. After the death of his two older sons, he crowned his son Louis as associate emperor at Aix-la-Chapelle 11 Sep 813. The necrology of Prüm records the death "814 V Kal Feb" of "Karolus imperator"[69]. The Annales Fuldenses record the death "814 V Kal Feb" of "Karolus imperator" at Aachen at the age of about 71[70]. The necrology of Saint-Germain-des-Prés records the death 814 “V Kal Feb” of “domni Karoli imperatoris”[71].
     "m firstly (769, repudiated [770/early 771]) --- of the Lombards, daughter of DESIDERIUS King of the Lombards & his wife Ansa ---. Einhard calls King Charles's first wife "filiam Desiderii regis Langobardorum"[72]. The Annales Fuldenses record that "Berhta regina" brought "filiam Desiderii regis Langobardorum" back from Italy as the wife for "Karolo filio suo"[73]. Her husband sent her back to her father after repudiating her.
     "m secondly (Aix-la-Chapelle 771 before 30 Apr) HILDEGARD, daughter of GEROLD Graf im Kraichgau [Udalrichinger] & his wife Imma (758-Thionville, Moselle 30 Apr 783[74], bur Metz, église abbatiale de Saint-Arnoul[75]). Einhard refers to Hildegard as "de gente Suavorum"[76]. Thegan's Vita Hludowici Imperatoris names her "Hildigardam quæ erat de cognatione Gotefridi ducis Alamannorum" and specifies that she was the daughter of Imma[77]. The Annales Laurissenses record the death "783 pridie Kal Mai" of "Hildegardis regina" and her burial "iuxta urbem Mettensem in basilica apostolorum et beati Arnulfi"[78]. She died from the after effects of childbirth, according to the epitaph of her daughter Hildegard[79]. Paulus Diaconus wrote an epitaph to "Hildegardis regina"[80].
     "m thirdly (Worms Oct 783[81]) FASTRADA, daughter of RADULF Graf & his wife --- (-Frankfurt-am-Main 10 Oct 794, bur Mainz, St Alban[82]). The Annales Laurissenses record the marriage in 783 at Worms of King Charles and "domne Fastradæ regina"[83]. Einhard's Annals record the king's marriage in 783 to "filiam Radolfi comitis natione Francam, nomine Fastradam"[84]. Fastrada, wife of King Charles, is referred to as "de Orientalium Francorum, Germanorum videlicet" by Einhard[85]. Her cruelty triggered the revolt of her husband's illegitimate son Pépin "le Bossu" in 792[86]. The Annales Xantenses record the death in Frankfurt in 794 of "Fastrada regina"[87]. Einhard records the death in 794 of "Fastrada regina" at Frankfurt and her burial "Mogontiaci apud sanctum Albanum"[88]. Theodulf wrote the epitaph of "Fastradæ reginæ"[89].
     "m fourthly ([794/autumn 796]) LIUTGARD, daughter of --- (-Tours 4 Jun 800, bur Tours, église Saint-Martin[90]). Einhard names "Liudgardam Alamannam" as King Charles's fourth wife, specifying that she died childless[91]. Angilbert's poem Ad Pippinum Italiæ regum names "Liutgardis" as the wife of King Charles[92]. The Annales Laurissenses Continuatio records the death "II Non Iun 800" at Tours of "domnæ Liutgardæ coniugis" and her burial at Tours[93].
     "Mistress (1): HIMILTRUD, daughter of ---. "Himiltrude nobili puella" is named mother of "Pippinum" in the Gesta Mettensium[94].
     "Mistress (2): ---. Einhard refers to "Ruodhaidem" as the daughter of King Charles and an unnamed concubine[95].
     "Mistress (3): [MADELGARD] , daughter of ---. Settipani names Madelgardis as the mistress of King Charles, and mother of Rothildis abbess of Faremoutiers[96]. However, he cites no primary source on which this is based, apart from a reference to an early 9th century list of nuns at Faremoutiers which includes the name. No reference has been found to her in any of the sources so far consulted.
     "Mistress (4): GERSWINDA, daughter of ---. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Gersuindam Saxonici generis", and her daughter Adaltrud[97].
     "Mistress (5): REGINA, daughter of ---. 800. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Reginam", and her sons "Drogonem et Hugum"[98].
     "Mistress (6): ADELINDIS, daughter of ---. 806. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Adallindem", and her son "Theodricum"[99]."
Med Lands cites:

Reference: Genealogics cites: Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch, Reference: 63.¹ She and Charlemagne (?) King of the Franks and Emperor of the West were associated in 800; Mistress of Charlemagne.³

     Dietrich/Theoderich (?) was born in 807; Genealogy.EU (Carolin 1 page) says b. ca 806.^1,2
Dietrich/Theoderich (?) died after 818; Genealogy.EU (Carolin 1 page) says d. after 819.^1,2
      ; Leo van der Pas cites: Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch, Reference: 64.¹ He was a monk.²

     ; Per Med Lands:
     "CHARLES, son of PEPIN "le Bref" King of the Franks & his wife Bertrada [Berta] "au Grand Pied" ([near Aix-la-Chapelle[57]] 2 Apr [747/48]-Aix-la-Chapelle 28 Jan 814, bur Aix-la-Chapelle, Chapelle Sainte-Marie). He is named first son of King Pépin and Bertrada in the Cartulaire of Saint-Bertin[58]. A calendar from Lorsch records the birth “IV Non Apr” of “Karoli imperatoris et semper augusti”[59]. The year of his birth is open to debate. The Annales Fuldenses record his death in 814 at the age of about 71[60], which would suggest [742/43] which is inconsistent with the suggested marriage date of his parents (see above). The Annalium Petavianorum Continuatio record the birth in 747 of “Karolus rex”[61]. Settipani suggests that this date should be considered “Old Style”. This assumes (1) that the Lorsch calendar correctly records the day of his birth, (2) that the order of entries for that year in the Annalium Petavianorum Continuatio is chronological (the preceding sentence records Carloman’s departure for Rome which is dated to after 15 Aug 747[62]), and (3) that 2 Apr 747 was Easter Sunday which he suggests would have been noted in sources if it had been the emperor’s date of birth[63]. It seems preferable to indicate [747/48] as Charles’s possible date of birth. The conjectures about Charles’s place of birth were discussed at length by Hahn in the mid-19th century[64]. At the coronation of his father in 754, Charles was also anointed by Pope Stephen III [II][65]. On the death of his father, he received the larger part of Austrasia, Neustria and western Aquitaine, succeeding as CHARLES I joint King of the Franks, jointly with his brother Carloman, and was crowned 9 Oct 768 at Noyon. He suppressed the revolt of Hunald in Aquitaine in 769, over which he quarrelled with his brother Carloman[66]. On the death of his brother in 771, he set aside the rights of his nephew and became sole king of the Franks. He defended the Pope against the Lombards, conquering their kingdom in 773. He is recorded in charters as having used the title "rex Francorum et Langobardorum" from 5 Jun 774, adding "atque patricius Romanorum" from 16 Jul 774[67]. He accepted the submission of Saxony at Paderborn in 777. During his campaign in Spain in 778, he captured Pamplona, while Zaragoza, Huesca, Barcelona and Girona swore allegiance to him. He had his sons crowned king of the Lombards and king of the Aquitainians by Pope Adrian I at Rome 15 Apr 781. He incorporated Bavaria and Carinthia into his kingdom in 787, followed by Thuringia, Hessen and Alemannia, by 797. He re-established Pope Leo III after the latter was ambushed by the Romans in 799, and was crowned CHARLES I “Charlemagne” Emperor of the Romans in St Peter's Rome 25 Dec 800, which the Pope justified technically on the basis of an alleged vacancy of the imperial throne, which could not be occupied by a woman, during the reign at Constantinople of Empress Eirene. At the assembly of Thionville 6 Feb 806, Emperor Charles decided the division of territories between his sons. Byzantine ambassadors from Emperor Mikhael I finally recognised Charlemagne as emperor (although not "Roman Emperor") at Aix-la-Chapelle in 812[68]. After the death of his two older sons, he crowned his son Louis as associate emperor at Aix-la-Chapelle 11 Sep 813. The necrology of Prüm records the death "814 V Kal Feb" of "Karolus imperator"[69]. The Annales Fuldenses record the death "814 V Kal Feb" of "Karolus imperator" at Aachen at the age of about 71[70]. The necrology of Saint-Germain-des-Prés records the death 814 “V Kal Feb” of “domni Karoli imperatoris”[71].
     "m firstly (769, repudiated [770/early 771]) --- of the Lombards, daughter of DESIDERIUS King of the Lombards & his wife Ansa ---. Einhard calls King Charles's first wife "filiam Desiderii regis Langobardorum"[72]. The Annales Fuldenses record that "Berhta regina" brought "filiam Desiderii regis Langobardorum" back from Italy as the wife for "Karolo filio suo"[73]. Her husband sent her back to her father after repudiating her.
     "m secondly (Aix-la-Chapelle 771 before 30 Apr) HILDEGARD, daughter of GEROLD Graf im Kraichgau [Udalrichinger] & his wife Imma (758-Thionville, Moselle 30 Apr 783[74], bur Metz, église abbatiale de Saint-Arnoul[75]). Einhard refers to Hildegard as "de gente Suavorum"[76]. Thegan's Vita Hludowici Imperatoris names her "Hildigardam quæ erat de cognatione Gotefridi ducis Alamannorum" and specifies that she was the daughter of Imma[77]. The Annales Laurissenses record the death "783 pridie Kal Mai" of "Hildegardis regina" and her burial "iuxta urbem Mettensem in basilica apostolorum et beati Arnulfi"[78]. She died from the after effects of childbirth, according to the epitaph of her daughter Hildegard[79]. Paulus Diaconus wrote an epitaph to "Hildegardis regina"[80].
     "m thirdly (Worms Oct 783[81]) FASTRADA, daughter of RADULF Graf & his wife --- (-Frankfurt-am-Main 10 Oct 794, bur Mainz, St Alban[82]). The Annales Laurissenses record the marriage in 783 at Worms of King Charles and "domne Fastradæ regina"[83]. Einhard's Annals record the king's marriage in 783 to "filiam Radolfi comitis natione Francam, nomine Fastradam"[84]. Fastrada, wife of King Charles, is referred to as "de Orientalium Francorum, Germanorum videlicet" by Einhard[85]. Her cruelty triggered the revolt of her husband's illegitimate son Pépin "le Bossu" in 792[86]. The Annales Xantenses record the death in Frankfurt in 794 of "Fastrada regina"[87]. Einhard records the death in 794 of "Fastrada regina" at Frankfurt and her burial "Mogontiaci apud sanctum Albanum"[88]. Theodulf wrote the epitaph of "Fastradæ reginæ"[89].
     "m fourthly ([794/autumn 796]) LIUTGARD, daughter of --- (-Tours 4 Jun 800, bur Tours, église Saint-Martin[90]). Einhard names "Liudgardam Alamannam" as King Charles's fourth wife, specifying that she died childless[91]. Angilbert's poem Ad Pippinum Italiæ regum names "Liutgardis" as the wife of King Charles[92]. The Annales Laurissenses Continuatio records the death "II Non Iun 800" at Tours of "domnæ Liutgardæ coniugis" and her burial at Tours[93].
     "Mistress (1): HIMILTRUD, daughter of ---. "Himiltrude nobili puella" is named mother of "Pippinum" in the Gesta Mettensium[94].
     "Mistress (2): ---. Einhard refers to "Ruodhaidem" as the daughter of King Charles and an unnamed concubine[95].
     "Mistress (3): [MADELGARD] , daughter of ---. Settipani names Madelgardis as the mistress of King Charles, and mother of Rothildis abbess of Faremoutiers[96]. However, he cites no primary source on which this is based, apart from a reference to an early 9th century list of nuns at Faremoutiers which includes the name. No reference has been found to her in any of the sources so far consulted.
     "Mistress (4): GERSWINDA, daughter of ---. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Gersuindam Saxonici generis", and her daughter Adaltrud[97].
     "Mistress (5): REGINA, daughter of ---. 800. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Reginam", and her sons "Drogonem et Hugum"[98].
     "Mistress (6): ADELINDIS, daughter of ---. 806. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Adallindem", and her son "Theodricum"[99]."
Med Lands cites:

; Leo van der Pas cites: Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch, Reference: 63.¹ Adallind (?) and Charlemagne (?) King of the Franks and Emperor of the West were associated in 806; Mistress of Charlemagne.²

     Juliana (?) married Charles "the Younger" (?) King of the Franks, Comte du Mans, son of Charlemagne (?) King of the Franks and Emperor of the West and Hildegardis (?) of Swabia, Countess of Vinzgau, Queen of the Franks.²

      ; Per Genealogy.EU (Carolin 1): “A1. [3m.] Rotrude, *ca 775, 8.6.+810; m.(?) Rociron de Rennes, Ct du Maine (+ca 832)”.²

     Desiderius (?) Duke of Spoleto, King of the Lombards married Ansa (?)^3,1
Desiderius (?) Duke of Spoleto, King of the Lombards was born before 710.¹
Desiderius (?) Duke of Spoleto, King of the Lombards died after 714 at Abbaye Saint-Pierre de Corbie, Corbie, Departement de la Somme, Picardie, France (now).³
      ; Per Geneagraphie:
     "(also known as Daufer or Dauferius; Didier in French and Desiderio in Italian)
     "last king of the Lombard Kingdom of northern Italy. He is chiefly known for his connection to Charlemagne, who married his daughter and conquered his realm.
     "He was originally a royal officer, the dux Langobardorum et comes stabuli, "constable and duke of the Lombards," an office apparently similar to the contemporaneous Frankish office of dux Francorum. King Aistulf made him duke of Istria and Tuscany and he became king after the death of Aistulf in 756. At that time, Aistulf's predecessor, Ratchis, left his monastic retreat of Montecassino and tried to seize the kingdom, but Desiderius put his revolt down quickly with the support of Pope Stephen II. At his coronation, Desiderius promised to restore many lost papal towns to the Holy See, in return for the papacy's endorsement of his claim. Conflict with the Holy See under Pope Stephen III arose, for Stephen opposed Charlemagne's marriage to Desiderius' daughter. Desiderius ceased delivery of the towns after only a few.
     "Seeking, like his predecessors, to extend the Lombard power in Italy, he came into collision with the papacy and the southern duchies. In the same year Desiderius associates to his kingdom the son Adelchis. Alboin, the duchy of Benevento and Liutprand, that of Spoleto were coaxed by Pope Stephen to commend themselves to the Franks and thus separate themselves again from monarchy. They then placed themselves under the protection of Pippin (Lat. Pipinus), the king of Franks. In 758, Duke Liutprand of Benevento attained his majority and rebelled. Desiderius defeated him and granted his duchy to one Arechis, tying the duchy more closely to Pavia than it had been since Grimoald's time. In that same year, Desiderius deposed Alboin of Spoleto and exercised himself the ducal powers there.
Appointing Antipope Phillip
     "Desiderius seized a priest named Phillip from the Monastery of St Vito. One July 31, 768 he summarily appointed him pope. Antipope Philip was never recognized nor gained a significant following so he left the same day and returned to his monastery where is is never heard from or seen again.
     "Stephen III opposed Charlemagne's marriage to Desiderius' daughter, Desiderata, in 768, but by his death in 772, he had made peace with the Lombards. The new pope, Adrian I, however, implored the aid of Charlemagne against him, for the marriage of dynasties was dissolved by Charlemagne's repudiation of Desiderata in 771. Charles sent her back to her father. Moreover, Gerberga, the widow of Charlemagne's brother Carloman, sought the protection of the Lombard king after her husband's death in 771; and ? probably in return for the insult Charlemagne had given to the Lombards by rejecting Desiderata ? Desiderius recognised Gerberga's sons as lawful heirs, and attacked Pope Adrian for refusing to crown them kings and invaded the Pentapolis. The embassies of Adrian and Desiderius met at Thionville and Charlemagne favoured the pope's case.
     "Such was the position when Charlemagne and his uncle Bernard led troops across the Alps in 773. The Lombards were severely defeated at Mortara (Ara Mortis) and soon besieged in their capital of Ticinum, the modern Pavia. Desiderius' son Adelchis was raising an army at Verona, but the young prince was chased to the Adriatic littoral and fled to Constantinople when Charlemagne approached.
     "The siege lasted until June 774, when, in return for the lives of his soldiers and subjects, Desiderius surrendered and opened the gates. Desiderius was exiled to the abbey of Corbie, where he died, and his son Adelchis spent his entire life in futile attempts to recover his father's kingdom. Some sources state that the king and his family were banished to a monastery at Liège, Belgium.
     "The name Desiderius appears in the romances of the Carolingian period. Charlemagne took the title rex Langobardorum, the first time a Germanic king adopted the title of a kingdom he had conquered.
     "letzter und 33. Kg. der Langobarden, vorher Marschall von Kg. Aistulf und unter dem 31. Kg. Ratgis Hzg. von Tuscien, 773-774 wird das Langobardenreich von Karl dem Gro?en erobert
     "(also known as Daufer or Dauferius; Didier in French and Desiderio in Italian) was the last king of the Lombard Kingdom of northern Italy (died c. 786). He is chiefly known for his connection to Charlemagne, who married his daughter and conquered his realm.
     "He was originally a royal officer, the dux Langobardorum et comes stabuli, "constable and duke of the Lombards," an office apparently similar to the contemporaneous Frankish office of dux Francorum. King Aistulf made him duke of Istria and Tuscany and he became king after the death of Aistulf in 756. At that time, Aistulf's predecessor, Ratchis, left his monastic retreat of Montecassino and tried to seize the kingdom, but Desiderius put his revolt down quickly with the support of Pope Stephen II. At his coronation, Desiderius promised to restore many lost papal towns to the Holy See, in return for the papacy's endorsement of his claim. Conflict with the Holy See under Pope Stephen III arose, for Stephen opposed Charlemagne's marriage to Desiderius' daughter. Desiderius ceased delivery of the towns after only a few.
     "Seeking, like his predecessors, to extend the Lombard power in Italy, he came into collision with the papacy and the southern duchies. In the same year Desiderius associates to his kingdom the son Adelchis. Alboin, the duchy of Benevento and Liutprand, that of Spoleto were coaxed by Pope Stephen to commend themselves to the Franks and thus separate themselves again from monarchy. They then [1] placed themselves under the protection of Pippin (Lat. Pipinus), the king of Franks. In 758, Duke Liutprand of Benevento attained his majority and rebelled. Desiderius defeated him and granted his duchy to one Arechis, tying the duchy more closely to Pavia than it had been since Grimoald's time. In that same year, Desiderius deposed Alboin of Spoleto and exercised himself the ducal powers there.
Appointing Antipope Phillip
     "Desiderius seized a priest named Phillip from the Monastery of St Vito. One July 31, 768 he summarily appointed him pope. Antipope Philip was never recognized nor gained a significant following so he left the same day and returned to his monastery where is is never heard from or seen again.[2]
Relations with Charlemagne
     "Stephen III opposed Charlemagne's marriage to Desiderius' daughter, Desiderata, in 768, but by his death in 772, he had made peace with the Lombards. The new pope, Adrian I, however, implored the aid of Charlemagne against him, for the marriage of dynasties was dissolved by Charlemagne's repudiation of Desiderata in 771. Charles sent her back to her father. Moreover, Gerberga, the widow of Charlemagne's brother Carloman, sought the protection of the Lombard king after her husband's death in 771; and emdash probably in return for the insult Charlemagne had given to the Lombards by rejecting Desiderata emdash Desiderius recognised Gerberga's sons as lawful heirs, and attacked Pope Adrian for refusing to crown them kings and invaded the Pentapolis. The embassies of Adrian and Desiderius met at Thionville and Charlemagne favoured the pope's case.
     "Such was the position when Charlemagne and his uncle Bernard led troops across the Alps in 773. The Lombards were severely defeated at Mortara (Ara Mortis) and soon besieged in their capital of Ticinum, the modern Pavia. Desiderius' son Adelchis was raising an army at Verona, but the young prince was chased to the Adriatic littoral and fled to Constantinople when Charlemagne approached.
     "The siege lasted until June 774, when, in return for the lives of his soldiers and subjects, Desiderius surrendered and opened the gates. Desiderius was exiled to the abbey of Corbie, where he died, and his son Adelchis spent his entire life in futile attempts to recover his father's kingdom. Some sources state that the king and his family were banished to a monastery at Li?ge, Belgium. Desiderius died sometime around 786.
     "The name Desiderius appears in the romances of the Carolingian period. Charlemagne took the title rex Langobardorum, the first time a Germanic king adopted the title of a kingdom he had conquered.
Geneagraphie cites: Desiderius (?) Duke of Spoleto, King of the Lombards was also known as Didier (?) King of Lombards.⁴

; Per Med Lands:
     "DESIDERIUS, son of --- (-Corbie after 774). A Lombard dux, King Aistulf sent him to command Lombard troops in Tuscia, where he learnt of the king's death in Dec 756 and assembled troops to seize the throne[575]. He succeeded in 758 as DESIDERIUS Duke of Spoleto, until 759. With the support of Fulrad and Frankish troops, as well as the promise of Roman soldiers from Pope Stephen II (III), he prevailed over his rival Ratchis and installed himself as DESIDERIUS King of the Lombards[576]. A later manuscript of the Origo Gentis Langobardorum names "Desiderius" when recording that he succeeded "Aistulfus" and ruled for 17 years and three months before being taken captive to France[577]. The Chronicon Vulturnense records that "Desiderius…Romanæ dignitatis Imperator Augustus et gentis Langobardorum Rex" donated property to Volturno monastery by undated charter[578]. His relations with Rome deteriorated under Pope Stephen III (IV) who refused to consecrate Desiderius's candidate as Bishop of Ravenna and to whom the king refused to cede territories which he had promised to return to the papacy. Despite attempts by the new pope Hadrian I to negotiate, the king continued to seize papal cities and in 772 marched on Rome. After unsuccessfully pressuring King Desiderius to return the captured cities, Charles I King of the Franks, allied with the papacy, besieged Pavia and then Verona in 773/74. King Desiderius surrendered in Jun 774[579] and was sent into exile with his wife and daughter to the monastery of Corbie[580].
     "m ANSA, daughter of --- (-bur Brescia[581]). "Anza" is named as wife of "Desiderius rex"[582]. She was captured with her husband at Pavia in 774 and lived in exile in the monastery of Corbie578. Paulus Diaconus wrote a poem in memory of "Ausonii coniux…regis Ansa"[583].
     "King Desiderius & his wife had [five] children:
Med Lands cites:

     Rodolfo/Radulf III (?) Graf of Franconia died after 28 July 775.²
      ; Per Med Lands:
     "RADULF (-after 28 Jul 775). It is not known whether Radulf was related to the earlier Radulf King of Thuringia but this is certainly suggested by the name. "Carolus…rex Francorum et Langobardorum" granted the monastery of Plaisir to Folrad abbot of Saint-Denis by charter dated 28 Jul 775 which name "fidelibus…Ghaerardo, Bernardo, Radulfo, Hilderado, Ermenaldo, Hebroino, Theudbaldo, Agneone comitibus, Haltberto, Laumberto, Haererico et Anselmo comite palatio nostro"[39].
     "m ---. The name of Radulf's wife is not known."
Med Lands cites: [39] DD Kar. 1, 102, p. 146.²

     Ludowicus (?) Abbot of St. Denis, Chancellor of Charles the Bald was born circa 800.^1,2
Ludowicus (?) Abbot of St. Denis, Chancellor of Charles the Bald died on 9 January 867.^1,2
      ; Leo van der Pas cites: Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch, Reference: 66.¹ He was Abbot of St. Denis.¹ He was Chancellor of Charles the Bald.¹ Ludowicus (?) Abbot of St. Denis, Chancellor of Charles the Bald was also known as Louis (?) de Rennes.²

     Richwin (?) Count of Padua married Hiltrud (?), daughter of Charlemagne (?) King of the Franks and Emperor of the West and Fastrada (?) Queen of the Franks, in 799.^1,2

Richwin (?) Count of Padua died on 1 October 804 at Trier.¹
      ; Leo van der Pas cites: Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch, Reference: 71.¹

     Ricbodo (?) was born between 800 and 805.¹
Ricbodo (?) died on 14 June 844 at Angoulême, Departement de la Charente, Poitou-Charentes, France (now); killed in battle.^1,2
      ; Leo van der Pas cites: Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch, Reference: 71.¹

     Adelheid/Adalhaid (?) of Lombardy married Lambert I (?) Count of Nantes, comte d’Herbauges
;
His 2nd wife.^5,3,2,6 Adelheid/Adalhaid (?) of Lombardy was born circa 798.¹
      ; Genealogy.EU (Carolin 1 page) says she married Duke Gui I of Spoleto (d. 866); Leo van der Pas does not mention this marriage, but only mentions her marriage to Lambert I.^1,2,3

Reference: Leo van de Pas cites:
     1. Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch, Reference 67
     2. Wikipedia Website. Lambert I of Nantes.² Adelheid/Adalhaid (?) of Lombardy was also known as Théodrade of Lombardy d'Italie.⁵

     Theodrade (?) was born between 800 and 810.¹
Theodrade (?) died before 914.¹
      ; Theodrade, *ca 800/810, +before 814; one of daughters m.Lambert of Nantes (+1.9.836.)¹

; Genealogy.EU (Carolin 1 page) lists this 5th daughter of Pepin and says she married a "Lambert of Nantes". Leo van der Pas does not list this daughter.^1,2

     Bernard II (?) was born circa 845.^1,2
Bernard II (?) died before 28 January 893.^1,2
      ; Leo van der Pas cites: Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch, Reference 104.¹

     Robert (?) Vicomte d'Autun, Vicomte de Dijon married Ingeltrude (?), daughter of Eberhard von der Lahngau Graf im Oberlahngau Pfalzgraf and Oda/Uota (?) von Sachsen.^1,4,2,5
Robert (?) Vicomte d'Autun, Vicomte de Dijon was born in 898.⁶
Robert (?) Vicomte d'Autun, Vicomte de Dijon died circa 960; Genealogics says d. aft 960; Med Lands says d. aft 952.^7,2
     Reference: GEnealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 433.¹ GAV-32 EDV-30 GKJ-31.

; Per Med Lands:
     "ROBERT, son of --- (-after 952). same person as…? ROBERT (-[958/60]). Bouchard suggests that Robert Viomte de Dijon was the same person as Robert, brother of Rodolphe Comte de Dijon[64]. "Hugo...comes et marchio" donated property "in comitatu Belnensi...in uilla...Nolliacus et...in uilla Crisentiaco", for the souls of “genitoris nostri Richardi et Adheleidis”, in the presence of “Gilbertus comes, Albericus comes et filius eius Leotaldus et Adso noster fidelis”, by charter dated 1 Sep 936, subscribed by “...Roberti uicecomitis...”[65]. Vicomte de Dijon. "Rotbertus…vicecomes et coniunx mea Ingeltrudis" donated property to Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire for the soul of "Ramgardis" by charter dated Dec 958 subscribed by "Lanberti filii eorum, Wichardi, Ugonis, Letaldi, Waloni"[66].
     "m INGELTRUDE, daughter of ---. 940. "Rotbertus…vicecomes et coniunx mea Ingeltrudis" donated property to Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire by charter dated Dec 958 subscribed by "Lanberti filii eorum, Wichardi, Ugonis, Letaldi, Waloni"[67]. The origin of Ingeltrud is unknown. Jackman suggests, for onomastic reasons only, that she may have been Ingeltrud, daughter of Eberhard Graf im Oberlahngau, Pfalzgraf [Konradiner] & his wife ---[68]. However, this appears unlikely from a geographical perspective. In addition, no strikingly typical Konradiner names feature among this couple's descendants. Settipani suggests that Ingeltrud may have been the daughter of Eberhard's younger brother Otto[69]. It is more likely that she was related to the comtes de Mâcon, which would explain why Letald Comte de Mâcon names her son as "Lanbertus consanguineus meus" in his charter dated 944[70]. "
Med Lands cites: Robert (?) Vicomte d'Autun, Vicomte de Dijon and Ingeltrude (?) lived at an unknown place ; Per Med Lands:
     "[INGELTRUD. Jackman[217] suggests, for onomastic reasons only, that the wife of Vicomte Robert may have been the daughter of Graf Eberhard. However, this appears unlikely from a geographical perspective. In addition, no strikingly typical Konradiner names feature among this couple's descendants. Settipani suggests that Ingeltrud may have been the daughter of Eberhard's younger brother Otto[218].
     "m ROBERT Vicomte de Dijon, son of ---.]"
Med Lands cites:

     Ingeltrude (?) married Robert (?) Vicomte d'Autun, Vicomte de Dijon, son of Raoul (?) Comte de Dijon.^4,5,6,3
Ingeltrude (?) was born in 900.⁷
      ; Per Med Lands:
     "ROBERT, son of --- (-after 952). same person as…? ROBERT (-[958/60]). Bouchard suggests that Robert Viomte de Dijon was the same person as Robert, brother of Rodolphe Comte de Dijon[64]. "Hugo...comes et marchio" donated property "in comitatu Belnensi...in uilla...Nolliacus et...in uilla Crisentiaco", for the souls of “genitoris nostri Richardi et Adheleidis”, in the presence of “Gilbertus comes, Albericus comes et filius eius Leotaldus et Adso noster fidelis”, by charter dated 1 Sep 936, subscribed by “...Roberti uicecomitis...”[65]. Vicomte de Dijon. "Rotbertus…vicecomes et coniunx mea Ingeltrudis" donated property to Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire for the soul of "Ramgardis" by charter dated Dec 958 subscribed by "Lanberti filii eorum, Wichardi, Ugonis, Letaldi, Waloni"[66].
     "m INGELTRUDE, daughter of ---. 940. "Rotbertus…vicecomes et coniunx mea Ingeltrudis" donated property to Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire by charter dated Dec 958 subscribed by "Lanberti filii eorum, Wichardi, Ugonis, Letaldi, Waloni"[67]. The origin of Ingeltrud is unknown. Jackman suggests, for onomastic reasons only, that she may have been Ingeltrud, daughter of Eberhard Graf im Oberlahngau, Pfalzgraf [Konradiner] & his wife ---[68]. However, this appears unlikely from a geographical perspective. In addition, no strikingly typical Konradiner names feature among this couple's descendants. Settipani suggests that Ingeltrud may have been the daughter of Eberhard's younger brother Otto[69]. It is more likely that she was related to the comtes de Mâcon, which would explain why Letald Comte de Mâcon names her son as "Lanbertus consanguineus meus" in his charter dated 944[70]. "
Med Lands cites:

Reference: Genealogics cites: Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: III 433.⁵ GAV-32 EDV-30 GKJ-31. Ingeltrude (?) and Robert (?) Vicomte d'Autun, Vicomte de Dijon lived at an unknown place ; Per Med Lands:
     "[INGELTRUD. Jackman[217] suggests, for onomastic reasons only, that the wife of Vicomte Robert may have been the daughter of Graf Eberhard. However, this appears unlikely from a geographical perspective. In addition, no strikingly typical Konradiner names feature among this couple's descendants. Settipani suggests that Ingeltrud may have been the daughter of Eberhard's younger brother Otto[218].
     "m ROBERT Vicomte de Dijon, son of ---.]"
Med Lands cites:

     Otto/Otton I de Vermandois Comte de Chiny, Comte d'Ivois was born circa 956.³
Otto/Otton I de Vermandois Comte de Chiny, Comte d'Ivois died after 983.³
     ; NB: There is disagreement about the parentage of Louis I, Comte de Chiny (murdered 28 Sep 1025)
     Genealogics shows this Louis I as the son of Otto I, Comte de Chiny, Ermengarde, his wife. Genealogics cites:
     Med Lands shows this Louis I as the son of Odo/Otto, Comte d’Ivois [Vermandois] & his unnamed wife. Med Lands cites:
     The English and French versions of Wikipedia both show Louis as the son of Odo/Otto, Comte d’Ivois [Vermandois]. These two entries cite:
For the present, I am pretty ambivalent on this, but have elected to follow the lineage as proposed by Med Lands. GA Vaut

[See Note Per Med Lands].^7,8,9,10,1

; Per Wikipedia:
     "Otto I (Eudes) (d. 987), Count of Chiny, perhaps son of Adalbert I the Pious, Count of Vermandois, and Gerberge of Lorraine.[1] Although he probably did not use the title, Otto is regarded as the first Count of Chiny.
     "Historically, an Otto of Vermandois is mentioned in a charter of 958 alongside his father, the Count of Vermandois. His name and that of his brother Ludolfe show a Germanic ancestry of the kings of the family of Saxony, which is indeed the case, as his mother is Gerberge of Lorraine, niece of Emperor Otto I (her mother being daughter to Henry the Fowler). He was reported as a quarrelsome lord who threatened Hainaut and Cambrésis (the region around Cambrai).
     "In 971, an Otto erected a fortress in Warcq, in the Ardennes, and attacked his neighbors, including Adalbero, Archbishop of Reims.[1] He is mentioned as having imperial ancestry. This and a number of other facts prompted the historian Léon Vanderkindere to hypothesize that these two Ottos were in fact a single historical figure.[citation needed]
     "His wife’s name is unknown. It is possible that she was from Ardennes, a relative of Wigeric of Lotharingia and Cunigunda of France, granddaughter of Louis the Stammerer. This could explain the name of his son and the appointment of the latter as Count of Verdun in 1024. Otto and his wife had one child:
     "Upon his death, Otto was succeeded as Count of Chiny by his son Louis.
Notes
1. Vanderkindere 1902, p. 344.
3. Vanderkindere 1902, p. 345.
References
** Vanderkindere, Léon (1902). La Formation territoriale des principautés belges au Moyen Âge. Vol. 2. H. Lamertin, Libraire-Editeur.
Further reading
** Arlette Laret-Kayser, Entre Bar et Luxembourg : Le Comté de Chiny des Origines à 1300, Bruxelles (éditions du Crédit Communal, Collection Histoire, série in-8°, n° 72), 1986
** Vanderkindere, Léon, La Formation territoriale des principautés belges au Moyen Âge, Bruxelles, H. Lamertin, 1902
** Settipani, Christian, La Préhistoire des Capétiens (Nouvelle histoire généalogique de l'auguste maison de France, Villeneuve d'Ascq, éd. Patrick van Kerrebrouck, 1993"

[See Note Per Med Lands].² GAV-30.

; Per Wikipedia (Fr.):
     "Un Otton de Vermandois est cité dans une charte de 958 aux côtés de son père Albert Ier, comte de Vermandois. Son nom, ainsi que celui de son frère Liudolphe montre une ascendance issue des rois de Germanie de la famille de Saxe, ce qui est effectivement le cas, car sa mère Gerberge de Lotharingie est nièce de l'empereur Otton Ier. Cet Otton de Vermandois est signalé comme un seigneur querelleur, qui menaça le Hainaut et le Cambrésis.
     "Un Otton édifia vers 971 la forteresse de Warcq, en Ardennes, et s'attaqua à ses voisins, dont l'évêque Adalbéron de Reims. Il est mentionné comme étant d'ascendance impériale.
     "Il y a également un certain nombre d'autres faits qui incitèrent les historiens Ferdinand Lot et Léon Vanderkindere, à la fin du xixe siècle, à voir dans ces deux Otton un unique personnage historique.
     "Otton de Warcq fut le fondateur du comté de Chiny, bien qu'il n'en porta pas probablement pas le titre, et mourut vers 987.
Mariage et enfant
     "Son épouse est inconnue. Il est possible que celle-ci soit issue des comtes de Verdun de la maison d'Ardenne, soit une descendance de Wigéric de Bidgau et de Cunégonde de France, petite-fille de Louis II le Bègue, roi de France. Cela expliquerait le nom de son fils et la nomination de celui-ci comme comte de Verdun en 1024.
     "Otton de Warcq a eu :
Source
** Christian Settipani, La Préhistoire des Capétiens (Nouvelle histoire généalogique de l'auguste maison de France, vol. 1), Villeneuve-d'Ascq, éd. Patrick van Kerrebrouck, 1993, 545 p. (ISBN 978-2-95015-093-6)"

[See Note Per Med Lands].¹

; Per Med Lands:
     "OTTO, son of [ALBERT [I] Comte de Vermandois & his [second] wife Gerberga of Lotharingia] ([950/55]-[986/87]). "Ottonem, Alberti Vermandensium comitis filium" is named in the Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium[558]. A list of members of the Cathedral of Paris lists (in order) "Albertus comes, Girberga comitissa, Harbertus, Otto, Lewultus, Girbertus, Gondrada, Ricardus, Harbertus comes…", the first four individuals named apparently being Comte Albert, his wife and three sons, and the last named maybe his brother or nephew[559]. Otto is named with his parents in a charter of Comte Adalbert dated 2 Nov [958/59][560]. There appears to be no direct proof that Otto, ancestor of the Comtes de Chiny, was the same person as Otto, son of Adalbert Comte de Vermandois. The Historia Monasterii Mosomense records that "Ottonem comitem" built "castellum…Warcus" (Warcq, Ardennes, in the comitatus Castritius) in 971, and suggests his affiliation when, in a later passage, it clarifies that "superius dictus Ottho erat comes, Otthonum…Romanorum imperatorum…germanissima progenies"[561]. The editor of the MGH SS edition of the Historia identifies Otto with the son of Albert [I] Comte de Vermandois and Gerberge, daughter of Emperor Otto I's sister[562]. A subsequent passage of the Historia dates the foundation of the monastery to 24 Jul 971[563], implying that the events recorded earlier in the text predated this foundation. If this is correct, 971 seems early for Otto de Vermandois to have constructed Warcq in light of his estimated birth date (which appears reasonably robust). It is assumed that Otto conquered Ivois around the same time as building the castle of Warcq, and installed himself as Comte d'Ivois[564]. Gerbert, in a letter dated to Oct 986, records that "dux Cono pro suo Ottone insidias molitur"[565]. In the same letter, he also records that "Laudunensis episcopus" left "Dordingum" (Dourdon?) on the advice of "Ottonis et Heriberti" in support of "ducem" (which appears to refer to Hugues Capet). Settipani suggests that "Otto" in this text refers to the holder of Warcq[566]. However, all other passages in Gerbert's letters which name "Ottonis et Heriberti" (in that order) appear to refer to Eudes I Comte de Blois and his first cousin Héribert [V] Comte de Troyes. It is unclear from the full text of this letter whether the two references to "Ottone" and to "Ottonis" relate to the same person. "Dux Cono" has not been identified, although it may refer to Konrad I Duke of Swabia. If this is correct, it is possible that the first "Ottone" is a different person from the second "Ottonis" as there is no other passage which links the Blois count to the Swabian duke. Settipani states that Otto died "between 986 and 987", without specifying the basis for this speculation[567].
     "m ---. The name of Otto's wife is not known."
Med Lands cites: Otto/Otton I de Vermandois Comte de Chiny, Comte d'Ivois was also known as Odo de Vermandois.³

Reference: Genealogics cites: Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977, Siegfried Rosch, Reference: 124.¹²

     Liudolf (?) de Vermandois, Bishop of Noyon was born circa 957.^1,4
Liudolf (?) de Vermandois, Bishop of Noyon died before 9 November 986.^1,4
      ; Per Med Lands: "LIUDOLF ([957]-before 9 Nov 986). A list of members of the Cathedral of Paris lists (in order) "Albertus comes, Girberga comitissa, Harbertus, Otto, Lewultus, Girbertus, Gondrada, Ricardus, Harbertus comes…", the first four individuals named apparently being Comte Albert, his wife and three sons, and the last named maybe his brother or nephew[277]. He was appointed Bishop of Noyon 978, consecrated 979."
Med Lands cites: [277] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.2, Eglise cathedrale de Paris, p. 1015.⁴

; See Wikipedia entry.

[See Note Per Med Lands]⁶

Reference: Genealogics cites: Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch, Reference: 129.⁷ He was Bishop of Noyon. Per Med Lands: "He was appointed Bishop of Noyon 978, consecrated 979. The Historiæ Tornacenses record that "Leudulfus" succeeded "Hadulfo" as bishop[922]."
Med Lands cites: [922] Historiæ Tornacenses, Liber III, 9, MGH SS XIV, p. 336. between 979 and 986.⁸

     Eudes I (?) Cte de Ham was born after 1032.¹

     Doda (?) died after 9 July 855.¹
     She and Lothair I (?) King of Italy, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bavaria were associated.^1,2

     Gisla (?) Abbess of San Salvatore was born circa 852.¹
Gisla (?) Abbess of San Salvatore died on 28 April 868.¹
      .¹

; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch.¹

     Gottfried/Godefrid (?) Duke of Friesland was born circa 830 at Friesland.² He married Gisela de Lorraine, daughter of Lothaire II "The Saxon" (?) King of Lorraine and Waldrada (?), in 882.³

Gottfried/Godefrid (?) Duke of Friesland died in June 885 at Lobith, Rijnwaarden Municipality, Gelderland, Netherlands (now); murdered.^4,5
     ; Per Med Lands:
     "[REGINLIND (-11 May ----). The wife of Theoderich is named "Reinhildam, Danorum Fresonumque germine procreatam" in the Vita Mathildis Reginæ[672]. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[673], she was Reinhild, daughter of Gotfrid the Dane & his wife Gisela [Carolingian], which is presumably a guess based on this description in the Vita Mathildis. However, the chronology for this hypothesis is not ideal. Regino records the marriage in 882 of "Gisla filia Hlotharii" and "rex Godofridus Nordmannorum"[674]. If this couple's daughter was the mother of Queen Mathilde, the latter's estimated birth date would need to be pushed forward by several years, which makes the chronology for her known descendants tight. Another possibility is that Regenhild was an otherwise unrecorded sister of Bovo Bishop of Chalons. This hypothesis would explain (1) the name Frederuna being transmitted to Reginlind's daughter, and (2) Berenger Bishop of Cambrai, recorded elsewhere as nepos of Queen Frederuna, being described as "…Ottonis imperatoris proxime consanguineus" in the Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium[675]. If this is correct, the reference to Reginlind being "Danorum Fresonumque germine procreatam" has not been explained. m ([900]) THEODERICH, son of --- & his wife Mathilde --- (-8 Feb 917).]"
Med Lands cites:

; Per Wikipedia:
     "Godfrid, Godafrid, Gudfrid, or Gottfrid (Old Norse: Guðfrið; murdered June 885) was a Danish Viking leader of the late ninth century. He had probably been with the Great Heathen Army, descended on the continent, and became a vassal of the emperor Charles the Fat, controlling most of Frisia between 882 and 885.
     "In 880, Godfrid ravaged Flanders using Ghent as his base. In 882, Godfrid ravaged Lotharingia and the cities of Maastricht, Liège, Stavelot, Prüm, Cologne, and Koblenz were devastated. After the Siege of Asselt forced him to come to terms, Godfrid was granted the Kennemerland, which had formerly been ruled by Rorik of Dorestad, as a vassal of Charles, according to the Annales Fuldenses. Godfrid swore oaths to Charles promising never to again lay waste his kingdom and accepted Christianity and baptism, at which Charles stood as his godfather. In return, Charles appointed him Duke of Frisia and gave him Gisela, daughter of Lothair II, as his wife.
     "However, Godfrid did nothing against a Danish raid which pillaged large parts of the Low Countries in 884. In 885, he was summoned to Lobith for a meeting after being accused of complicity with Hugh, Duke of Alsace and brother of Godfrid's wife Gisela, in an insurrection. In an act of treachery he was killed by a group of Frisian and Saxon nobles at the connivance of Henry of Franconia, who had been at odds with Hugh and was against the initial appointment of Godfrid as Duke. The local count Gerulf took over the West Frisian coastline from the Danish after the murder.
     "This Godfrid has sometimes been confused with Godfrid Haraldsson.
Sources
** Nelson, Janet L (ed.), and Reuter, Timothy (trans.) The Annals of Fulda. (Manchester Medieval series, Ninth-Century Histories, Volume II.) Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1992.
** Simon Coupland (1998), "From poachers to gamekeepers: Scandinavian warlords and Carolingian kings", Early Medieval Europe, 7: 85–114, doi:10.1111/1468-0254.00019
** MacLean, Simon. Kingship and Politics in the Late Ninth Century: Charles the Fat and the end of the Carolingian Empire. Cambridge University Press: 2003.
** Smith, Julia M. H. Province and Empire: Brittany and the Carolingians. Cambridge University Press: 1992."¹

Reference: Genealogics cites: Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch, Reference: 91.⁴

; NB: Genealogy.EU incorrectly assigns Godefrid as the son of Harald Klak, King of Haithabu: "Godefrid, 15th King of Haithabu, King of Dorestad and Rustringen, +murdered 885/6; m.882 Gisela of Lotharingia (+after 18.1.908)"
Wikipedia says that "This Godfrid has sometimes been confused with Godfrid Haraldsson."^4,1 Gottfried/Godefrid (?) Duke of Friesland was also known as Godafrid (?) Duke of Friesland.¹ Gottfried/Godefrid (?) Duke of Friesland was also known as Godfried (?) Duke of Friesland.¹ Gottfried/Godefrid (?) Duke of Friesland was also known as Gottfrid (?) Duke of Friesland.¹ Gottfried/Godefrid (?) Duke of Friesland was also known as Gudfrid (?) Duke of Friesland.¹

     Berta (?) was born circa 830.¹
Berta (?) died after 7 May 852 at Avennay.¹

     Rotrude (?) de Germanie married Lambert II (?) Count and Markgraf of Nantes, son of Lambert I (?) Count of Nantes, comte d’Herbauges and Itta (?).^2,6,7
Rotrude (?) de Germanie was born between 835 and 837; Racines et Histoire says b. ca 834.^2,1
Rotrude (?) de Germanie died circa 882.¹
      ; Leo van de Pas cites: 1. Caroli Magni Progenies Neustadt an der Aisch, 1977. , Siegfried Rosch
2. Europäische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag Marburg., Detlev Schwennicke, Editor, Reference: II 188B.² GAV-30. Rotrude (?) de Germanie was also known as Rotrud (?)²